Civil War Review

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SSUSH 8

Cues/Questions

Abolitionism

Notes

• Dominated by Quakers @ First• Northwest Ordinance bans slaver in Northwest

Territory – 1787• Early Abolitionism focused on relocating African

Americans back to Africa

• Notable Abolitionists• William Lloyd Garrison

• Temperance & Women’s Suffrage• Newspaper Editor of The

Liberator

• Frederick Douglas• Former Slave• Worked & Travelled with

Garrison• Newspaper Editor of The North

Star

• Grimke Sisters• Angelina & Sarah• Southern Aristocrats• Rejected their family’s position• Gave Lectures – Travelled with

Garrison

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Questions

Abolitionism (Continued)

Notes

• Nat Turner’s Rebellion• African American Slave and

preacher• Saw a Solar Eclipse in 1831• Believed that God was giving

him a ‘sign’• Led slave rebellion – killing

nearly 60 white men, women, and children

• Captured and executed

• Led to the victimization of innocent African-Americans by white seeking revenge for the Rebellion

• Led to even stricter Slave Codes

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Cues/Questions

Mexican-AmericanWar

Notes

• Causes:• President James K Polk• 1845 Texas admitted into Union

(US)• Fighting over borders w/ Mexico• Polk orders US troops into

disputed territory• US soldiers are shot at• Polk declares War

• The War• Zachery Taylor & Winfield Scott =

US Generals• Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848

• Ends the War• Rio Grande = recognized

border between US and Mex

• California and New Mexico = US

• US pays $15 mil to Mex

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Cues/Questions

Mexican-AmericanWar

(Cont.)

Notes

• Results for Slavery• Wilmot Proviso =

• House of Rep David Wilmot proposed to ban slavery in all former Mex territories

• Compromise of 1850 = • Est. New Mexico out of

Texas• California = Free• N. Mex = popular

sovereignty • Est Fugitive Slave Laws• Washington DC banned

slave trade but allowed the practice

• Sectionalism continues

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Cues/Questions

Key Figures

Notes

• Union• Lincoln =

• Pres• Appointed Grant as

Commander of US army

• Issued Emancipation Proclamation

• Promoted 13th Amendment

• Grant = • Victory @

Vicksburg, MS• Accepted defeat of

Rob. E. Lee

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Cues/Questions

Key Figures

(Cont.)

Notes

• Union (Cont.)• General Sherman

• Destroyed Atlanta• “Total War”• March to the Sea• “40 Acres & a Mule”

• Confederate (CSA)• Jefferson Davis = President CSA

• Appointed Lee as Commander of CSA armies

• Gen. Robert E. Lee• Commander of CSA

armies• Defeated @ Gettysburg• Surrendered to Grant @

Appomattox Courthouse in Va

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Cues/Questions

Key Figures

(Cont.)

Notes

• Confederate (CSA) Cont.• General Thomas

“Stonewall” Jackson• Victory @ First

Battle of Bull Run• Considered brilliant

tactician• Died by accident @

Battle of Chancellorsville

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Cues/Questions

Key Battles

Notes

• Fort Sumter – 1861• First battle of Civil War• US Fort in Charleston

Harbor• US troops receive fire for

24 hours before given orders to return fire

• Civil War begins

• Antietam – 1862• Union Victory• Lincoln issues

Emancipation Proc

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Cues/Questions

Key Battles

(Cont.)

Notes

• Gettysburg – 1863• 3 Day Battle in PA• Gen Lee surges to Union

territory• Union Victory• Beginning of the end for CSA• Lincoln gives Gettysburg

Address

• Vicksburg – 1863• Union Victory – Grant - on the

MS River• Gave Union control of entire MS

River• Cut CSA in ½

• Atlanta – 1864• Union Victory – Sherman• Began Sherman’s March to the

Sea (to Savannah)• Cut CSA into 3rds

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Cues/Questions

EmancipationProclamation

Notes

• Issued 1862 after Union victory at Antietam

• Executive Order• Freed slaves in states

and territories in rebellion

• Does NOT free slaves in Border States (Union States on the Border with the CSA)

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Cues/Questions

Economy & Resources of The North &South

Notes

• The Union was superior in every way with regard to money and resources

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Questions

Presidential vs.

CongressionalReconstruction

Notes

• Reconstruction = Battle• Radical Republicans (Congress)

VS Lincoln & Johnson

• Presidential Reconstruction = Lenient on the South• Confederate States had to adopt

the 13th Amendment • 10% of Citizens had to swear

oath of allegiance to the Union

• Congressional Reconstruction was Harsh on the South• Confederate States had to adopt

13th , 14th, & 15th Amendments• Guarantee Suffrage for African-

Americans

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Questions

Reconstruction

“40 Acres & aMule”

Notes

• January 1865• Gen Sherman issued a Field

order

• African-American families were to be given 40 acres of land and a mule

• Program was never implemented

• President Johnson rescinded the order

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Questions

Reconstruction

Freedmen’s Bureau

Notes

• March 1865

• Congress created the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands

• Transition for slaves into civilian life

• No permanent land grants were given

• President Johnson did not support the Bureau and White Southerners refused to honor the Bureau

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Questions

Reconstruction

Resistance

Notes

• Black Codes

• Southern States were not forced to grant equality to freed slaves

• These local laws kept newly freed slaves in a state of dependence on their former masters

• Ku Klux Klan

• Founded in TN – 1866

• Attacked Northern Whites who moved into the South During Reconstruction

• Carried out Vicious attacks on African-Americans

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Questions

Reconstruction

CongressionalControl

Notes

• Johnson = Impeached but not Convicted

• Election of 1868

• President Ulysses Grant

• Radical Republican

• Created Military Districts in the South • Martial Law

• 1870 – All Confederate States readmitted to the Union

• Equality for Blacks and Whites enforced by law and Military Action

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Questions

Reconstruction

The End of Equality

Notes

• Election of 1876

• Rutherford B. Hayes = Republican (moderate)

• Compromise of 1877

• Rescinded the Civil Rights Acts of the Reconstruction

• Withdrew Military presence from the South

• Backlash against African-Americans

• Segregation and Violence

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