CHILD MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY RATE

A. CHILD MORBIDITY• Deviation from a state of physical or

mental well-being as a result of disease, injury or impairment.

• In a given population morbidity for a given time, may be measured in terms of incidence, in terms of prevalence.

Total no. of new cases of illness during a defined period

Population exposed to risk in the same period

Incidence rate =

prevalence• Prevalence Indicates how common is an

event in a population.• It is used to measure the frequency of an

illness in existence during a defined period.• It includes all the cases in the defined

period, new and old case, during the same period

Total no.of new and old cases found during a specified period

Population exposed to risk at the same period

Prevalence rate =

B.MORTALITY RATE

• INFANT MORTALITY RATE: it is the number of infant deaths under one year of age per 1000live births in one year.

Number of deaths under one year of age

Total live birth in the year

IMR = 1000

Neonatal mortality rate

NMR = 1000

No. Of deaths under 28 days of age

Total live births

Still birth=

Fetal deaths weighing over 1000gms at birth

Total live + still births weighing over 1000gms at birth

1000

• globally the under-five child mortality had reduced only by 48 per cent…whereas in India by 2013 we had reduced the under-five child mortality by 61 per cent,”

• India has the highest number of child deaths in the world, with an estimated 1.2 million deaths in 2015 — 20 per cent of the 5.9 million global deaths.

The fourth Millennium Development Goal (MDG-4) aimed to reduce mortality — between 1990 and 2015 — among children under five by two-thirds.

India tops child deaths due to#pneumonia #Diarrhoea,#congenital Abnormalities#Haemorrahgic Diseases

• POVERTY,CHILD MATERNAL DEATHS ARE HIGH IN INDIA

• "The current Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of India, as per the Sample Registration System (SRS) 2013, is 40 per 1,000 live births

• while the Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR) as per SRS 2012 is 52 per 1,000 live births.

• Dr Robert Black, Professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore

• USA, said: “In India, more than half of the child deaths occur in the first month of life, with the major clinical causes being complications of prematurity and of delivery. Infectious diseases remain important causes of death both in the first month of life and up to five years of age.”

• He added that “vaccines to prevent pneumococcal pneumonia and rotavirus diarrhoea are now available and affordable for universal implementation in India and should receive priority”.

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