Post on 14-Jan-2016
From Health Disparities to Health Competency
Challenges and OpportunitiesChallenges and Opportunities
Norma J. Goodwin, M.D.Founder, President & CEO
Health Power, Inc.Director, www.Healthpowerforminorities.org
11.3.06 NYBGH Seminar 2
www.healthpowerforminorities.org
U.S. Census Bureau Projection:
Multicultural U.S. populations, combined, will account for almost 90 percent of all population growth in the U.S. from 1995 to 2050.
The Context:
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The Context: A Rapidly Changing Picture
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Trend: An increasing racially and ethnically diverse national population.
Thus: A racially and ethnically more diverse workforce
Likely Short-term Effect (or longer): A less healthy workforce because of well documented racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Key Terms: Health Disparities
Unfavorable or unequal differences in certain conditions among certain population groups such as
Incidence Prevalence Mortality or death rate Nature of care received
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Representative Incidence/Prevalence Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
African-Americans: highest prevalence of hypertension in the U.S. – AHA 2005
African-Americans have the highest self-reported prevalence of diagnosed diabetes – AHA 2005
Cuban Americans: 50 to 60% higher rates of diabetes than non-Hispanic Whites – www.preventdiabetes.com
Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans: 110 to 120% higher rates of diabetes than Whites.- www.preventdiabetes.com
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4.5
9.3
4.62.9
20
11.3
5.1 5.46.8 6.1 6.4
11.5
0
5
10
15
20
<9 9-11 12 >12
Years of Education
Per
cen
t o
f P
op
ula
tio
n
Whites Blacks Mexican Americans
* Sources: NHANES III: 1988-94; JAMA 1998;280:356-62
Examples of Health Disparities:Prevalence of Non-Insulin-Dependent [Type 2] Diabetes In Women by Race/Ethnicity and Education ages 25-64
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Examples of Health Disparities:Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Physician-Diagnosed Diabetes in Americans Above 20 Years by Race/Ethnicity and Sex
6.2
4.7
10.3
12.6
10.411.3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Men Women
Pe
rce
nt
of
Po
pu
lati
on
NH Whites NH Blacks Mexican Americans
Sources: CDC/NCHS/NHANES 1999-2002; NHLBI.
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Examples of Health Disparities:Trends in Obesity: Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Obesity in Americans Ages 20-74 Years [by Sex and by Selected Time Period]
12.2 12.8
20.6
28.1
34.0
15.710.7
16.8 17.1
26.0
0
10
20
30
40
Men Women
Pe
rce
nt
of
Po
pu
lati
on
1960-62 1971-74 1976-80 1988-94 1999-2002
Sources: Health, United States, 2004 CDC/NCHS
Note: Obesity = BMI above 30
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IOM report: U.S. Health Care Disparities
Institute of Medicine Report 2002:
Multicultural populations receive lower Multicultural populations receive lower quality health care than Caucasians even quality health care than Caucasians even when insurance status, income, age and when insurance status, income, age and severity of conditions are comparable.severity of conditions are comparable.
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U.S. Health Care Disparities
Kaiser Family Foundation Report 2002
68 of 81 studies on healthcare
Comparisons found that multicultural patients experience more disparities compared to Caucasian patients.
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Health Disparities Increase the Likelihood of Secondary Effects in the Workplace
Associated decreased productivity from:
Uncontrolled major diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease obesity, and stress
Intermittent On-the-Job Inefficiency Increased absenteeism
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Potential Secondary Effects of Increased Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities in the Workplace
Potential increased costs associated with: Provision of medical care
for the individual for the employer for the taxpayer (Medicaid and Medicare subsidies)
Family and environmental effects
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Key Terms: Health Competency
• Self-confidence in one’s ability to manage self-care, and achieve results that are adequate for him/her.
• A person’s feeling of confidence in his/her ability to manage and control most of his/her health problems.
• A sense of self-efficacy (effectiveness)
• A demonstrated ability to effectively handle a variety of health related needs.
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Multicultural Workforces: Employers can increase health competency
Key Health Disparities• Hypertension & Heart
Disease• Diabetes • Obesity• Depression• Asthma• Some Cancers
• Access to care: hours, availability
• Literacy: Care plan understanding
Collaboration with: • Credible and culturally
competent resources• Successful Employers
and Employee Groups
Employee Needs: • Health Literacy • Culturally competent
health education and healthcare services
• Worksite support and access to relevant services
Employer Based/ Sponsored Services:
Walking groups Peer Support Groups/
“Talk Outs” On-site health workshops
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Key Terms: Cultural Competency
Ability to understand, appreciate and effectively work with individuals and groups who have cultures and belief systems that are different from one’s own.
Culturally competent individuals are non-judgmental about persons of different races, ethnicities, languages, social norms, values, histories, socioeconomic status, perceptions and preferences.
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Multicultural Workforces: Employers Benefit from Cultural Competency
A More Diverse Workforce• Richness of differences • Wide range of differences• Race/ethnicity, gender, age,
socioeconomic status, etc.
Narrowing the Digital Divide, which Increases:• On-the-job potential and productivity• Increased self-concept• Socioeconomic potential • Better healthcare and personal care choices
A Healthier Workforce: • Physically • Mentally • Spiritually
Through web-based Information:• Increased Health Knowledge• Enhanced Health communication
- with Providers- with Peers - with Family
XYZ Corporation
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Welcome to Health Power®
A nationally unique corporation founded by Norma J. Goodwin, M.D.
Committed to improving the health of multicultural populations through:
Health information Health promotion Health consultations & trainings Strategic partnerships & alliances
Norma J. Goodwin, MD
Founder, Presidentand CEO
11.3.06 NYBGH Seminar 18
www.healthpowerforminorities.org
Key Health Power Web Site Features
Women’s, Men’s, & Aging Health Channels
Food and Fitness Channel
Racial and Ethnic Channels (5)
What It Means: Our Glossary
Our Major Killers and Disablers
Mental and Spiritual Health Channels
Cross-linked Web Partners – A developing network
Relevant Resource & Trend (data) Tables
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New York Area Diabetes Resources
American Diabetes Association, New York Affiliate
American Association of Diabetes Educators, New York Regional Office
New York City Department of Health – Occupational component
New York State Department of Health funded NYC programs
New York Business Group on Health
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New York Area Diabetes Resources
Academically affiliated institutions with specialties in Diabetes or Obesity - St. Luke’s Roosevelt Obesity Research Center - Mount Sinai School of Medicine - Cornell Cooperative Extension
Diabetes Resource Coalition of Long Island National Association for Mental Illness, NYC
Metro
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Collaborative efforts with Health Power, focused on: Eliminating racial and ethnic health disparities, thus Ensuring a healthy and productive future workforce.
Collaborative efforts with key health improvement organizations: NYBGH GlaxoSmithKline Aetna
Future OpportunitiesFuture Opportunities
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Since many of us are able to make a difference in the health of multicultural populations, we
underscore the reality, just as we do for those served, that:
KNOWLEDGE + ACTION = POWER!™
Health Power: A Unique Web Site, Plus Much More
www.healthpowerforminorities.org