WORLD WAR IICh. 19 World War II19:1 Paths to War By March 1935, how was Hitler violating the

Treaty of Versailles?By March 1936, What was Hitler doing wrong and

how did allies respond?What did Hitler think of France and Great Britain?Describe what happened at the Munich

Conference.Who does Hitler want a non-aggression Pact with

and why?What happens Sept. 1, 1939, then Sept. 3, 1939?Meanwhile, what has been going on in Japan?

19:1 Paths to WarObjective: To describe steps taken by

Germany and Japan that led to WWII

By March 1935: Hitler violates Treaty

March 1936: Hitler sends troops to Rhineland

Appeasement: If Hitler is content with this peace will follow

Hitler annexed Austria

Munich Conference:Neville Chamberlain (British Prime

Minister) appeases Hitler with Sudetenland

Hitler promises no more demands!

Nazi-Soviet nonaggression Pact:To not attach each other & dividing

Poland

Sept. 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland

Sept. 3, 1939 GB, FR declare war on Germany

Meanwhile….1931 Japan seizes Manchuria….…….and then some

Chiang Kai-shek China Nationalist leader

Hideki Tojo Japan military leader

Summary 19:1Describe/list actions taken by Germany and Japan that led to WWII.

19:2 Course of WWIIObjective:

Describe the greatest amphibian retreat in history?

Describe Germany’s attack in Britain and results.

Describe Germany’s attack on the Soviet Union and results.

Describe the strategy and battles of the Pacific.

Blitzkrieg - lightning war ; describing Germany’s

attack on Poland then others.Dunkirk – Greatest amphibian retreat; British

troops rescued off beach of France

DUNKIRK RETREAT

For five days, fishing boats, yachts, tugs and other little boats braved the bombs and strafing runs of the Luftwaffe to rescue 200,000 British and 140,000 French troops. Some boats made three or more journeys on their own amid dive bombing and strafing by the Luftwaffe. Unlit and unable to comprehend, or respond to naval signals by night, they risked being sunk by their own side.

Battle of Britain

In retaliation of attack on Berlin, Hitler attacks cities from air; did NOT work.

Germany’s attack on Soviet Union; winter came early ; Germany suffers 1st defeat.

Japan attacks Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941

(see Hitler’s Boast & Women as spies & timeline p.600-601)

ASIAN THEATERMidway Island – turning point for US in Pacific

1942

U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur – “island hopping”

EASTERN THEATERJune 6, 1944 = D-Day

US Gen. Dwight Eisenhower in Normandy, France

Jan. 1945 – Hitler moves into underground bunker

Feb. 1945 – Yalta Conference held

April 1945 – 12th- FDR died 28th-Mussolini shot 30th Hitler commits suicide

HIROSHIMA – Aug. 6, 1945NAGASAKI – Aug. 9, 1945

Emperor Hirohito surrenders Aug. 14

SummaryDescribe steps taken in the Eastern and Asian Theaters to end WWII

19:3 HolocaustList ways in which people were killed.How many Jewish children died?Who were killed 1st in the camps?1945; how many orphaned children in

Europe?How many children evacuated before

Hiroshima?1939; where were 6million British

women/children sent?

Genocide – physical extermination

“Final Solution”

Ghettos – crowded, unsanitary, little food

Holocaust – mass slaughter

Auschwitz – largest extermination camp (Poland)

90% of European Jewish population

10 million non-Jewish

“Japanese Behavior” pg. 611

How did the Japanese treat the native peoples of Japanese-occupied lands?

Recruited to serve in local military unitsForced to work public projects (RxR)POW’s, killed, raped, poor diets,

unhealthy climate conditions(12,000 allied POW’s + 90,000 workers

died)

19:4 Home Front & AftermathSoviet Union:

900 days of siegeOnly country to use women in combat

Germany:Changed view of women as workers

United States: 1943-building 6 ships/day &

96,000 planes/yr.

Million African Americans moved north=riots

Million African Americans enroll military

Japanese Americans 110,000 to internment camps

Japan: young men encouraged to volunteer

as Kamikaze pilots

Why were civilian populations targeted in bombing raids?

thought to be effective way to force gov’ts to make peace.

Who ordered the A-bomb be used on Japan?

Pres. Harry TrumanBecause…..US risked high casualty

rate on a land invasion

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945)

Big 3 : GB – Churchill US – FDR SU – Stalin

Create United NationsJointly occupy Germany & BerlinOffer free elections to E. European

nations

Potsdam Conference (July 1945)

Stalin refuses to allow free elections

Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech (3/1946)

Stalin responds…. “call to war”

War Crime Trials:Germany – Nuremburg Trials vs. Nazi leaders

Japan & Italy also held war crime trials

Describe changes that occurred on the home fronts.

Who ordered the A-Bomb be used and why?

Describe the Yalta Conference. (Who and what discussed)