Post on 25-Dec-2015
Cells!Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Bacteria
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA -- Introduction (Click here)
Eukaryotic Have a NUCLEUS and membrane-bound
organelles---include most living things
Plant Animal
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Principles of Cell Theory
1. All living things are made of cells
2. Smallest living unit of structure and function of all organisms is the cell
3. All cells arise from preexisting cells
Discovery of Cells
Robert Hooke (1665)- coined the word “cells”Observed sliver of corkSaw “row of empty boxes”He named these empty boxes CELLS!
Cell theory
(1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden
“ all (living things) are made of cells”
-Schwann (animal); Schleiden (plants)
(50 yrs. later) Rudolf Virchow
“all cells come from cells”
The Microscope Microbe Man!
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) Introduced the world to
microbes. Observed tiny organisms in pond water.
Made books with sketches and descriptions
Built over 200 microscopes! (Hans and Janssen invented it though in the 1590’s)
Cell Membrane
Function:Function: controls controls what goes in and out what goes in and out of the cell.of the cell.
Analogy:Analogy: like a like a bouncer at a club bouncer at a club because a bouncer because a bouncer controls who can controls who can come in.come in.
In BOTH plant and In BOTH plant and animal!!animal!!
Cytoplasm
FunctionFunction: a jelly-like : a jelly-like substance that holds substance that holds organelles in placeorganelles in place
AnalogyAnalogy: like a jello : like a jello fruit cup because fruit cup because the jello holds the the jello holds the fruit in place just like fruit in place just like the cytoplasm does the cytoplasm does for the organelles!for the organelles!
In BOTH**In BOTH**
Nucleus
Function: controls the cell’s activities
Analogy: like a president because a president controls what goes on in a country.
Both
Ribosome
Function: Makes proteins
Analogy: like Kentucky Fried Chicken because KFC makes protein (chicken)!
BBoth
Lysosome
Function: the cells stomach; breaks down food and cell parts
Analogy: like a car crusher because car crushers breaks down cars OR like a stomach
Only in Animal Cells
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Function: moves proteins around the cell
*Rough ER: Has ribosomes on it!
*Smooth ER: No ribosomes.
Analogy: it’s like a train because trains move things from place to place or like UPS
**In BOTH
Golgi Apparatus
Function: storing & packing proteins
Analogy: like a packer because a packer will pack up your things and store them in a safe place.
**In Both
Chromosomes
Function: contains genetic DNA that is passed on
Analogy: like a drivers license or social security card because they both carry important information about you!
In Both
MitochondriaMitochondria
Function: Provides energy. Powerhouse of the cell!!!Analogy: like a power plant because it gives energy to the rest of the cell.**Both**
Choloroplast FunctionFunction: takes solar : takes solar
energy ad turns it into energy ad turns it into chemical energychemical energy
AnalogyAnalogy: like a solar : like a solar panel because a solar panel because a solar panel takes solar panel takes solar energy and turns it into energy and turns it into electrical energy.electrical energy.
ONLY IN PLANTS!ONLY IN PLANTS!
Function: supports and protects cell; in plants only
Freely permeable*Why is the cell wall
important?* Only in plants
Cell Wall
Vacuole Function: Store
nutrients and water
Analogy: like a water balloon because it can hold water until you need to use it!
**In Both but a LARGE vacuole is ONLY in plants
Plant Cell Animal Cell
CytoskeletonFunction: Provides
shape and support for the cell. It’s the ‘skeleton’.
Analogy: It’s like our skeleton because our skeleton gives us support and shape. ***Both***
Flagella / Cilia
Function: cell movement.
*In Animal and prokaryotic cells*
Flagella
Cilia on a Paramecium