Post on 22-Mar-2016
description
History :
-Owner complain (chicken or turkey with Orange or bloody
diarrhea)
-Age: common at ages more than 2 weeks.
-Housing: bad litter (high moisture – wetted litter)
Case number 1
1
Intestinal wall shows
Red and whitespots
Liver is normal
2
Blood inside cecum
Normal liver
3
Report includes :
•External examination : ………….
•PM examination : ……………..
•Intestinal smear : …………..
•Diagnosis: ……………….
•Treatment: ……………………
4
External examination:
•Ruffled feather
•Pale comb and wattle
•Bloody diarrhea soiling vent feather
PM examination:
•Presence of red and white spots appear from serosa and
mucosa of the intestine, Blood inside small intestine (E.
necatrix ).
•Bloody caecal content (E. tenella)
•Only affect intestine not affect liver.
Direct intestinal smear:
Presence of schizont and oocyst.5
Diagnosis
1-Intestinal coccidiosis : (blood inside intestine)
2 – Caecal coccidosis : ( blood inside caecum)
6
Treatment:•Correct bad management (change wetted litter) and replace with dry litter.
• Administration of anticoccidial on drinking water:
a-Amprolium 1gm / liter 3-5 days or
b-Toltrazuril 1ml / liter for 1-2 days or
c- Mixture of sulphonamide and amprolium :
Amprolium 2 volume
Sulphaquinoxaline 1 volume
Sulphadimidine 1 volume
Vit K 1 volume
•Put 2 gm from the mixture / 1liter of water for 3 days …… 2 days of rest then
another 2 days of treatment. (To avoid kidney nephrosis)
•Contraindicated to use sulphonamides in birds under one month of age …..
(to avoid kidney nephrosis) also contraindicated to use sulphonamides in layer
and breeder chickens …… (to avoid inactive ovary).
7
History :
-Owner complain (chicken, turkey or duck with yellow
brown diarrhea)
-Age: common at all ages.
-Housing: bad litter (high moisture – wetted litter)
Case number 2
8
Sloughing of intestinal mucosa
Intestine is velvet like in appearance
9
Congested liver
-Ballooning of intestine
- congested Blood vs
10
External examination:
•Ruffled feather •Yellowish brown diarrhea•Congested comb and wattle.
PM examination:
•Thickening and fissuring of intestinal wall•ballooning of intestine •sloughing of intestinal mucosa•congested muscles, liver, kidney
11
Diagnosis
Necrotic enteritis (clostridium perfringens)
12
Treatment:
•Correct bad management, replace wet litter with dry litter.
•Thirsting of birds ( 4 hours in winter and 2 hours in summer )
•Give amoxicillin or ampicillin or Bacitracin Methylene
Disalicylate (BMD) in drinking water.
•Use anti-clostridial on ration.
•Control of coccidiosis (predisposing factor for clostridial
infection)
13
History :
-Owner complain (chicken, turkey with respiratory signs;
coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge)
-Age: common at 2 weeks or more.
-Housing: bad ventilation (high ammonia)
Case number 3
14
Fibrinous perihepatitis
15
Fibrinouspericarditis
Fibrinousperihepatitis
16
External examination:
•Ruffled feather •Nasal discharge •conjunctivitis
PM examination:
•Presence of fibrinous membrane on liver, heart, airsacs : Fibrinous pericarditis Fbrinous perihepatitis Fibrinous airsaculitis•Congested lung.•Congested liver
17
Diagnosis
(CCRD) chronic complicated respiratory disease :E.coli and mycoplasma + bad managment
18
Treatment:
1. Correct bad management ( improve ventilation )
2. Antibiotic sensitivity to know the most sensitive antibiotic.
3. Common antibiotics
A- Streptomycin and gentamicin injection
- Or Lincomycin and spectinomycin injection
B- Doxycycline or tylosin on drinking water
19
History :
-Owner complain: Chicks huddle together, high mortality.
-Age: common at 1st week of age.
-Housing: low temperature.
Case number 4
20
Moist inflamed navel
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Congested yolk sac
22
External examination:
1. Ruffled feather, huddle together.
2. Nasal discharge
3. conjunctivitis
PM examination:
1. Persistent yolk sac more than 72 hours (not absorbed)
2. Yolk sac distended, congested, abnormal color and smell.
3. Congested muscles, liver, kidney.
23
Diagnosis
Yolk sac infection: Caused by (E. coli, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, staph, strept, clostridium )
24
Treatment:
•Correct bad management ( low temperature,
contaminated hatchery, dirty eggs).
•Injection of antibiotic :
1. Streptomycin 100mg / kg live body weight
2. Gentamycin 5mg / kg l b wt
3. Enrofluxacin 10 mg / kg l b wt
25
History :
-Owner complain: chicken with profuse yellow white watery
diarrhea) high morbidity up to 100% – Mortality highest at
3rd by the ninth day no mortality.
-Age: common at 4- 8 weeks of age.
-Housing: sharp drop in temperature inside the house.
Case number 5
26
Enlarged bursa of fabricus
Kidney nephrosis
27
Echymotic and Peticheal
hemorrhage in thigh muscles
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Peripheral area of infarction
29
Hemorrhage between
proventriculus and gizzard
Hemorrhage and Enlargement of bursa of fabrics
30
External examination:
•Ruffled feather •Profuse Yellowish white watery diarrhea•Congested comb and wattle.
PM examination:
•Hemorrhage in muscles, S/C•Hemorrhage and enlargement in bursa of fabricious.•Swollen kidney with urate deposition in ureters (kidney
nephrosis)•Hemorrhage in proventriculus•Hemorrhage between proventriculus and gizzard.•Liver shows peripheral area of infarction
31
Diagnosis
Infectious Bursal Disease ( Gumbro disease )
32
Treatment:
1. Correct bad management (sharp drop in
temperature) ….. rise temperature inside house.
2. Renal wash ( potassium citrate gm / liter)
3. Immune stimulant (vit E. + Selenium 1ml / 2
liter )
4. Local acting antibiotic ( neomycin 1 gm / liter) to
avoid any side effect to liver or kidney.
5. Vit k (1gm / liter ) to help stop bleeding. 33
History :
-Owner complain: affect (all species) birds suffer
emaciation, ruffled feather & weakness.
-Age: common at age more than 2 months of age.
-Ration : contaminated green food
Case number 6
34
Round worm ex ascaris
35
Segmented worms = cestodes
36
External examination:
•Ruffled feather •Emaciated pectoral muscles on palpation
PM examination:
PM : 1. In case of cestodes (segmented worm inside intestine)2. In case of nematodes (round worms) 3. Emaciated carcass
37
Diagnosis
1. Nemtode infestation ( round worm inside intestine)
2. Cestode infestation (segmented worm inside intestine)
38
Treatment:
1. Thirsting of birds ( 4 hours in winter and 2 hours
in summer )
2. Piperazine citrate for treatment of nematodes
3. Yomesan for treatment of cestodes
4. Repeat the dose again after 1 month.
39
History :
-Owner complain: chickens + decrease in egg production
-Age: common in grower and mature chickens
Case number 7
40
Congested
41
External examination:
• Anorexia
• Ruffled feather
• Whitish diarrhea
• Decrease in egg production
• Pale and shrunken comb.
PM examination:
Ovary (Congested, Flaccid, pedunculated, ruptured ova)
42
Diagnosis
Fowl typhoid (salmonella gallinarum)
43
Treatment:
1. Florphenicol 1ml / liter for 3-5 days or
Enrofluxacin 1ml / liter for 3-5 days.
2. Colstin and flumequin on drinking water gm/ liter
for 3-5 days.
44
History :
-Owner complain: (young chicks 1-2 weeks ) huddle together.
Whitish pasty diarrhea on vent area.
-Age: common at first week of age
Case number 8
45
Nodules in lung tissue
46
Nodules in heart
47
Inflamed swollen joint
48
External examination:
• Chicks huddle together .
• Whitish diarrhea
PM examination:
1. Nodules and Congestion in lung
2. Nodules and Congestion in heart
3. Congested visceral organs (septicemia)
49
Diagnosis
Pullorum disease (Salmonella pullorum)
50
Treatment:
1. Florphenicol 1ml / liter for 3-5 days or
Enrofluxacin 1ml / liter for 3-5 days.
2. Colstin and flumequin on drinking water gm/ liter
for 3-5 days.
51
History :
-Owner complain: (young duckling 1- 3 weeks ) huddle
together. Lay on back and paddling with their legs(keel
disease) .
-Age: common at first week of age
Case number 9
52
Bronzy liver
53
External examination:
• Duckling huddle together .
• Whitish diarrhea
PM examination:
1. Bronzy liver
2. Cheesy cecal cores
3. Congested visceral organs (septicemia)
54
Diagnosis
Paratyphoid disease : caused by
(Salmonella typhimurium & S. enteritidis )
55
Treatment:
1. Florphenicol 1ml / liter for 3-5 days or
Enrofluxacin 1ml / liter for 3-5 days.
2. Colstin and flumequin on drinking water gm/ liter
for 3-5 days.
56
History :
-Owner complain: (chicken or duck with whitish diarrhea) + anorexia, inactive. -Age: common all ages
Case number 10
57
Congested and Friable liver
58
External examination:
• Whitich diarrhea
PM examination:
1. Friable liver 2. Subcapsular hg in liver 3. Swollen kidney with urate deposition ( kidney
nephrosis) 4. Enteritis 5. Congested visceral organs
59
Diagnosis
Mycotoxicosis
60
Treatment:
1.Replace ration with new one.
2.Administration of antimycotoxin on drinking water
ex Cynertox 1ml / liter.
3.Administration of antimycotoxin on ration
Ex toxynil dry .5 – 1 kg / ton of ration.
1. potassium citrate (Diuretic) gm/ liter
2.Heparenol (hepatic tonic and diuretic ) 1ml / liter .
61
History :
-Owner complain ( distended crop ) crop impaction
Ration : bad ration ( moldy ration )
Case number 11
62
1- Thickening of crop mucosa. 2- pseudo membrane formation 3 – whitish circular formations4 – corrugation of crop mucosa
63
1- Thickening of crop mucosa. 2- pseudo membrane formation 3 – whitish circular formations4 – corrugation of crop mucosa
64
External examination:
• Bad smell and distended crop.
PM examination:
1. Thickening of crop mucosa.
2. White raised circular formations.
3. Curdy pseudomembranone easily
detached.
4. Crop mucosa shows severe
corrugations to mild whitish streaks.
65
Diagnosis
Candidiasis ( sour crop ) = thrush
66
Treatment:
1. Remove moldy ration.
2. Add cupper sulphate 1gm / 2 liter of
water / 5-7 days.
67
History :
-Owner complain (at young ages respiratory signs
(snuffles)– or adult female rabbit (doe) suffer abortion.
(nervous signs incase of otitis media )
-Age: common at ages more than 2 months.
-Housing: bad ventilation, seasonal changes (in March,
September).
Case number 12
68
Rabbit lung shows
abscess formation
69
Torticollis due to otitis media
70
- Complete the report :
•External examination : ………….
•PM examination : ……………..
•Intestinal smear : …………..
•Diagnosis: ……………….
•Treatment: ……………………
71
External examination:
•Respiratory signs in young
•Purulent Vaginal discharge and abortion in adult.
•Torticollis (in case of otitis media)
PM examination:
•Abscess formation in lung
•Purulent discharge inside uterus
•Congested liver
•Abscess formation in S/C tissue.
72
Diagnosis
Pasteurellosis in rabbit (Pasteurellamultocida.)
73
Treatment:
•Correct bad management (improve ventilation).
•Antibiotic injection :
-Streptomycin 100mg / kg live b wt
-Enrofluxacin 10 mg / kg live b wt
-Vaccination :
Use formalized vaccine 0.5 ml / kg l b wt repeat every three
months, route S/C.
74
History :
-Owner complain (sudden high mortality in ages more than
2 months )
-Age: common at ages more than 2 months.
-Housing: bad ventilation, seasonal changes (in March,
September).
Case number 13
75
Rabbit suffers
epistaxis
76
Haemorrhagicpneumonia
77
- Complete the report :
•External examination : ………….
•PM examination : ……………..
•Intestinal smear : …………..
•Diagnosis: ……………….
•Treatment: ……………………
78
External examination:
•Epistaxis
PM examination:
•Free blood inside the trachea.
•Free blood inside thorax = hemothorax
•Haemorrhagic pneomonia
79
Diagnosis
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD)
80
Treatment:
•Only supportive treatment :
•Immune stimulant : ex Vit E + Selenium 1ml / 2 liter
•Vit K 1gm / liter
-Prevention :
Vaccination using oil adjuvant vaccine 0.5 ml / rabbit repeat
every 6 months, route S/C.
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