Post on 24-Feb-2016
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Care, Prevention and Rehabilitation of Sports
InjuriesCommon Athletic Injuries
MEN WOMENInjury Site (%) Injury Site (%)Knee 27 Knee 29Ankle 10 Ankle 10Lower back 9 Lower back 9Lower Leg 7 Lower Leg 6Metatarsal region 7 Metatarsal region 3Toes 4 Toes 3Calf 3 Calf 3Achilles Tendon 3 Achilles Tendon 3Sole 3 Sole 2Hip 3 Hip 2
Athletic injuries in Adults(British Journal of Sports Medicine)1997
Common Athletic Injuries –1995 – High School Basketball Injury Research Results – Where do high school basketball injuries occur?
Injury Site Boys (%) Girls (%)Ankle/foot 38.3 36.0Hip/thigh/leg 14.7 16.6Face/scalp 12.2 8.8Forearm/wrist/hand
11.5 11.2
Knee 10.3 13.0
Common Athletic InjuriesWhat are the most common injuries in high school Basketball?
Injury Site Boys (%) Girls (%)
Sprains 44.6 44.2
General trauma
26.5 19.6
Strains 13.3 16.2
Data from NATA (USA), 1998
Common Athletic InjuriesWhat basketball activities lead to injury more frequently?
Injury Site Boys (%) Girls (%)
Scrambling for loose balls
34.4 36.3
Controlled pattern activity
27.8 32.6
Rebounding 26.0 30.8
Common Athletic InjuriesWhat are the percentages of major, moderate and minor injuries?
Injury Site Boys (%) Girls (%)
Minor 79.4 76.0
Moderate 12.4 15.1
Major 8.2 9.0
Common Athletic InjuriesFractures
Breaking of bone We will look at
two types of fractures, open and closed
Open = skin being broken
Closed = skin not broken
Common Athletic Injuries Open fractures Worse than closed
fractures. Why? Risk of infection Cover wound Before splinting
Common Athletic Injuries
Common Athletic InjuriesClosed Fractures
Skin not broken Treated by
splinting and sending off to doctor
Always check distal pulse and capillary refill
Immobilize
Common Athletic InjuriesCapillary Refill
This is used for testing blood flow in the distal extremities
Pinch the finger/toe nail bed…turns white, then release, compare to unaffected side of the body
Common Athletic InjuriesFracture tests
There are three fracture tests that we will look at
1. Visual deformity – this is pretty straight forward
2. Compression – push bones together, feel for crepititis and pain
3. Tap/Vibration test – use fingers, or tuning fork to test for fracture. If there is a fracture, vibrations will feel different.
Common Athletic InjuriesPurpose of immobilization
Decrease pain Prevent further
damage to underlying tissues
Reduce risk of bleeding/loss of circulation
Prevent closed fracture from becoming open.
The ground can temp. immobilize an injury
Common Athletic InjuriesSplints
A splint is a device that holds an injury in place
Follow these principles: splint must immobilize above and below injury site; do not splint if it will cause too much pain discomfort; check circulation before and after splinting
Common Athletic InjuriesThere are 4 types of splints
1. Soft – triangular bandages, towels etc.
2. Rigid – Boards, metal, cardboard etc..
3. Anatomical – use of body to immobilize
4. Traction – do not unless trained, or can hold traction until EMS arrives
Common Athletic Injuries
L-R: rigid, soft, anatomical and traction
Common Athletic InjuriesHow to splint
Support body part Cover open wounds Check circulation Pad splint so its
shaped to injury Secure splint with
triangular bandages Recheck circulation Elevate if possible
Common Athletic InjuriesSlings
1. Cervical arm sling: Supports forearm,
wrist, and hand. A triangular bandage is placed around the neck and under the bent arm that is to be supported.
2. Sling and swath: Stabilize arm
securely in case of shoulder dislocation or fracture.
Common Athletic InjuriesSprained Ankle
Very common on lateral side of the foot (inversion sprain)
Tight heel end contributes to this injury
One or two ligaments tend to be involved
Balance and proproception may be worse in persons who have a history of ankle sprains – both factors are used in rehabilitation programs
Top 5 Gruesome Sports Injuries
Not too nice this one, a footballer with his knee completely twisted around. Ouch!
Top 5 Gruesome Injuries When you think
you’ve had a bad soccer game, remember this guy!
Top 5 Gruesome injuries Rugby: a
gentlemen’s game.
Top 5 Gruesome injuries In most sports
keeping your eye on the opposition is imperative!
Top 5 Gruesome injuries Maybe he should
go for a little lighter weight next time!