Post on 19-Dec-2015
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Chronic respiratory diseaseInflammation of the air waysEffects the bronchi, bronchioles and
lungs Effects:
WheezingCoughingDifficultly breathing
What is Asthma?
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What is a disparity?
A health condition or disease that is higher for one group than the general population
Such as:RaceAgeSex
dis·par·i·ty (n.);
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More common in African-Americans in Massachusetts
Dates back to 800 B.C.Mentioned in Homers’ “The Iliad”"Invented” in 400 B.C.:
“asthma” - “to pant”
Why is it a Health Disparity?Where Did it Come From?
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Respiration – Essential for lifeAirways and bronchial tubes carry oxygen
through:Nose and mouthTracheaLung cavity
BronchiBronchioles
Anatomy
Nasal cavity
Mouth
Trachea
Lung Cavity
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Types and Their Triggers [5]
AllergicTriggered by allergens
Exercise-InducedStrenuous exercise
NocturnalBed allergens
OccupationalChemically-Induced
Steroid-ResistantOver dose
5. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/95146-
causes-adult-asthma/.
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In Massachusetts, more than 9.8% of people have asthma [1]
4.18% of those are African AmericanMinorities – Low income – Poor Quality Care
EffectsTreatment Plans [6]PreventionCommunication Issues
Reason for disparity remains unknown
Some Facts
PEOPLE WITH ASTHMA
AFR. AMER-ICAN
OTHERS
1. Gold, D. Population disparities in asthma. (2005) Annual review of public health. 26: 89-113 6. retrieved
from http://www.therapytimes.com/harvard_initiates_study_to_evaluate_asthma_therapies_i
n_black_patients/content=0902j84c487e588440a0
8Group Classification
9.80%
4.18%3.43%
2.19%
Asthma Prevalence [3]
MASSACHUSETTS AFR. AMERICANSOTHER MINORITIES CAUCASIAN
3. Retrieved from http://www.masscosh.org/node/92.
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Pollution/Environmental conditionsUrban areas in Massachusetts [1]
Lack of access to quality healthcareLittle acknowledgement of severity
of symptoms [6]Poverty[4]
Affordability/CostLimits quality of healthcare
Common Causes (Among African- Americans) [4]
1. Gold, D. Population disparities in asthma. (2005) Annual review of public health. 26:
89-113 4.Retrieved from
http://www.tree.com/health/asthma-types.aspx. 6. retrieved from
http://www.therapytimes.com/har
102. Castillo, R., Jordan, M., Tan, L., & Williams, T. Prevalence of asthma disparities amongst African-American children. (2010) p1-2.
Children from birth to 17 years oldWhy?
Smaller airwaysSecond-hand smokeEnvironmental conditions
3rd leading cause of hospitalizationsDeaths are rare - rate increases with age
Asthma in Massachusetts AfricanAmerican Children [2]
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Most important: prevent severe asthma attacks
Peak FlowKeeps asthma under control
Get smart: Trigger prevention
Correct /constant use of medicationBronchodilators
Inhalersmedication
Asthma prevention and control
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July 2010- no more inhalers- Interferon [8]June 2011- Bronchial Thermoplasty [7]
The Future
7.retreived from http://www.dailymail.co.u
k/health/article-2000283/Breakthrough-asthma-operation-burns-
away-lung-tissue-radio-waves.html
8.retrieved from
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100
713144922.htm
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Lowell Center/Toxic Use Reduction Institute [9]Education for peopleChemical and environmental
exposures Improve technology and products
Strategic Plan for Asthma in Massachusetts 2010-2014 [9]State planUnderstanding role of primary
preventionStrategies to replace chemicals
that induce asthma
Prevention Organizations
9. http://www.mass.gov/Eeohhs2/docs/dph/com_healt
h/asthma/state_plan.pdf
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Prevalence of asthma in African-Americans is most likely due to povertyLower socioeconomic statusesPoor living and environmental conditions
Lack of access to quality healthcare
Conclusion
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1. Gold, D. Population disparities in asthma. (2005) Annual review of public health. 26: 89-113
2. Castillo, R., Jordan, M., Tan, L., & Williams, T. Prevalence of asthma disparities amongst African-American children. (2010) p1-2.
3. Graham, T. MassCOSH. (2010, March 6). Asthma report. Retrieved from http://www.masscosh.org/node/92.
4. "Types and causes of asthma - health & wellness - tree.com." Tree.com. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.tree.com/health/asthma-types.aspx.
5. Vermillion, F. Claritin.com. (19 Mar. 2010). Causes of adult asthma | livestrong.com - lose weight & get fit with diet, nutrition & fitness tools. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/95146-causes-adult-asthma/.
6. Therapy times , Harvard initiates study to evaluate asthma therapies in black patients, (2011), retrieved from http://www.therapytimes.com/harvard_initiates_study_to_evaluate_asthma_therapies_in_black_patients/content=0902j84c487e588440a040441
References
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7. Sophia Borland, Radio wave surgery gives hope to thousands of asthma sufferers, (June 2011), http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2000283/Breakthrough-asthma-operation-burns-away-lung-tissue-radio-waves.html
8. Science daily, (July 14, 2010), Interferon might help asthma patients breathe easier, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/07/100713144922.htm
9. Government, (2009-2014), Strategic Plan for Asthma in Massachusetts, http://www.mass.gov/Eeohhs2/docs/dph/com_health/asthma/state_plan.pdf
References contd.