Post on 09-Jan-2017
BUILDING SCIENCE 2 [ARC 3413]
PROJECT 2: INTEGRATION WITH DESIGN STUDIO V
SENTUL WEST COMMUNITY LIBRARY
JALAN SULTAN AZLAN SHAH (JALAN IPOH), KUALA LUMPUR.
NAME
STUDENT ID
TUTOR
SUBMISSION DATE
KELVIN NG
0315081
MR. EDWIN YEAN
11TH JUNE 2016
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Content
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Objectives .......................................................................................... 3
1.2 Project Description .......................................................................... 3
1.3 Floor Plans ........................................................................................ 4
2.0 Lighting
2.1 Day Lighting Factor Analysis ......................................................... 9
2.1.1 Kid’s Reading Area ............................................................ 10
2.1.2 Multifunction Hall ................................................................ 11
2.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis
2.2.1 Multifunction Hall ................................................................ 12
2.2.2 Digital Lab ........................................................................... 15
2.3 PSALI
2.3.1 Multifunction Hall ................................................................ 18
2.3.2 Digital Lab ........................................................................... 18
3.0 Acoustic
3.1 External Noise Calculation ............................................................ 19
3.2 Reverberation Time
3.2.1 Workshop Cubicle 4 ........................................................... 20
3.2.2 Digital Lab ........................................................................... 22
3.3 Transmission Loss
3.3.1 Workshop Cubicle 4 ........................................................... 24
3.3.2 Cafe .................................................................................... 26
4.0 References ............................................................................................. 28
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1.0 Introduction 1.1 Objectives
The objective of this project integrating with Architectural Design Studio V aims to implement the consideration in term of lighting and acoustic. Design strategies affecting lightings and acoustics in the building are analyse in detail, providing detail to achieve comfort of users. 1.2 Project Description
The project is located at Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah or previously was called Jalan Ipoj in Sentul, Kuala Lumpur. The site is located right opposite of KL PAC entrance, nearby Low Yat Rivercity.
This project aim to enhance the lifestyle along Jalan Ipoh or Jalan
Sultan Azlan Shah area, rejuvenating the community with healthy activities and reading with technology that implemented in the library to fulfil the need of new generation with electrical gadgets. Public realm and electronical wall that functioning as a mini open theatre, landscaped with existing contour and a café besides a second hand book store intended to attract young adults and youth.
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1.3 Floor Plans
Ground Floor Plan
scale 1:300
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Mezzanine Floor Plan
scale 1:300
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First Floor Plan
scale 1:300
Second Floor Plan
scale 1:300
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Third Floor Plan
scale 1:300
Fourth Floor Plan
scale 1:300
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Roof Plan
scale 1:300
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2.0 Lighting 2.1 Day Lighting Factor Analysis Daylighting Factor, DF
Natural Illumination Illuminance Example
120,000 Brightest sunlight
110,000 Bright sunlight
20,000 Shade illuminated by entire clear blue sky
1000 – 2000 Typical overcast day, midday
<200 Extreme of darkest storm clouds, midday
400 Sunrise or sunset on clear day (ambient illumination)
40 Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise
<1 Extreme of darkest storm clouds, sunset/rise
Zone DF (%) Distribution
Very Bright > 6 Very large with thermal and glare problems
Bright 3 – 6 Good
Average 1 – 3 Fair
Dark 0 – 1 Poor
Note: The figure are average daylight factors for windows without glazing
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2.1.1 Children Reading Area
Daylight Factor Calculation Floor Area (m
2) 110.3
Area of façade that exposed to sunlight 25.7
Exposed Façade to Floor Area Ratio/ Daylight Factor. DF
(25.7/110.3)x100%=23.3 DF=23.3x0.1 =2.33%
E external = 20,000 lux DF = (E internal/ E external) x 100 2.33 = (20000/ E external) x 100 E external = 2.33 / 100 x 20000 = 466 lux Conclusion The children reading area has daylighting factor of 2.33% and natural illumination of 466 lux. According to the requirement of MS 1525, this children reading area is comfortable for children to read in that area with comfortable natural light without needs of artificial lighting.
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2.1.2 Multifunctional Hall
Daylight Factor Calculation Floor Area (m
2) 194.91
Area of façade that exposed to sunlight 77.6
Exposed Façade to Floor Area Ratio/ Daylight Factor. DF
(77.6/194.91)x100%=39.3 DF=39.3x0.1 =3.93
E external = 20,000 lux DF = (E internal/ E external) x 100 3.93 = (20000/ E external) x 100 E external = 3.93 / 100 x 20000 = 786 lux Conclusion The multifunction hall has daylighting factor of 3.93% and natural illumination of 786 lux. The lighting condition of the hall during day is bright and doesn’t require any artificial to illuminate the space, saving the cost of electricity. However, sliding curtain are install in the hall to enable full control of lighting when the event require darker environment.
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2.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis 2.2.1 Multifunction Hall
According to MS1525, the minimum lighting level of required for a multifunction hall is 300 lux.
Type of luminaire purposed: Philips Tornado Spiral
Type of Fixture LED Downlight
Sample of fixture
Nominal life (hours) 8000
Wattage Range 24W
Colour Rendering Index, CRI 80
Colour Temperature, K 6500
Colour Designation Warm White
Lumens 2850
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Lumen Method Calculation
Location Multifunction Hall
Dimension Length: 19.5m Width: 10m Ceiling Height: 4m
Floor Area (A) 19.5m x 10m = 195m²
Types of Lighting fixture Fluorescent lamps
Lumen of lighting fixture, F (Lm) 2850 Lm
Height of luminaire (m) 3.5m
Mounting height (Hm) 3m
Reflectance Value Ceiling = 0.7 Wall = 0.5 Floor = 0.2
Room index/ RI (K) 𝐿 𝑥 𝑊
(𝐿+𝑊)𝑥 𝐻 =
19.5 𝑥 10
(19.5+10)𝑥 3
=195
88.5
=2.2
Utilisation factor 0.45
Maintenance factor (MF) 0.8
Recommended average illumination levels by MS 1525 (E)
300 lux
Number of light required N= 𝐸 𝑥 𝐴
𝐹 𝑥 𝑈𝐹 𝑥 𝑀𝐹
=300 𝑥 195
2850 𝑥 0.45 𝑥 0.8
= 57.02 ≃ 58 bulbs needed
Spacing of Height Ratio (SHR) SHR =
1
𝐻𝑚 x √
𝐴
𝑁
= 1
3 x √
198
58
= 0.62
SHR = 𝑆
3 = 0.62
S = 1.86
Fitting layout by approximately (m) Fitting along 19.5m wall = 19.5 ÷ 1.86 = 10.48
≃ 11 row No. of lamps required in each row = total lights required/number of row = 58 ÷ 11 = 5.27
≃ 6 Spacing along 10m wall = 10 ÷ 6 = 1.67m Therefore, approximately 6 x 11 = 66 luminaires required
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Fitting Layout
Conclusion
66 LED bulb are required to illuminate the multifunction hall in order to
achieve illumination level of 300 lux as required in MS1525. Warm white color of the
illuminate is more comfortable for the user to stay comfort in the area for a long
period of event, high energy saving efficiency that consume less electricity
contributes to cheaper budget of event.
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2.2.2 Digital Lab
According to MS1525, the minimum lighting level of required for a digital lab is 300 lux.
Type of luminaire purposed: Philips Florescent Batten Light
Type of Fixture Fluorescent Lamp
Sample of fixture
Wattage Range 40W
Colour Rendering Index, CRI 85
Colour Temperature, K 3000
Colour Designation White
Lumens 3800
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Lumen Method Calculation
Location Digital Lab
Dimension Length: 13m Width: 17.4m Ceiling Height: 4m
Floor Area (A) 13 x 17.4 = 226.2m²
Types of Lighting fixture Fluorescent lamps
Lumen of lighting fixture, F (Lm) 3800 Lm
Height of luminaire (m) 3.5m
Mounting height (Hm) 3m
Reflectance Value Ceiling = 0.7 Wall = 0.5 Floor = 0.2
Room index/ RI (K) 𝐿 𝑥 𝑊
(𝐿+𝑊)𝑥 𝐻 =
13 𝑥 17.4
(13+17.4)𝑥 3
=226.2
91.2
=2.48
Utilisation factor 0.45
Maintenance factor (MF) 0.8
Recommended average illumination levels by MS 1525 (E)
300 lux
Number of light required N= 𝐸 𝑥 𝐴
𝐹 𝑥 𝑈𝐹 𝑥 𝑀𝐹
=300 𝑥 226.2
3800 𝑥 0.45 𝑥 0.8
= 49.6
≃ 50 bulbs needed
Spacing of Height Ratio (SHR) SHR =
1
𝐻𝑚 x √
𝐴
𝑁
= 1
3 x √
226.2
50
= 0.71
SHR = 𝑆
3 = 0.71
S = 2.13
Fitting layout by approximately (m) Fitting along 13m wall = 13 ÷ 2.13 = 6.1 ≃ 7 row No. of lamps required in each row = total lights required/number of row = 50 ÷ 7 = 7.14
≃ 8 Spacing along 17.4m wall = 17.4 ÷ 7 = 2.49 m Therefore, approximately 7 x 8 = 56 luminaires required
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Fitting Layout
Conclusion
56 fluorescent lamps are required to illuminate the digital lab in order to
achieve illumination level of 300 lux as required in MS1525. The white color of
illumination helps the user to stay focus to the work and this type of illumination have
higher color rendering index (85) which provide a wider range of color.
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2.3 PSALI
2.3.1 Multifunction Hall
As shown in the diagram above, the multifunction hall dividing into 3 zones, having option for
switches of lighting fixture.
2.3.2 Digital Lab
As shown in the diagram above, the multifunction hall dividing into 3 zones, having option for
switches of lighting fixture.
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3.0 Acoustic
3.1 External Noise Calculation
External Noise Sound Pressure Level (SPL)
Traffic Noise Activity Noise
Peak Hour Peak Hour
Recorded Readings 85dB 70dB
Sound Intensity SPL = 10 log𝐼𝑡
𝐼𝑟𝑒𝑓
85 = 10 log𝐼𝑡
1 𝑥 10−12
Antilog 8.5 = 𝐼𝑡
1 𝑥 10−12
It = 3.1623 x 10-12
SPL = 10 log𝐼𝑡
𝐼𝑟𝑒𝑓
70 = 10 log𝐼𝑡
1 𝑥 10−12
Antilog 7 =𝐼𝑡
1 𝑥 10−12
It = 1 x 10-5
Total Intensities I = (3.1623 x 10-12
) + (1 x 10-5
) = 1 x 10
-5
Sound Pressure Level SPL = 10log1 x 10−5
1 𝑥 10−12
= 70 dB
The external noise with a combined SPL of 85 dB contributed by vehicles and street activity
travels right into the library.
According to the Acoustic Standard ANSI, a library should have acoustic tolerance level in
between 35dB to 40dB. The combined SPL of external noises did not fall within the
recommended standard acoustic noise range of comfort acoustic environment for user
experience. Hence, acoustic barrier or buffering are implement in the design to enhance and
improves the acoustic comfort inside the library.
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3.2 Reverberation Time
3.2.1 Workshop Cubicle 4
Material absorption coefficient in 500 Hz at peak hour with 10 people in the space.
Building Component
Material Area, S/m2 Absorption Coefficient
in 500 Hz, a Sound Absorption, Sa
Wall Concrete Brick Wall 104 0.02 2.08
Glass Panel 64 0.10 6.5
Floor Carpet 110 0.14 15.4
Door Plywood 1.89 0.17 0.32
Ceiling Plaster Finish 110 0.015 1.65
Furniture Timber 20 0.04 0.8
Occupants 10 pax 0.46 4.6
Total Absorption, A 31.35
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Reverberation Time, RT = (0.16 x V)/A
= (0.16 x 440)31.35
= 2.24s
The reverberation time for workshop cubicle 4 at 500 Hz during peak hours with 10 people
inside the space is 2.24s. This doesn’t meet the comfort reverberation time in between 1-1.5s
of standard workshop comfort reverberation time. Due to the function of the space, the
reverberation time should be lower as there are high volume of sound source in the room,
more soft texture that is have higher absorption coefficient should be install in this cubicle.
Material absorption coefficient in 2000 Hz at peak hour with 20 people in the space.
Building Component
Material Area, S/m
2
Absorption Coefficient in 2000 Hz, a
Sound Absorption, Sa
Wall Concrete Brick Wall 104 0.05 5.2
Glass Panel 64 0.10 6.4
Floor Carpet 110 0.14 15.4
Door Plywood 1.89 0.24 0.45
Ceiling Plaster Finish 110 0.04 4.4
Furniture Timber 20 0.10 2
Occupants 20 pax 0.51 10.5
Total Absorption, A 44.35
Reverberation Time, RT = (0.16 x V)/A
= (0.16 x 440)44.35
= 1.587s
The reverberation time for workshop cubicle 4 at 500 Hz during peak hours with 20 people
inside the space is 1.587s. This is very close to the comfort reverberation time in between 1-
1.5s of standard workshop comfort reverberation time.
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3.2.1 Digital Lab
Material absorption coefficient in 500 Hz at peak hour with 30 people in the space.
Building Component
Material Area, S/m2 Absorption Coefficient
in 500Hz,a Sound Absorption, Sa
Wall Concrete Brick Wall 92 0.02 1.84
Glass Panel 140 0.10 14
Floor Carpet 183.2 0.14 25.64
Door Plywood 3.78 0.17 0.64
Curtain Fabric 140 0.15 21
Ceiling Plaster Finish 183.2 0.015 2.75
Furniture Timber 60 0.04 2.5
Occupants 30 pax 0.46 13.8
Total Absorption, A 82.17
Reverberation Time, RT = (0.16 x V)/A
= (0.16 x 732.8)82.17
= 1.43s
The reverberation time for digital lab at 500 Hz during peak hours with 30 people inside the
space is 1.43s. This doesn’t meet the comfort reverberation time in between 0.5-1s of
standard digital lab comfort reverberation time. Yet it is close to the comfort reverberation time
where more fabric texture material can be install or place in the digital lab perhaps replacing
timber furniture with fabric texture furniture.
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Material absorption coefficient in 2000 Hz at peak hour with 60 people in the space.
Building Component
Material Area, S/m2 Absorption Coefficient
in 2000Hz,a Sound Absorption, Sa
Wall Concrete Brick Wall 92 0.05 4.6
Glass Panel 140 0.10 14
Floor Carpet 183.2 0.14 25.65
Door Plywood 3.78 0.24 0.91
Curtain Fabric 140 0.37 51.8
Ceiling Plaster Finish 183.2 0.04 7.328
Furniture Timber 60 0.10 6
Occupants 60 pax 0.51 30.6
Total Absorption, A 140.888
Reverberation Time, RT = (0.16 x V)/A
= (0.16 x 732.8)140.888
= 0.83s
The reverberation time for digital lab at 2000 Hz during peak hours with 60 people inside the
space is 0.83s, This is in the comfort reverberation time in between 0.5-1s of standard digital
lab comfort reverberation time.
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3.3 Transmission Loss
3.3.1 Workshop Cubicle 4
Building Component
Material Surface Areas, m
2 SRI (dB) Transmission
Coefficient, T
Wall Concrete with paint
110.36 44 3.98 x 10-5
Glass panel 64 26 2.51 x 10-3
Door Plywood 1.89 31 7.94 x 10-4
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a.) Wall – Concrete with paint
SRI concrete with paint = 10 log10 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
44 = 10log10 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
antilog4.4=1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
T concrete = 1
25118.86432
=3.98 x 10-5
b.) Wall – Glass panel
SRI glass panel = 10 log10 1
𝑇 𝐺𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
26 = 10 log10 1
𝑇 𝐺𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
antilog 2.6 = 1
𝑇 𝐺𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
T Glass = 1
398.1071706
=2.51 x 10-3
c.) Door – Plywood
SRI Plywood = 10log10 1
𝑇 𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑
31 = 10log10 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
antilog 3.1 = 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
T plywood = 1
1258.9254
=7.94 x 10-4
Tav = ∑(𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖𝑏 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡)
∑𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
=(110.36 x 3.98x10−5) + (64 x 2.51x10−3) + (1.89 x 7.94x10−4)
110.36+64+1.89
=0.0044 +0.16+ 0.0015
176.25
=0.1659
176.25
=9.41 x 10-4
Overall SRI = 10 log10 1
𝑇𝑎𝑣
= 10 log10 1
7.94 𝑥 10−4
=31dB
Assume the sound pressure level in the workshop cubicle 4 to be 70dB
70dB – 31dB = 39dB
The overall transmission loss from workshop cubicle towards other space is 31 dB. The
sound that is transmitted through building components such as wall and door is approximately
39dB. According to the noise criteria environment perception, 39dB is the category that
similar to the whisper, still acceptable but preferable to be improve or enhance it.
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3.3.1 Café
Building Component
Material Surface Areas, m
2 SRI (dB) Transmission
Coefficient, T
Wall Concrete with paint
44.8 44 3.98 x 10-5
Glass panel 65.2 26 2.51 x 10-3
Door Plywood 3.78 31 7.94 x 10-4
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a.) Wall – Concrete with paint
SRI concrete with paint = 10 log10 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
44 = 10log10 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
antilog4.4=1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
T concrete = 1
25118.86432
=3.98 x 10-5
b.) Wall – Glass panel
SRI glass panel = 10 log10 1
𝑇 𝐺𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
26 = 10 log10 1
𝑇 𝐺𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
antilog 2.6 = 1
𝑇 𝐺𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
T Glass = 1
398.1071706
=2.51 x 10-3
c.) Door – Plywood
SRI Plywood = 10log10 1
𝑇 𝑝𝑙𝑦𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑
31 = 10log10 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
antilog 3.1 = 1
𝑇 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
T plywood = 1
1258.9254
=7.94 x 10-4
Tav = ∑(𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑥 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑖𝑏 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡)
∑𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
=(44.8 x 3.98x10−5) + (65.2 x 2.51x10−3) + (3.78 x 7.94x10−4)
44.8+65.2+3.78
=0.0018 + 0.1637+0.003
113.78
=0.1685
113.78
=1.48 x 10-3
Overall SRI = 10 log10 1
𝑇𝑎𝑣
= 10 log10 1
1.48 x 10−3
=28.29dB
Assume the sound pressure level in the workshop cubicle 4 to be 75dB
75dB – 28.29dB = 46.71dB
The overall transmission loss from café towards other space is 28.29dB. The sound that is
transmitted through building components such as wall and door is approximately 46.71dB.
According to the noise criteria environment perception, 46.71dB is the category similar to the
noise of normal living talking or radio in the background. It is unpleasant experience for those
user especially book reader to read book in the café, more fabric or acoustic barrier could be
install around the café to enhance and improve it.
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4.0 References
Eberhard sengpiel. (2016). Sengpielaudiocom. Retrieved 4 July, 2016, from
http://www.sengpielaudio.com/TableOfSoundPressureLevels.htm
Philips. (2016). Philipscom. Retrieved 4 July, 2016, from
http://download.p4c.philips.com/lfb/c/comf-2530/comf-2530_pss_en_aa_001.pdf
Philips. (2016). Philips. Retrieved 8 July, 2016, from http://www.philips.com.my/c-m-
li/choose-a-bulb/need-help
Cityueduhk. (2016). Cityueduhk. Retrieved 10 July, 2016, from
http://personal.cityu.edu.hk/~bsapplec/lumen.htm
Pioneerlightingcom. (2016). Pioneerlightingcom. Retrieved 10 July, 2016, from
http://www.pioneerlighting.com/new/pdfs/IESLuxLevel.pdf
Nplcouk. (2016). Nplcouk. Retrieved 10 July, 2016, from
http://www.kayelaby.npl.co.uk/general_physics/2_4/2_4_4.html