www.aerobicrice.in

Dr. H. E. SHASHIDHAR Professor & Univ. Head, Genetics & Plant Breeding Department of Plant Biotechnology UAS, Bangalore

Breeding for Drought Resistance in Rice Based on Whole-plant

Architecture

6/18/2014 IPPN Presentaion

6/18/2014 IPPN Presentaion

6/18/2014 IPPN Presentaion

“Whole-Plant” Breeding • Plant Breeding in ‘totality’

• Give roots due credit as they – Support & Nourish – Open up new soil profiles for future civilizations – First line of defense against nematodes, bacteria,

fungi & root grubs, etc. – Roots control shoots – Manifest “Feed-Forward Response” – Reallocate resources as required

Whole Plant Architecture

10 cm

EBTC Biotech Mission 2012 12

Diversity for whole plant architecture

Soya Bean

Horsegram

Peanut

Pigeon Pea

Bengal Gram

Rice

Sunflower

Maize

Ragi

Dehydrins

Root Morphology ABA Antheis Silking Interval

Stay Green

DREB 2

Carbon Isotope Discrimination Ratio

Permanent Wilting Point

Cell Elongation

Leaf Drying

Water Use Efficiency

Tip Firing

Flowering Delay

Leaf Water Potential

Stomatal Conductance

Weed Competitiveness

Heat Shock Proteins

Cell Wall Proteins

Seedling Vigor

Deep Root

Reactive Oxygen Scavenging Leaf Rolling

Stomatal Regulation

Earliness

Electrolyte Leakage

Osmotic Adjustment

Grain Yield

Nitrogen Use Efficiency

O18 C13

Epicuticular Wax

What to Select for?

ROOTS

GRAIN YIELD

BIOMASS

Water Budgeting to represent “Target Population of Habitats”

Selection: When/Where/Who

• Not to early in the segregating generations • Reject first and select later • Simultaneously select for traits in field and

green house • Involve farmers in selection • Drought-ready genotype is the target

Introduction to ARB 6 Aerobic Rice

Manifests a high degree of drought resistance Bred under direct seeded and aerobic conditions

Has deep root system and fast growth

Extracts water from deeper layers when subjected to stress

Medium duration and MS grain type

No penalty on yield under well-watered condition

Aerobic rice : Anagha (BI-33)

Hybrid Aerobic Rice: Network Project Proposal Borrowed from Dr. Dave Mackill

IRRI, Philippines

Hybrid Aerobic Rice: Network Project Proposal

Borrowed from Dr. Arvind Kumar IRRI, Philippines

22 Dept. of Biotechnology 24/12/2011

Rate of water uptake (g/day)* g/

day

23 Dept. of Biotechnology 24/12/2011

Crop Canopy Air temperature Difference (CCATD) of many Rice Varieties

• Confirms BI-33 is drought tolerant variety • Pokkali too can survive under drought conditions

VARIETIES OF INTEREST

6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

SUBERIN DEPOSITION

Ex – Exodermis En - Endodermis

6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

XYLEM SAP TRANSLOCATION

Schematic Representation of Methodology

Shoot cut and covered with paper

6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

02468

101214161820

Pokkali BI-33 IR-20 Jaya

Pass

age

cell

No.

Drought

Ex.

En.

02468

101214161820

Pokkali BI-33 IR-20 Jaya

Pass

age

cell

No.

Salt Ex.

En.

NUMBER OF PASSAGE CELLS

Ex – Exodermis En - Endodermis

6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

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JAYA CONTROL

IR-20

POKKALI BI-33

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6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

BI-33 POKKALI

IR-20 JAYA DROUGHT

-

-

- -

-

-

-

-

-

- -

-

-

-

- -

- -

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-

- -

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- 6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion

6/18/2014 5:30:43 PM IPPN Presentaion