Post on 16-Jul-2015
1. Elastic Artery
2. Muscular artery
3. Small Artery < / =2mm
4. Arterioles 20 – 100 microns PR
5. Capillaries 7-8 micron
6. Post capillary venules iflm.
7. Collecting venules
8. Larger veins
Diffusion is not effective above 100 micron Venous system – two third of all systemic
blood MC cause of AV fistula congenital high
out put cardiac failure
Fenestrated endothelial lining – renal glomeruli ,hepatocyte cords
Endothelium highly impermeable in brain Atherosclerosis cause half of all deaths in western
world Between the ages of 40 and 60 – incidence of MI is
5 fold high After menopause risk exceeds in females than in
men Statins inhibits 1. HMGCoA reductase2. CRP level
HTN 60% increased risk for IHD 50% of HTN dies of IHD/CCF 33% dies of shock Prolonged smoking 200% increased risk
for IHD death DM twice chance for MI DM 100% - inc in Gangrene of lower
extremities 20% of cardiac problems arise in the absence
of any risk factors Homocystinemia - > 100 micro mol / L
Fatty streaks Each 1 mm size Coalesce to form 1 cm long Can appear in aortas of infants Present virtually in all children less than 10
years
Atherosclerotic plaque 0.3 – 1.5 cm Impinge on the lumen of the artery White to yellow Red Brown – if thrombosis super imposed
over the surface of ulcerated plaques Patchy lesions On CS – eccentric
SBP> 140 DBP> 90
SBP is more important than DBP 25% of people in general population are
Hypertensive
Essential Hypertension M235T and T174M variants of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene,
Aldosteronoma – Conn’s syndrome 95% of HTN is idiopathic 5% of HTN Malignant Renal Failure ,
Retinal Haemorrhage