Post on 08-Jul-2015
Christian Blais Vice President - ITVice President IT
BELCOBermuda
Challenges & solutions to extending the Smart Grid into Bermuda’s
homes
BermudaBermuda• Settled in 1609, oldest British colonySettled in 1609, oldest British colony• 21 square miles of land mass
700 il ff th t f N th C li• 700 miles off the coast of North Carolina• Sub-tropical climate (50’s – 80’s F)• Insurance, Investments and Tourism• 65,000 residents65,000 residents• Highest per capita income
Hi h t b db d t ti• Highest broadband penetration
Bermuda Electric Light Co LtdBermuda Electric Light Co. Ltd.
• Founded in 1906• Founded in 1906• Investor owned
350 l• 350 employees• 36,000 customers – sole provider
160 MW it• 160 MW capacity• 12 diesel and 7 gas turbine generators• North American standard of 120v, 60 cycles• kWh costs 4-6 times the typical cost in USA
( 40¢)(~40¢)
Metering backgroundMetering background• Traditionally based on 3 different mechanical Traditionally based on 3 different mechanical
meter manufacturers• Started AMR deployment in 2005Started AMR deployment in 2005• ~50% of meters replaced with AMR• Deployment paused in 2007 due to AMI• Deployment paused in 2007 due to AMI• Initial drivers:-
Meter accuracy- Meter accuracy- Access
Reading efficiency- Reading efficiency
Present status of AMI projectPresent status of AMI project
T ti t t ith 900MH RF h• Testing smart meters with 900MHz RF mesh
• Pilot integration with Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS)
• Evaluating telecommunications optionsg p• Upgraded CIS – preparing for MDM• Enterprise Data Management implementation• Enterprise Data Management implementation• Regulatory discussions on priorities and
funding optionsfunding options
Regulatory prioritiesRegulatory priorities
C t t d • Customer empowerment and energy efficiency/conservation:
C d- Consumption data- Dynamic rate structures- Net metering- Demand response and DSMDemand response and DSM- Load curtailment
Challenges mixed returnsChallenges – mixed returns
Source:MIT “Future of the Electric Grid”
ChallengesChallenges
E i t b l• Economic turbulence• F.U.D. regarding Smart Meters:
- Health risks from RF emissions- Breach of privacyBreach of privacy- Enabling surveillance and spying
S it i k- Security risks- Increased consumption readings
Other considerations dataOther considerations - data
Data estimatesData estimates
I di ti f th j t Indications from other projects e.g.• UK’s smart metering – 44m homes x 2 reads
d 32 b ll l dper day = 32 billion annual data events• At Austin Energy 500,000 smart meters at
15 minute reads = 200TB annually• 400MB per meter per year
…..Approximately 15TB per year in Bermuda
Metering & sub meteringMetering & sub-meteringLEVEL I LEVEL II LEVEL IIILEVEL I
Appliance Usage Monitor
LEVEL IIMetering Monitor
LEVEL IIIHome Energy
Management System(HEMS)
Plug-in to a device or appliance and monitor consumption by kWh or $$$’s e.g. Kill-A-Watt:
Connect to utility meter and monitor household consumption by kWh or $$$’s. Also upload information to PC or web e.g. The Energy Detective (TED):
Connect to meter and appliance to monitor appliance and household consumption, automation, configuration and participate in utility pricing events and DR/load
t il t T d ilcurtailment e.g. Tendril:
Sub metering & HEMSSub-metering & HEMS
C ti d t b li• Consumption data by appliance• A gateway to targeted load curtailment:
- Water heaters- Pool pumpsPool pumps- Refrigeration
A/C ???- A/C ???• Evolution from HEMS to home automation
HEMS a crowded marketHEMS – a crowded market…
Meter communicationsMeter communications
T ti ith RF h NAN b kh l • Testing with RF mesh NAN – backhaul over cellular (3G) networks
l f• Evaluate impact of:- Long Term Evolution (LTE)- WiMax- Fibre-To-The-HomeFibre To The Home- Carrier based versus private?
l h l d• Regulatory changes in telecoms industry
Communications AssumptionsCommunications AssumptionsRequirementsRequirements
Capacity • Normal condition - ~0.20 MB per hour/300 smart meters• Critical/disaster condition – ~2.50 MB per hour/300 smart meters
Message Latency • < 5 seconds for real-time smart meter operations
Coverage • Island-wide available although meter positioning can be an issueCoverage g p g
Reliability • > 98% for smart meter operations
Security • Comply with NIST IR 7628 security guidelines
Communications optionsCommunications options3G RF Mesh PLC
Network Type Operator managed WAN Utility deployed and operated
Utility deployed and operated
Topology Cellular Star, tree and mesh Power line
Spectrum Licensed Unlicensed Power line
Data Rate 1 Mbps Up to 100+ Kbps Up to 100+ Kbps
Latency < 1 sec 1 – 60 sec < 1 sec
Coverage Island wide although k
Up to ~50m Up to several Km’s with d i d t tsome weak areas decreasing data rate
Reliability > 99% successful link establishment
Product and design specific
Dependent on power line quality
Security Application layer security can ensure end-to-end protection
Communications optionsCommunications options3G RF Mesh PLC
Ease of network install & operation
• carrier maintained• strong market driving lower costs
• Utility deployed and operated • Utility deployed and operated
Lifetime • mature technology• still being deployed
• Immature technology• Proprietary with no other known use-cases
• dependent on long-term technology momentum
Capacity & performance
• high capacity with 2+ Mbps data rate today
• low capacity/data rate• performance dependent on
• low data rate that degrades over distanceperformance data rate today
• superior latency performanceperformance dependent on
network designover distance
Low interference with other networks
• licensing of spectrum protects from interference
• Unlicensed spectrum shared by cordless phones, baby monitors, upcoming 802.11ah etc
• possible interference with wireless technologies
etc.
Voice & data availability
• can utilize existing network agreements
• not available • not available
Strong Intermediate Weak / Not supported
Cost comparison e gCost comparison e.g.
Benefits customerBenefits – customerEnhanced customer experience enabling:Enhanced customer experience enabling:• Bill-to-date, web presentment, enhanced
move-in/move-out etc.move in/move out etc.• Pre-payment, enhanced budget billing etc.
S it tifi ti• Security notifications• Faster restoration and improved prioritization
….however, the financial returns are hard to quantifyquantify….
Benefits utilityBenefits - utility• Data, data, data…..Data, data, data…..• Improved customer service
O t t• Outage management• Financial optimization
- Rapid service activation/deactivation- theft mitigation (MDA)theft mitigation (MDA)- flexibility (TOU, Pre-Pay, set & forget)
l ti t t/- real-time cost management/recovery
AMI – evolving capabilitiesAMI – evolving capabilities
Keys to successKeys to success• Customer engagement is critical through education and
d t di f th b fit Di l th F U D !understanding of the benefits. Dispel the F.U.D.!
• Commitment and support from all levels of the organization as many business units must collaborateorganization as many business units must collaborate
• Data & telecoms architecture - invest the effort in the up-front analysis to get this right – after the fact will be p y g gexpensive
• Policy definition. understanding of legal and regulatory requirements economies may form around the datarequirements – economies may form around the data
• Process re-engineering. Situational awareness will drive the evolution from reactive to proactive business pprocesses
“It is a very sad thing that nowadays there is so little useless information”
…….quipped Oscar Wilde in 1894.23