Biodiversity and sustainable exploitation of marine biological resources

Jean-Yves PERROTIFREMER

Biodiversity and sustainable exploitation of marine biological resources

INTRODUCTION

Giuseppe Arcimboldo, 1527-1593

Ecology

Species

GeneticFrom B. ChevassusMNHN, Paris

Three levels in biodiversity

The marine ecosystem

Mytilids, worms and bacteria by 1700m depthIfremer

A bathial scene by 600m depthWhitman college

Source: Sainsbury 2004

Red tides by dinoflagellatesUnprocessed wastes

Crepidula from N-E America (GB, 1872)

Rapana from the Pacific(Black Sea, 1940)

Ocinebrellus from Korea(France, 1995)

Mnemiopsis from America(Black sea, 1980)

Global resources from fisheries reached a plateau since 1985Includes inland productions

Collapse of peruvian anchovy

Aqua-culture

Fisheries

1950

60

From FAO : The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2004

Mill

ions

tons

Small pelagic share increases

Stock deterioration

Technology developments 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 1955 1960

0

20

40

80

140

120

100

Aquaculture share increases

Fish stocks are exploited at their maximum

{ 7755%%

50 %

Source : FAO (Garcia, Grainger & De Leiva, 2004)

40 30 20 10 0

R

D

O

F

M

U

1% : Recovering

7% : Depleted

16% : Overexploited

52% : Fully exploited

21% : Moderately exploited

3% : Underexploited

Biodiversity studies need sea- and land-based infrastructures

Thank you for your attention!