Beliefs & Choices About Motivation

You need your clicker!

Part 1. What Works for Youas a Student

1. I like a class more if the readings, activities, and assignments are interesting in themselves.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

1. I like a class more if the readings, activities, and assignments are interesting in themselves.

• High intrinsic motivation

2. I work harder and enjoy a class more when I want to learn the content, especially if it will be

useful in my future.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

2. I work harder and enjoy a class more when I want to learn the content, especially if it will be

useful in my future.

• Mastery goal• High value

3. I learn better when I feel connected to the teacher and other students, and when I don’t feel

uncomfortable or unpopular.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

3. I learn better when I feel connected to the teacher and other students, and when I don’t feel

uncomfortable or unpopular.

• Need for affiliation met• Need for relatedness/intimacy met• Need for safety met • Low debilitating anxiety

4. I like knowing that I can do what’s expected of me. I may have to work hard, but I know I can do it

eventually.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

4. I like knowing that I can do what’s expected of me. I may have to work hard, but I know I can do it

eventually.

• High expectancy• High self-efficacy• Need for self-determination met

5. I like challenge, but not too much. It keeps me focused, but not freaked out.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

• Facilitating anxiety• Wobbly Place (ZPD)

5. I like challenge, but not too much. It keeps me focused, but not freaked out.

6. It's OK to make mistakes, because I learn from them. It's OK to look ignorant or unskilled in front

of others, because I'm still learning.

Strongly

Agree Agree

Neutral

Disagre

e

Strongly

Disagre

e

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

• Wobbly Place (ZPD)• Mastery goal• Need for safety met

6. It's OK to make mistakes, because I learn from them. It's OK to look ignorant or unskilled in front

of others, because I'm still learning.

7. I give myself credit for my success. I’m smart enough, I worked hard, and I can do that again. If I fail, I can work

harder or try a different approach next time.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

7. I give myself credit for my success. I’m smart enough, I worked hard, and I can do that again. If I fail, I can work

harder or try a different approach next time.

• Attribution: internal, controlled• Positive self-fulfilling prophecy• Resilient self-efficacy• Need for self-determination met

Part 2. Controversies About Teaching

8. Failure can hurt students’ self-esteem and make them dislike school. So it should be easy for

students to succeed.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

8. Failure can hurt students’ self-esteem and make them dislike school. So it should be easy for

students to succeed.

• Self-efficacy• Debilitating anxiety (Wobbly Place?)

9. Structure and routine can become boring. So a teacher should make every class

unpredictable and exciting.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

9. Structure and routine can become boring. So a teacher should make every class

unpredictable and exciting.• Intrinsic motivation• Need for safety

10. Different students have different personal interests. So it’s very difficult to include students’ interests in activities.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

10. Different students have different personal interests. So it’s very difficult to include students’ interests in activities.

• Intrinsic motivation• Value

11. Students can’t handle responsibility. So a teacher shouldn't give many choices, and should

closely monitor students' work.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

11. Students can’t handle responsibility. So a teacher shouldn't give many choices, and should

closely monitor students' work.

• Need for self-determination• Attribution: external• Metacognition• Learned helplessness

12. Authentic (or realistic) activities can confuse or frustrate students. So a teacher shouldn’t worry if

an activity seems “academic” (or artificial).

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

12. Authentic (or realistic) activities can confuse or frustrate students. So a teacher shouldn’t worry if

an activity seems “academic” (or artificial).

• Value• Debilitating anxiety • Wobbly Place (ZPD)

13. Big, complex ideas can confuse students. So a teacher should simplify the content and only

present small ideas at a time.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

13. Big, complex ideas can confuse students. So a teacher should simplify the content and only

present small ideas at a time.

• Mastery goal• Teaching for understanding

14. Students cheat because they're lazy or immoral. So a teacher should treat cheaters

like criminals and punish them harshly.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

14. Students cheat because they're lazy or immoral. So a teacher should treat cheaters

like criminals and punish them harshly.• Self-efficacy• Performance goal• Self-handicapping

15. A content area is built on fundamental facts and models. So if a student can remember these facts

accurately and use these models correctly, that student has learned.

Strongly

Agree

Agree

Neutra

l

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

0% 0% 0%0%0%

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree

15. A content area is built on fundamental facts and models. So if a student can remember these facts

accurately and use these models correctly, that student has learned.

• Mastery goal

The End