Beechdrops (Epifagus virginiana) are leaflessplants that lack chlorophyll. Beechdrops gettheir nourishment from the roots of beech trees, which reduces the amount of nutrients available to the trees themselves. This interaction is best described as —

A. predatoryB. parasiticC. commensalisticD. mutualistic

CPSCPS

According to this food web, which of these is an omnivore?

A. Caterpillar

B. Mouse

C. Ant

D. Fly larva

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Which molecule provides most of the energy used to drive chemical reactions in cells?

A. DNA

B. RNA

C. ATP

D.ADP

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Light To create

Purpose: Plants use light to create sugars

What is photosynthesis?

The process in which plants convert light energy into chemical energy

(food glucose).

Happens in the chloroplast

Photosynthesis Equation

PHOTOSYNTHESIS EQUATION:

It will be on every quiz and your unit test!Carbon dioxide + water + E → glucose + oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O + E → C6H12O6 + 6O2

(reactants) (products)

Light

Enzymes

light

enzymestakes in produces

ChloroplastChloroplast

ThylakiodThylakiod: sac like membranes

StromaStroma: space between thylakiodsGranaGrana: stack

of thylakiods

Within the chloroplast pictured above are disc like structures arranged in stacks called grana. The stack like membranes contains pigments that absorb light energy. The individual disc-like shaped structures labeled A are called ____.A. chlorophyll

B. thylakoids

C. stroma

D. Golgi apparatus

A

B

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Which word summary word equation best describes a process that directly requires light energy?

A. water + carbon dioxide glucose + oxygen

B. glucose + glucose maltose + water

C. glucose alcohol + carbon dioxide + ATP

D. water + glucose oxygen + carbon dioxide ATP

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Vein

Water enters the plant through the

roots and travels up to the leaf through

the veins.

Water then travels to each cell through a process known as OSMOSIS.

Stomata

Stomata are the little “holes” on a plant leaf that regulates the gas exchange in plants.

Carbon dioxide then travels to each cell through a process known as Diffusion.

Carbon dioxide enters the leaf

through the stomata.

Which structure regulates gas exchange during the processes of photosynthesis and respiration?

A. QB. RC. SD. T

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Products and Reactants in Photosynthesis

Reactants- Carbon Dioxide and Water

Products- Glucose and Oxygen

There is NO ATP gain during photosynthesis! *****Remember the ATP Cycle*****

Light and Pigments

Photosynthesis depends on pigments -proteins that absorb some light and reflect others.Examples: chlorophyll and

carotene

Light and Pigments

Chlorophyll absorbs blue, violet, and red light, but reflects green light. This is why plants are green.

Carotene reflects orange light.

Section 8-3

Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An OverviewPhotosynthesis overview:

(PRODUCTS)

LIGHT

O2Sugars(glucose)

CO2

Light-Dependent Reactions

CalvinCycle

H2O

(REACTANTS)

The 2 Steps to Photosynthesis

1. Light-dependent reactions

2. Calvin Cycle (AKA: Light-independent reactions)

Step 1:Light-Dependent Reactions *requires light*

PurposePurpose: To make oxygen used by other organisms

Location:Location: Thylakoid membranes

Step 1: LDR

Reactants Products

6H2O

Light Energy

6O2

Step 1: LDR

How it works:How it works:

H2O is broken up by light into H+ and O2.

O2 is released through stomata

Step 2: The Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions)

* does not need light*

Purpose:Purpose: To make glucose from CO2

Location:Location: STROMA

Step 2: Calvin cycle

Reactants Products

6CO2 Glucose

Calvin CycleHow it works:How it works:

6 CO2 enter the cycle and are converted into glucose.

With TWO turns of Calvin Cycle, you make ONE glucose.

What are the two steps of Photosynthesis listed in the correct order?

A. Glycolysis & Krebs cycle B. Calvin cycle & L.D.R. C. L.D.R. & Kreb’s cycle D. L.D.R & Calvin cycle

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Which compound is a Which compound is a product of photosynthesis product of photosynthesis and a reactant for cellular and a reactant for cellular respiration?respiration?

A. carbon dioxide

B. water

C. glucose

D. energy

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Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered opposites?A. Photosynthesis produces twice as many

ATP molecules as cellular respiration does.

B. Water is released during photosynthesis and consumed during cellular respiration.

C. Photosynthesis occurs during the day, and cellular respiration occurs at night.

D. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration

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BIG PICTURE

Plants release oxygen Animals bring in oxygen

Plants create glucose Animals eat glucose

Animals breathe out water Plants bring in water

BIG PICTURE Plants and animals work together to create the carbon cycle:

OxygenOxygen

GlucoseGlucose

Carbon Carbon DioxideDioxide

waterwater