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Unit 2 Outline —Chemistry
Chapter 5: Acids & Bases
DAY OUTLINE KEY TERMS
1 5.1 Notes (slides #1-4) (p. 119-120)Assignment: Read p.220-227
Acid/Base Data Booklet w.s. (p. 121)Do Key Terms (p. 117-118)
2 5.1 Notes (slides 5-8) (p. 119-120) 1. AcidsAssignment: Readp.228-233 2. Bases
Do Names & Formulae of Acids & Bases w.s. 3. Indicators
(p. 122) 4. pHRead Acid/Base Lab in preparation fortomorrow
3 Acid/Base Lab
4 5.2 Notes (p. 123) 5. saltsAssignment: Readp.234-243 6. non-metal oxides
Recognizing Acids, Bases and Salts w.s. (p. 124) 7. metal oxidesMetal oxides and Non-metal oxides w.s. (p. 125)
5 5.1 Quiz 8. organic5.3 Notes (p. 126) compoundsAssignment: Readp.244-251 9. inorganicp.25l#1-5,7,8,1O,ll (p. 127 in pckg) compounds
10. hydrocarbons11. alcohols
6 5.3 QuizAssignment: Ch.5 Review p.252-253#l,2,5,6,9,l 1-13,
15-18,19(a,c,e),20(a,c,e),21-23 (p.128-139 in pckg)
5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 Assessment w.s. (p. 130-131)7 Ch.5 Test
Ch.5 Pkg Due
Chapter 5: Acids & Bases - Key Terms
Key Term Definition Example/Graphic
1. Acid
2. Base
3. Indicators
4. pH
5.Salts
6. Non-metal oxides
7. Metal oxides
8. Organic compounds
9. Inorganic compounds
10. Hydrocarbons
11. Alcohols
5.1 Acids and Bases
•
____________
and
_____________
are very common.
• Acids and bases can be very
____________________
and
_________________________________________
try to identify an acid or base by taste or touch!
pH Scale
• The
__________________
of acids and bases is measured on the pH scale
pH below 7 =
_____________
pH 7 =
______________
pH above 7 =
______________
0123456 7 891011121314
Acids Neutral Bases
— Each decrease of 1 on the pH scale indicates
_______________
more acidic
• Eg. pH 4 is 10 X more acidic than pH 5 & pH 3 is 1000X more acidic than pH6
pH Indicators
• The pH of acids and bases
___________________
be determined by sight.
— Instead, pH is measured by other chemicals called
_______________________
— or by a
______________________
that measures the electrical conductivity of the
solution using electrical probes to measure how solutions conduct electricity.
• pH indicators change
___________________
based on the solution they are placed in.
—
____________________________
is the most common indictor.
- 2 colours of litmus paper: Blue = (>7) & Red = (<7).
Acids
• If you know a compound’s , you may be able to identify it as an acid.
— Acids often behave like acids only when dissolved in
__________________
— Therefore, acids are often written with subscript (aq) = = water
• The chemical formula of an acid usually starts with
_______________________________
— Acids with a carbon usually have the C written first.
• HCI = hydrochloric acid, HNO = nitric acid, CH COOH = acetic acid(aq) 3(aq) 3 (aq)
A ...J,
— Hydrogen+...-ide=Hydro...icacid
• HF = hydrogen fluoride = hydrofluoric acid(aq)
— Hydrogen + .. .-ate = . . .ic acid
• H CO = hydrogen carbonate = carbonic acid2 3(aq)
— Hydrogen + .. .-ite = .. .ous acid
• H SO = hydrogen sulphite = sulphurous acid2 3(aq)
Bases
• If you know a compound’s chemical formula, you may be able to identify it as a
______
— Bases, like acids, often behave like bases only when dissolved in
_____________
— Therefore, bases are often written with subscript (aq) = aqueous = water
• The chemical formula of a base usually ends with
________________________________
• Examples of common bases: NaOH , Mg(OH) , Ca(OH) , NH OH(aq) 2(aq) 2(aq) 4 (aq)
Production of Ions
• Acids and bases can conduct electricity because they release
____________
in solution.
+
— Acids release
______________________
ions, H(aq)
— Bases release
______________________ions
OH(aq)
• The pH of a solution refers to the
________________________
of ions it has.
+
— Square brackets are used to signify concentration, [H 1. [OH(aq) (aq)
+
• High[H 1= veryacidic(aq)
• High [OH I = , very basic(oq)
+
— A solution
________________
have BOTH high [H I and [OH }; they cancel(aq) (aq)
each other out and form water. This process is called
_______________________
+
LI .L fiLl LI (1
Name:__________________________________ Block:_______
Science 10 5.1 Acid/Base Data Booklet Worksheet
Date:_________
Assignment
Use your data book to answer the following questions.
1. For each of the following, write the corresponding pH values:
a)acid:
_________________________________________
b) base:
_________________________________________
c) neutral:
________________________________________
2. What color is litmus paper in an acidic solution?
__________________
3. What color is bromothymol blue at the following pH levels?
a) pH5:
____________
b) pH7:
____________
c) pH9:
_____________
4. Solution A has a pH of 3. Solution B has a pH of 6.
a) Which solution is more acidic?
___________________
b) How many times more acidic is it?
__________________
5. Complete the following chart:
Indicator Color at pill
Red litmus paper
Blue litmus paper
Color at pH 7 Color at pH 10
6. If methyl red is ORANGE what is the pH range of your solution?
_______________
7. If bromthymol blue is YELLOW and methyl orange is YELLOW what range is you pH
solution?
__________________
8. What color will phenolphthalein be if placed in a bleach solution?
__________________
9. Write the pH value you would expect for each of the following items:
a) milk
___________
d) grapes
___________
b) lemons
___________
e) water
___________
c) soap
__________
f) baking soda
__________
Name:________________________________ Block:_______ Date:_____
Science 10 5.1 Names & Formulae of Acids & Bases
1. a) How can you recognize an acid by its chemical formula?
b) Which acid is an exception to this rule?
2. Complete the following table of acids. The first row has been completed as an example.
Name of Substance Chemical Formula Name of Acid
a) hydrogen suiphide H2S hydrosulphuric acid
b) H2C03
c) phosphoric acid
d) hydrogen chlorate
e) suiphurous acid
f) CH3COOH
g) hydrogen iodide
3. How can you recognize a base by its chemical formula?
4. Complete the following table of acids and bases. Indicate whether each compound is an acid or a base.
Name of Substance Chemical Formula Acid or Base?
a) hydrochloric acid HC1 Acid
b) NaOH
c) hydrogen nitrate
d) magnesium hydroxide
e) chiorous acid
f) NH4OH
Name Date Comprehension
Use with textbook pages 234-239.
Recognizing acids, bases, and salts1. State whether each of the following is an acid, a base, or a salt.
(a) HI (I) A12(S04)3
(b) HBr (m) CH3COOH
(c) KOH (n) Mg(CH3COO)2
(d) HNO3 (o) calcium nitrate
____________________
(e) NaOH (p) sodium chloride
___________________
(f) H2S04 (q) hydrocyanic acid
___________________
(g) H2C03 (r) hydrogen fluoride
___________________
(h) H3P04 (s) barium hydroxide
(i) Na3PO4 (t) hypochlorous acid
___________________
(j) Sr(OH)2 (u) aluminum hydroxide
(k) Ca(OH)2 (v) magnesium carbonate
___________________
2. What acid is present in vinegar?
3. What is the chemical name for table salt?
_________________________
4. What acid is used in automobile batteries?
_________________________
5. What base is found in drain and oven cleaners?
_________________________
6. What base is the active ingredient in some antacids?
_________________________
7. What acid is produced in the stomach to help digest food?
______________________
9flfl FA rw_WIi T ,I+.. Qj
Use with textbook pages 237.
Metal oxides and nonmetal oxides1. What element reacts with a metal or a non-metal to form an oxide?
2. What is a chemical compound that contains a metal chemically combined withoxygen?
3. What is a chemical compound that contains a non-metal chemically combined withoxygen?
4. What happens to a solution when a metal oxide dissolves in water?
5. What happens to a solution when a non-metal oxide dissolves in water?
6. What is formed when a metal oxide reacts with water?
__________________________
7. What is formed when a non-metal oxide reacts with water?
8. Classify each of the following as a metal oxide or a non-metal oxide.
(a) Na20 (e) SO2
(b) B203 (f) BeO
__________________
(c) NO2 (g) ClO
___________________
(d) CaO (h) Li20
9. Indicate whether an acid or a base wilt be produced.
(a)MgO + H20—*
(b) SO3 + H20 -
________________
(c)CaO +
____________
(d) CO2 + H20
AnalyzingInformation
1 ‘)rHQ A,L-HI I 1;,, I+ • A1-iD Q
ithte
xtbo
okpa
ges
220—
229.
ids
and
bas
esM
atch
the
Term
onth
ele
ftw
ithth
ebe
stsc
ript
oron
the
right
.Eac
hD
escr
ipto
rm
aybe
used
only
once
.
A.a
solu
tion
with
ap1-
iof
7B.
can
burn
skin
orey
eson
cont
act
C.nu
mbe
rof
hydr
ogen
ions
ina
spec
ific
volu
me
ofso
lutio
n0.
ach
emic
alco
mpo
und
that
prod
uces
aso
lutio
nwi
tha
pHle
ssth
an7
E.a
num
bers
cale
for
mea
surin
gho
wac
idic
orba
sica
solu
tion
isF.
ach
emic
alco
mpo
und
that
prod
uces
aso
lutio
nw
itha
pHgr
eate
rtha
n7
6.a
chem
ical
that
chan
ges
colo
urde
pend
ing
onth
epH
ofth
eso
lutio
nit
is
___
_____________
plac
ed_i
n
Vhi
chof
the
foll
owin
gde
scri
bes
acid
s?
I.ha
sa
pHof
less
than
7
IT.ca
nco
nduc
tele
ctric
ity
Use
with
text
book
page
s23
4—23
9.
Sal
tsM
atch
the
Term
onth
ele
ftw
ithth
ebe
stC
hem
ical
Form
ula
onth
erig
ht.E
ach
Che
mic
alFo
rmul
am
aybe
used
only
once
.
.
1.w
ater
A.2.
asa
ltB.
NO2
3.a
base
C.M
gCI
4.an
acid
0.N
a20
5.a
met
alox
ide
E.i-i
2CO3
6.a
non-
met
alF.
NH
4OH
oxid
e
7.W
hich
ofth
efo
llow
ing
met
als
ism
ost
reac
tive
?
A.
copp
er
B.
sodi
um
C.fr
anci
um
D.
mag
nesi
um
8.W
hen
non-
met
alox
ides
diss
olve
inw
ater
,th
eso
luti
onbe
com
es
A.b
asic
B.
acid
ic
C.
neut
ral
9.C
arbo
ndi
oxid
efo
rms
whi
chof
the
foll
owin
gin
wat
er?
A.
CO
B.C
O3
C.H
C0
D.H
2C0
3
10.
Wha
tco
effi
cien
tis
need
edfo
rso
dium
hydr
oxid
ein
orde
rto
bala
nce
the
foll
owin
geq
uati
on?
H2S0
4÷
NaO
H-+
Na
2SO4
+H20
A.l
0.3
t.H2C
03
Isan
acid
.
ii.Ba
CO3
isa
base
.
ill.Th
epr
educ
tsof
this
reac
tion
are
asa
ltan
dw
ater
.
A.I
and
IIon
ly
B.I
and
ifi
only
C.II
and
ifi
only
D.I,
U,
and
III
B.2
0.4
Dat
eA
sses
smen
tN
ame
Dat
e
cid
__ba
sene
utra
l_pH
scal
e....
.......c
orro
sive
........
....pH
Indi
cato
r_c
once
ntra
tion
ofid
roge
n
9.W
hath
appe
nsto
the
num
ber
ofH
*af
ter
H2S0
4is
adde
dto
wat
er?
A.it
incr
ease
s
B.it
decr
ease
s
C.it
stay
sth
esa
me
10.
Whi
chof
the
foll
owin
gis
aba
se?
A.K
C1
C.L
iOH
B.H
Br
0.B
NO
3
11.W
hat
isth
ena
me
for
HC
1O
3?
A.ch
lori
cac
id
B.ch
loro
usac
id
C.pe
rchi
oric
acid
D.hy
poch
ioro
usac
id
12.W
hati
sth
ech
emic
alfo
rmul
afo
rsu
lphu
rous
acid
?
A.H
SC.
H,S
03
B.H
SO
0.H2S
O
13.W
hat
isth
epH
ofa
subs
tanc
eth
atca
uses
met
hyl
oran
geto
turn
yell
owan
dm
ethy
lre
dto
turn
red?
A.3
C.6
.5
B.4
.50.8
14.
Whi
chof
the
foll
owin
gw
ould
occu
rif
eggs
wer
ete
sted
wit
hva
riou
spH
indi
cato
rs?
Ass
essm
ent
11.
Hyd
roch
lori
cac
idca
nbe
used
tone
utra
lize
pota
ssiu
mhy
drox
ide.
Wha
tis
the
form
ula
for
the
salt
prod
uced
byth
isne
utra
lizat
ion?
A.H
p
B.K
CI
C.K
C1O
2
0.K
C1O
3
12.
Whi
chre
acta
nts
form
the
salt
FeP
O4
ina
neut
rali
zati
onre
actio
n?
A.P
04
andF
e203
B.H3P
and
Fe(
OH
)3
C.11
20an
dF
e(O
H)
3
0.H3P
04
and
Fe(
OH
)3
Use
the
foll
ow
ing
acid
-bas
eneu
tral
izat
ion
reac
tion
toan
swer
ques
tion
13.
H2C0
3+
Ba(
OH
)2
-*B
aC
O3
+2H20
13.W
hich
ofth
efo
llow
ing
stat
emen
tsis
true
?
IN.pr
oduc
ehy
drox
ide
ions
whe
ndi
ssol
ved
inso
lutio
n
I.in
digo
cam
line
turn
sbl
ue
N.ph
enoi
phth
alei
ntu
rns
pink
Ni.br
omot
hym
oibl
uetu
rns
blue
I.la
nd
IIon
ly
I.I
and
III
only
.II
and
III
only
).I,
U,
and
III
A.la
nd
IIon
ly
B.I
and
]flo
nly
C.U
and
ifi
only
D.1,
11,
and
ifi
MH
R•
Sec
tion
5.1
Aci
ds
and
Base
s@
2508
McG
raw
-Hill
Rye
rson
Lim
ited
94M
HR
•Sec
tion
5.2
Sal
ts20
08M
cGra
w-H
illR
yers
onU
mile
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Name DateAssessment
Use with textbook pages 244-248.
Organic compounds
Using the compound ethane, match the Descriptoron the left with the best Formula I Model thatrepresents ethane on the right. Each Formula I
Model may be used only once.
1.
______
structuralformula
2.
______
molecularformula
3, space-fillingmodel
4.
______
ball-and-stickmodel
7. Which of the following represents analcohol?
A. HH
H” “H
B. H HI I
H—c—c—HI IH CI
C. H H HI I
H—c—c—c—HI I I
Br Br H
0. 1j 1jH—c—c—c—c—OH
I IH H H H
8. Which of the following represents methane,CH4?
I. a
Ill.Iii
H—c—O--—H
A. C2H6
B. H HI I
H—c—c—HI I
I-I I-I
C.
5. What element must always be present in anorganic compound?
A. carbon
B. oxygen
C. chlorine
0. hydrogen
6. Which formula represents a hydrocarbon?
A. HC1O3
B. CH3COOH
C. CH3CH2CH2COOH
D.CH3CH2CH2CI{2CH3
A. I and II only
B. I and ifi only
C. II and III only
0.1, II, and ifi
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