Post on 17-May-2015
ASIAN NATIONALISM
INTRUSIVEAND
EXPLOITIVEWESTERNERS
NATIONALISM
NATIONALISM
Love of country Realization to defend one’s country
against oppressive outsiders Consciousness of a group that they are
unified Connotes pride of one’s race
EAST
CHINA - Rebellions
TAIPING REBELLION BOXER REBELLION
•1850S•China vs. Manchus (Q’ing Dynasty)•Hung Hsiu Ch’uan
new dynasty (T’ai P’ing/ Great Peace)
install Christianity
•1900•Supported Manchus and criticized the Westerners•Goal: to expel Westerners from China•Boxer Harmony Fists vs. Foreigners
CHINA – Ideologies
Democratic Communism
•Sun Yat Sen – Father of the Chinese Republic
3 principles: a. nationalism b. democracy c. people’s livelihood
forging national unity vs. Westerners
•Mao Zedong
Marxism(bourgeoisie or capitalist vs. proletariat or workers)
Chinese Communist Party
CHINA – Ideologies Democratic Communism
•Sun Yat Sen – Father of the Chinese Republic
-equality of land ownership -regulation of capital -avoidance of internal conflict -promotion of progress – compromise and concillation
Republic of China and Nationalist Party/Kuomintang•Chiang Kai Shek
continued what Sun Yat Sen left behind
•Mao Zedong
Chinese Communist Party
CHINA CHIANG KAI
SHEKMAO ZEDONG
UNITED FRONT-set aside their conflict
and fought the Japanese but failled
CIVIL WAR IN CHINA-Kuomintang vs. Communists
(U.S.) (Russian) (Chinese Peasants) -Communists won – People’s Republic of China -Kuomintang failed – Taiwan –Republic of
China
JAPAN
2 STAGES OF WESTERN IMPERIALISM A. TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE -foreign missionaries went to Japan -rejected Christianity
solution: Sakoku Period/Isolation
JAPAN
2 STAGES OF WESTERN IMPERIALISM B. MEIJI RESTORATION (MUTSUHITO) -forcibly opened by Comm. Matthew Perry -Japan responded positively to Westerners modification and modernization a. 1889 Constitution – Germany constitution b. army and navy c. Western scholars to teach Japanese d. Japanese students are sent overseas e. Japanese education – U.S. and European f. allowed Christianity
SOUTH
INDIA
Indians vs. English -exploitation of natural resources and
manpower -abolishment of sati and female
infaticide -Sepoy Rebellion -racial discriminations in the
government -Amritsar Massacre
INDIA – Religion-based is their nationalism
HINDUS MUSLIMS
•1884-1885•Allan Hume•Composed of Hindu professionals whose goal was to regain India’s independence
•1905•Muhammad Ali Jinnah•Goal: a separate state for Muslims
India – Mohandas Gandhi
Hindu; educated in England Advocated for peaceful or non-
violent means to campaign for Indian independence
ahimsa -Jainism concept -”non-violence” He called for satyagraha = “truth-
force”
India – Mohandas Gandhi
He called for: a. prayers b. meditation c. fasting
d. petition e. boycott Indians called him = MAHATMA = Great Soul Assassinated by a Hindu fanatic
India
Declaration of Indian Independence REPUBLIC OF INDIA – August 15, 1947 President: Jawarhalal Nehru
while… Muslim Indians – separate state
Pakistan – August 15, 1947 President: Mohamed Ali
Jinnah
WEST
Under the Ottoman Empire 1918 – After WWI – Westerners were
able to exploit West
Asia Kuwait – 1759 Lebanon – 1926; under French rule Iraq - 1932
SOUTHEAST
PHILIPPINES
PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
TRIBUTE COLLECTION
FORCED LABORMONOPOLIES
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION
ILLUSTRADOS“REFORM/
PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT”
KKK
PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION
FILIPINOS VS.
SPANISH GOVERNMENT
PHILIPPINES
June 12, 1898 = Republic of the Philippines
colonized by U.S.
THAILAND
Escaped colonization but was forced to give some lands to Britain and France
MALAYSIA AND BURMA
Gained independence from English
INDONESIA
Budi Otomo – Nationalist Movement Achmed Sukarno – Nationalist Party of
Indonesia
gained independence from
Dutch
VIETNAM
After WWII…
Under France, turned over to U.S. Vietnam War - U.S. vs. Vietnam War -U.S. failed -1935 – gained Independence – socialist
NORTH VIETNAM
SOUTH VIETNAM
Communist ideologySocialist State
DemocraticCapitalist
NORTH
Mongol Empire – Genghis Khan vs.
Russia and China