Transcript of Aquatic Life Zones: 2 major categories 1.Marine (saltwater) Or 2.Freshwater Types of organisms...
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- Aquatic Life Zones: 2 major categories 1.Marine (saltwater) Or
2.Freshwater Types of organisms determined by: Salinity Temperature
Sunlight availability D.O. (dissolved oxygen) Nutrient
availability
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- Major types of Organisms Plankton: small free-floating
organisms Phytoplankton: plant-like Photosynthetic diatoms,
protists, etc
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- - Zooplankton: animal-like Heterotrophic Protozoans Larvae
Copopods, cnidarians, krilletc. - Ultraplankton : TINY (less than 2
micrometers) includes bacteria
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- Benthos (benthic organisms): bottom dwellers anchor to one
spot, burrow, or walk along bottom
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- Nekton: active swimmers dont follow currents
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- Baleen whales: filter feeders Plates (baleen) hang from upper
jaw filter plankton from water includes: humpbacks and blue
whales
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- Toothed whales: teeth used to bite and chew food includes:orca
(killer whale) and sperm whale
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- Marine Lifezone: Subcategories: * Coastal * Open Ocean (Sea)
euphotic zone bathyal zone abyssal zone
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- Subcategory: Coastal High tide to Continental shelf (Ample
sunlight) high NPP 90% of all marine species
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- 1. Coral reefs: MOST biodiverse areas of all aquatic life zones
The Aquatic Rainforest Hundreds of thousands of coral polyps
excrete CaCO 3 skeletons
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- Grow slowly, disrupted easily: Biggest threat: sediment run-off
Bleaching (even from 1 degree temp increase)
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- Removal (aquariums/jewelry) Pollution Damage (tourists,
anchors, natural disasters) Overfishing Cyanide/dynamite fishing 1
m 2 of reef killed for every fish caught
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- 2. Intertidal zone: shoreline between low and high tide Tides
caused by gravitational pull of moon Organisms adapted to HARSH
conditions
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- 3. Barrier Islands: islands separated from the mainland by a
shallow sound, bay, or lagoon
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- Constantly shifting beaches due to erosion Can be helped with a
jetty
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- Dunes backbone that provides stability Plants hold sand in
place Protect from natural disasters
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- 4. Coastal wetlands: inlets, bays, sounds, Mangrove forest
swamps
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- 5. Estuary: where freshwater meets saltwater (mouth of a
river)
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- Marine Lifezone: Subcategories: * Coastal * Open Ocean (Sea)
euphotic zone bathyal zone abyssal zone
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- Subcategory: Open Ocean 1. Euphotic zone: top Sunlight layer:
phtyoplankton = photosynthesis: HIGH D.O. (dissolved oxygen) and
low dissolved CO 2, big fish and mammals 2. Bathyal zone: middle
Dimly lit little/no producers, zooplankton, smaller fish 3. Abyssal
zone: bottom Dark, cold, little D.O., nutrients on floor
Chemosynthetic bacteria at hydrothermal vents
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