Anwar McEnteeInroads Ltd. Hong Konganwar.mcentee@inroads.com.hkwww.inroads.com.hk

Architecture's for Healthcare

From Dashboards to Analytics

Healthcare architecture and challenges

Healthcare environment – key driver for BI

Architecture and processes to achieve BI sustainability

demos

Practical advice

Dashboards, scorecards

Samples

Q&A

Agenda

Healthcare Architecture of Old

• Difficulty integrating data

• poor data quality + no standards = Data Hazards

• data “silo’d” or sent to “data cemeteries”

• Lack of both HC and IT understanding

• Lengthy implementation times

• Requirements changed (or something has)

• Cost of ownership

• No (straightforward) EA methodology used

Barriers to Applying BI to Healthcare

Healthcare Costs

Healthcare budget $147.7B - $50B for (HIT)

Electronic Health Records (EHR) Adoption

US medical groups' adoption of EHR (2005)

• Will EHR reduce diagnosis errors? it should… BI will emerge as an invaluable macro / micro analysis tool http://www3.ha.org.hk/ppp/ppiepr_a.aspx

Diagnosis

Source: Harvard Risk Management Foundation

* Or at least move in the right direction

From old…

To NEW!

How Do We Start

Enterprise Architecture Layers

Overall business (healthcare) framework; goals, roles, processes, activities, reports - Often mapped to apps and data that will be required.

Describe data structures at rest or in motion, how created, processed, utilized.

Structure and behavior of applications and how they interact (users, apps). How is “knowledge” produced and consumed.

The client and server nodes, networks, access, databases, etc.

Security Architecture - routines and components that secure the architectureGovernance Architecture - operational routines and processes to manage/maintain above architectures.

Business Architecture

• Business process modeling helps differentiate want and need formalize processes

Enterprise Architecture Layers

Overall business framework; goals, roles, processes, activities - Often mapped to apps and data that will be required.

Describe data structures at rest or in motion, how created, processed, utilized.

Structure and behavior of applications and how they interact (users, apps). How is “knowledge” produced and consumed.

The client and server nodes, networks, access, databases, etc.

Business and Data

Data Architecture

• Data collection and integration data governance, MDM, verification, metadata

Data source for sample:http://www.td.gov.hk/en/road_safety/road_traffic_accident_statistics/2008/index.html

1. Data Integration

2. Models

Enterprise Architecture Layers

Overall business framework; goals, roles, processes, activities - Often mapped to apps and data that will be required.

Describe data structures at rest or in motion, how created, processed, utilized.

Structure and behavior of applications and how they interact (users, apps). How is “knowledge” produced and consumed.

The client and server nodes, networks, access, databases, etc.

Application Architecture

• Ease of access• Reporting, analytics, view and go

From Models to Web

Enterprise Architecture Layers

Overall business framework; goals, roles, processes, activities - Often mapped to apps and data that will be required.

Describe data structures at rest or in motion, how created, processed, utilized.

Structure and behavior of applications and how they interact (users, apps). How is “knowledge” produced and consumed.

The client and server nodes, networks, access, databases, etc.

Security Architecture - routines and components that secure the architectureGovernance Architecture - operational routines and processes to manage/maintain above architectures.

Users with different requirements, access, levels

Portal

Extraction Transformation Load (ETL)

Several Sources

Back End System

Healthcare practitioners

Senior Healthcare Management

Health Informatics Professional

Models (data

stores)

Applications and Technology

DRG

OutcomesAMI

Mobile Desktop

Ideal architecture, in design and practice

Conventional Data Warehouse• Heavy upfront architecture, in design and practice• Does not flow with our enterprise architecture design

• Start small, focus on what ails you the most and detail what outcome you want

• Plan for mistakes – small and cheap

Practical Advice – Project Initiation

Proof of Concept!

• PoC, pilot, scale• Pay for services depending on scope, ie work involved

Avoid vendor lock-in, after all its:Your data, Your objectives, Your decision

One cup at a time

• Allot time to model processes, confirm flow, goals• Look for areas to reduce redundancies• Have a scope for the entire organization, but focus on cross

sections

Practical Advice - Business

• Integration – must be able to take in multiple sources and formats• Information freshness; real-time, near real-time or combination• Flexible – add another source• HIMSS, HL7, etc.• Security

Practical Advice - Application

• Delivery – client / clientless, fixed / mobile • Not just reporting, analytical ability• Dashboard to detail – summary to detail• Workflow – match your organization requirements

• Play nice with existing infrastructure• Standards based• Emerging technologies, deliveries, etc• Data warehouse – differentiate is it a nice to have or a need to have• Security

• Provide access to actionable, timely information across the organization.

• Hospital-wide discipline of using data, analyzing information, making decisions and managing performance.

• Better visibility on hospital/clinics’ operations.

• Control costs and improve efficiency – analysis, not just reports.

• Free form analytics – find problems before they find you.

• Free text narrative – semantic search ability (evolving).

Business Intelligence for Healthcare – Key Benefits

• Reporting – structured reports

• Charts – indicators, trends, metrics, benchmarks

• Report – to Excel or PDF

Actionable BI Areas

Dashboards (logical group of metrics or KPI’s)

• i.e. diabetes

• real / near-time to monitor operational activity

• snapshot of current organizational trends

• operational staff

Actionable BI Areas

Disease dashboardSelection of disease type such as Digestive Organ Disease, the value of all indicators change.

Scorecards

• report card; how are the grades (performance) over a period of time

• give measure and accountability – management report

• scorecard tells you how well you are progressing towards meeting organizational objectives

• senior management - government

Actionable BI Areas

External Reports - ScorecardThis report details disease and patient’s age statistics which is requested by Ministry of Healthcare. Automatic every month, no longer a manual process.

Early Visualization

1854 by Dr. John Snow

Fin

Thank you.

Questions?