APA Style Guidelines (5th ed.)

Getting Started

Thanks to Morgan Gresham, Director, and Deb Martin, Assistant, First-Year Composition at Texas Women’s University

Title Page

Title (centered, upper ½ of page, ds) Author’s name (1 ds below title) Institutional affiliation or course identification

(ds below author’s name) Manuscript page header (upper right corner, 1st

2 or 3 words of title, 5 spaces, then page #) Running head

Individual Differences 1

Running head: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN TEXT RECALL

Individual Differences in Text Recall of

Structured and Expository Discourse

Deb Martin

Running Head

Abbreviated title Maximum 50 characters including letters,

punctuation, and spaces Left-justified below manuscript page header Example:

Running head: GENERATION X

Abstract

Brief comprehensive summary 75-120 words Concise Self-contained Nonevaluative Coherent Readable

Note: Manual has specific guidelines for empirical studies, reviewsand theoretical pieces, methodological works, and case studies.

First Page of Text

Includes manuscript page header Full title is centered on the top line of the page DS, only, between title and first line of text

Note. Double space, only, throughout the entire document.

Parenthetical (Within-Text) Citations

Author’s(s’) last name Year of publication Page number (if quoting) Example:

(Kosik, 1999, p. 17)

Parenthetical Citations – Multiple Authors

2 authors – cite both names separated by & Example: (Kosik & Martin, 1999, p. 127)

3-5 authors – cite all authors first time; after first time, use et al. Example: (Wilson et al., 2000)

6 or more authors – cite first author’s name and et al.Example: (Perez et al., 1992)

Parenthetical Citations – Multiple Citations

Multiple sources from same author – chronological order, separated by comma Example: (Burke, 1998, 1999, in press)

Within same year: Example: (Burke, 1998a, 1998b, 1999, in press)

Parenthetical Citations – Multiple Citations Continued

Multiple sources – separated by semicolon, alphabetical order Example: (Burke, 1998; Perez, 1992; Wilhite, 2001)

Personal communication (not included in references)

Example: (T.K. Lutes, personal communication, September 19, 2001)

Review so far…

How many forms does the title take?

-Identify where they are on the title page. What three pieces of information are included

in a citation of a direct quote? Under what circumstance is the author’s name

omitted in a citation? Questions?

Reference List – General Guidelines

On a separate page References (the title) is centered on top line Alphabetical list of works cited If same author cited more than once,

chronologically listed Double spaced Hanging indent Titles of works and volume number in italics

Reference List – Journal Article

Mellers, B. A. (2000). Choice and the relative pleasure of consequences. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 910-924.

Widmer, M., & Ellis, G. D. (1998). The Aristotelian good life model: Integration of values into therapeutic recreation services. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 32(4), 290- 302.

Jones, R. (in press). The new healthcare lexicon. Journal of Health.

Reference List – Book

Noguchi, R. R. (1991). Grammar and the teaching of writing: Limits and possibilities. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.

Allison, M. T., & Schneider, I. E. (Eds.). (2000). Diversity and the recreation profession: Organizational perspectives. State College, PA: Venture.

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Reference List – Book Chapter

Adkins, L. (1998). Feminist theory and economic change. In S. Jackson & J. Jones (Eds.), Contemporary feminist theories (pp. 34-49). Washington Square, NY: New York University.

Reference List – Electronic Media

Whitton, J. (1998, July). Videocounseling for rural teens with epilepsy. Telehealth News, 2(2). Retrieved from http://www. telehealth.net/subscribe/newslettr4a.html.#1

United States Sentencing Commission. (n.d.). 1997 sourcebook of federal sentencing statistics. Retrieved December 8, 1999, from http://www.ussc.gov/ annrpt/ 1997/sbtoc97.htm

Reference List – Electronic Media Continued

Mulroy, D. (2001). The war against grammar. Retrieved June 28, 2001, from http://www2.pct.edu.courses/evara/ ATEG/Mono/Mulroy/War.htm

Questions?

Review of Capitalization

Manuscript page header:

Just the important words

Review of Capitalization

Running head:

ALL CAPITAL LETTERS

Review of Capitalization

Book edition

(ed.)

Person is an editor

(Ed.)

Reducing Bias in Language

Be more specific, not less– Age ranges rather than broad categories– Men and women – rather than generic “mankind”– Avoid the generic “he”– Specific ethnic or racial labeling

Mention differences only when relevant

Be Sensitive to Labels

Respect people’s preferences

Avoid labeling when possibleExample: the depressed, LDs, the elderly

Use “people first” languageExample: people over the age of 65, people with learning disabilities

Standards of Comparison

Be aware of hidden standards that compare the study group to an invisible (standard) group.Example: “culturally deprived” (by what standard?)

Unparallel nouns

Example: man and wife - Instead: husband and wife

Standards of Comparison Continued

Avoid abnormal/normal comparisons

Example: Lesbians and the general public - Instead: Lesbians and women identified as heterosexual

Example: People with disabilities and normal people – Instead: People with disabilities and people without disabilities

Acknowledge Participation

Replace the impersonal term “subjects” with- participants

- individuals

- college students

- children

Reduce Bias in Language

Gender Sexual orientation Racial and ethnic identity Disability Age

LANGUAGE EXERTS A POWERFUL INFLUENCE

For More Information…

American Psychological Association (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Authorwww.apastyle.org

KU Writer’s Roost on the Web: www.writing.ku.edu