AP Human GeographyFinal Project

By: Claudia Opper

Destination:

India

Map of India

Click here to see the map shown below more clearly and to interact with the pinpointed locations

A-W are major citiesX-Z and a-c are

landmarks

Landmarks

The Taj Mahal was built in Agra in 1632 by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan to be the tomb for his wife and children. It is considered the greatest architecture in Indo-Islamic culture. achievement

Mysore Palace (in Mysore, India) contains two meeting halls of the royal court. Additionally, it serves as the home for the royal Wadiyar family of southern India.

Found in New Delhi, the India Gate is a 42 meter tall structure that stands as a memorial for the 70,000 Indian soldiers who died while fighting for the British Army in World War I.

The Golden Temple is found in Amristar today is considered the holiest place of worship for Sikhs. It includes a sacred domed room, a parliament building, and a museum, which can all be explored by a tourist.

Located in the capital city, New Delhi, Qutab Minar was built by Qutab-ud-din Aibak to celebrate victory of Delhi's last reigning Hindu ruler. It stand 73 meters tall.

In the Maharashtra State, the Ajanta Caves contain Buddhist sculptures and paintings. The original caves were adorned in the 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. More decorated caves were added during the Gupta period.

New Delhi

Has been ruled by both Hindu Kings and Muslim Sultans

Seized by the British in 1803 C.E.

British shifted capital from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911

Officially declared Capital of India in 1947 when India gained independence

New Delhi’s Urban Model

Although New Delhi is India’s capital city, when determining its urban model it’s necessary to look at the region of Delhi as a whole.

Delhi follows the Urban Realms Model due to each region having its own political framework, but coming together to create a large metro area.

The central business district is located withinNew Delhi, seeing that it’s the most urban.The surrounding realms have been urbanizedto varying degrees.

When to Travel

Between late October and mid-March

This is after the monsoon season and before temperatures get too high.

I would travel during the month of November to avoid the tourists traveling for December holidays while still enjoying cool temperatures without too much rain.

Getting There

Requirements/Necessities:

Valid passport

Tourist visa

Vaccinations: Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Malaria, Rabies

Arrive by plane

Fly out of Raleigh’s airport (RDU) to New Delhi (DEL) by way of British Airways. This flight only has one stop, which is in London (LHR). It lasts approximately 21 hours. The return flight would use the same airports.

Staying There

Important to avoid drinking water, even water that has reportedly been filtered

Will book hotels and restaurants in advance to make sure they are in safe areas, have good reviews, and provide a variety of experiences

The hotels range in quality and price. Different levels of luxury would be used throughout the trip.

Getting Around

Auto rickshaws and taxis are the preferred method and a cheap method of travel to use in cities.

Trains can be used to travel far distances.

By travelling by train, passengers avoid congested roads.

However, they tend to be overcrowded and out-of-date.

It’s is best to only use them for day trips.

Where to Go and What to Do

Explore places of historical significance in Delhi.

Rajasthan is known for its shopping. Embroidery, painting, shoes, and other crafts can be found by exploring this city.

Learn about Bollywood and also the world’s biggest slum while in Mumbai.

Travel out to Goa to enjoy a relaxed beach portion of the vacation.

See the Taj Mahal in Agra.

Experience Indian religion by visiting the holy cities of Varanasi, Rishikesh and McLeod Ganji.

Trek through the wilderness while exploring Buddhist monasteries in Ladakh.

Take in the rich culture- everywhere!

Approximate Costs

1 US Dollar is currently equivalent to 63.49 Indian Rupee

To fully experience the country I would be spending approximately three weeks, which would give a grand total of $5,700.

Based off of the average of spending $200 per day for lodging, food, and getting around as well as a $1,500 round trip.

Looking at India’s Social, Cultural, and Economic Aspects

Population

As of July 2014, India had an estimated population of 1,236,344,631.

Population growth rate is 1.25%

The below population pyramid demonstrates the large portion of youths

Projected to be the mostpopulous country in the nexttwenty-five years

Demographics

Language

The main language is Hindi, being spoken by 41% of the population. English is the subsidiary official language, which is used in political and commercial matters.

Religion

Major religion is Hindu with Muslim also being a prominent choice of faith http://revisitingindia.com/

2014/01/27/hindi-english-or-nothing-politics-of-indias-

national-languages/

http://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-

9d09a1f4591468e9d3a08779046bcf55?convert_to_webp=true

Demographics (cont’d.)

Gender

Many Indians still possess patriarchal ideas of home and work Leads to women having secondary status

Quality of health care and education is lesser for females

Common for women to be married young and become mothers Average age for first child is nineteen-years-old

Females are treated unfairly legally especially in terms of inheritance and divorce laws

Demographics (cont’d.)

Literacy rates

Have been growing over time

71.2% of the population above fifteen-years-old can read and write 81.3% of males

60.6% of females

Length of education expectancy

12 years for males and 11 years for females

Money given to education

3.8% of GDP

http://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-357753994cbd8e1a605b70ee2e3e0a14?

convert_to_webp=true

Government

Government type

Federal republic with executive, legislative, and judicial branches Composed of 29 states and 7 territories

Legal system is based off of the English model, using common law Separate laws apply to Hindus, Muslims, and

Christians

Universal suffrage for those over 18-years-old

Current head of state

President Pranab Mukherjee (since July 22, 2012)

Above President Mukherjee is pictured

Economy

Currency- Rupee

Currency exchange 1 USD: 63.49 Rupee

GDP and GNP

GDP (2014)- $1,499 per capita

GNP (2013)- $5,350 per capita

Major Economic Bases

Petroleum products, precious stones, machinery, iron and steel, chemical, vehicles, apparel

http://www.pppinindia.com/images/ap_bo_pic4.gif

Agriculture

Ranked second in the world in farm output

In 2007, 60% of the population was employed in agriculture, but this percentage is on the decline

Dominant types of agriculture from the region

Subsistence, organic, and industrial farming

Major agricultural exports

Largest producer of tea, turmeric, black pepper, ginger, milk, and cashew nuts

10% of the world’s fruit comes from India Main fruits are bananas, mangoes, and

sapotas

http://www.fas.usda.gov/sites/default/files/2014-09/india_1.png

Environmental Issues

Growing population, lack of environmental education, massive amounts of deforestation, and booming industries lead to many environmental problems in India

Major litter problem

Water

Lack of access to fresh and/or clean water

Response to Environmental Issues

Turning to alternative energy sources

Solar energy is becoming more and more popular

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Sources_of_electricity_by_InstalledCapacity_2013.png

ArtVisual Art

Historically, influenced by Alexander the Great

Project in Greek-style sculptures

Influenced by Islam conquerors

Introduced iconoclasm

Rangoli

Form of street art used during festivals

Today, Ministry of Culture has implemented programs to support artists

Painting

Many museums display art pieces

Music Always been an important

component of Indian culture

Ever since simple melodies were sung by hill tribes

Commonly use string instruments, wind instruments, drums, and cymbals

Gained prominence in popular culture when used on the Beatles’ album

Western students began listening to it

Music is most commonly linked with film

Almost all movies fit into the American musical genre

Traditional art with Hindu influence shown to the left along

with a classical Indian band shown above. Click here to listen

to classical Indian music and here to listen to modern Indian music from a Bollywood film.

Types of Food

Since the country has such a range in climate and soil type, there is a wide variety of cuisines based on what’s locally available. Common components in cooking, though, are spices and vegetables. The food tends to be rich in color and flavor.

Popular foods include:

Aloos, khichdi, naan, bajji, koottu, pasyaam, vada, chevdo, puri, rice and curries

Native Dress

One of the first civilizations to use cotton clothing

Saris- traditional piece of cloth women wrap around themselves

Wealthy women use silk saris

Majority of women wear cloth saris

Young women tend to wear brighter colors

Although most fashion trends today align with those of western culture, native dress is still used by men in women in traditional and religious ceremonies, such as weddings.

Notable People

Mother Teresa Raj Kapoor

Mahatma Gandhi Ravi Shankar Akbar the Great

Syed Ahmed Khan

Works Cited (Pt. 1)"Ajanta Caves." World Heritage Centre. UNESCO. Web. 17 May 2015.

<http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/242>.

"Health Information for Travelers to India." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 25 July 2014. Web. 18 May 2015. <http%3A%2F%2Fwwwnc.cdc.gov%2Ftravel%2Fdestinations%2Ftraveler%2Fnone%2Findia%3Fs_cid%3Dncezid-dgmq-travel-single-001>.

"History of Delhi." Delhi Tourism. Government of NCT of Delhi. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.delhitourism.gov.in/delhitourism/aboutus/history_of_delhi.jsp>.

"India Gate." Delhi Tourism. Web. 16 May 2015. <http://www.delhitourism.gov.in/delhitourism/tourist_place/india_gate.jsp>.

Karnikowski, Nina. "India for Beginners: What You Need to Know." Traveller. 2 May 2014. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.traveller.com.au/india-for-beginners-what-you-need-to-know-33jw2>.

"Most Famous Landmarks and Cultural Monuments in the World." Nations Online. One World - Nations Online. Web. 16 May 2015. <http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/most_famous_landmarks.htm>.

"Mysore Palace." Mysore Palace. Web. 16 May 2015. <http://www.mysorepalace.gov.in/mysore_palace_history.htm>.

"Taj Mahal." World Heritage Centre. UNESCO. Web. 16 May 2015. <http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/252>.

"Travel Guides to The Golden Temple." Golden Temple Amritsar. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.goldentempleamritsar.org/amritsar-travel-guide,-golden-temple-amritsar-tourist-guide.php>.

Works Cited (Pt. 2)

"Environmental Issues in India." All About India. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://www.all-about-india.com/Environmental-issues-in-India.html>.

Equal? Sign. Digital image. Homegrown. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://homegrown.co.in/ladies-first-why-india-could-benefit-from-looking-to-iceland-for-direction/>.

"Gender Equity Issues in India." Foundation for Sustainable Development. Web. 20 May 2015. <http://www.fsdinternational.org/country/india/weissues>.

"GNI per Capita." The World Bank. 2015. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.PP.CD>.

"India Economic System." Business Map of India. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://business.mapsofindia.com/india-economy/system.html>.

"India." The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency, 20 May 2015. Web. 20 May 2015. <https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in.html>.

Works Cited (Pt. 3)

"Indian Art & Culture." Art & Culture. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://india.gov.in/topics/art-culture>.

"Indian Clothing Styles." USTAV Fashion. 2014. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://www.utsavfashion.com/online/indian-clothes>.

"Indian Music." Manas: Culture, Music of India. Web. 22 May 2015. <https://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/Culture/Music/Music.html>.

Media Citations (Pt. 1)Ajanta Caves. Digital image. Wonder Mondo. 18 Mar. 2009. Web. 16 May 2015.

<http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/As/India/Maharashtra/Ajanta.htm>.

Baumgarten, Robin. Indian Street Market Chaos. Digital image. Flickr. Yahoo! Web. 17 May 2015. <https://www.flickr.com/photos/robinbaumgarten/8402189946/>.

Flag of India. Digital image. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_India.svg>.

Food in India. Digital image. Food In Other Cultures. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://othercultures.weebly.com/india.html>.

"The Golden Temple." World Religions Professor. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.world-religions-professor.com/goldentemple.html>.

India Skyline. Digital image. Dolphin Travel India. Web. 16 May 2015. <http://www.dolphintravelindia.com/about-us-2/>.

JC Residency Madurai. Digital image. JC Residency Hotels & Resorts. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://hotels.eglobe-solutions.com/jcresidency/booking/detail/7771>.

Map of India. Digital image. Operation World. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.operationworld.org/files/ow/maps/lgmap/indi-MMAP-md.png>.

Media Citations (Pt. 1)Map of Indian Cities. Digital image. Hand Research. Web. 16 May 2015.

Mysore Dasara 2013 Image. Digital image. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mysore_Dasara_2013>.

"New Bike Launch in India HD Desktop Wallpaper." Hdwpics Wallpapers. 2014. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://hdwpics.com/new-bike-launch-in-india-hdw2382294>.

New Delhi. Digital image. The Creativity Workshop in New Delhi. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.creativityworkshop.com/newdelhi.html>.

"North India Tour." Chardham Booking. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.chardhambooking.com/north-india-pilgrimage-tour/north-india-tour>.

Rupees. Digital image. Live Mint. 06 May 2013. Web. 17 May 2015. <http://www.livemint.com/Money/jmhdkfxPmh1QkFx119YikJ/Rupee-trades-higher-on-stronger-Asian-forex-market.html>.

University of Liverpool - Research. Digital image. India Fellowships. Web. 16 May 2015. <https://www.liv.ac.uk/research/liverpool-india-fellowships/>.

US to India Map. Digital image. Sannam S4. 15 Oct. 2012. Web. 16 May 2015. <http://www.sannams4.com/sannam-s4-opens-u-s-office-to-help-north-american-businesses-expand-into-india/>.

Media Citations (Pt. 2)

Equal Sign. Digital image. Homegrown. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://homegrown.co.in/ladies-first-why-india-could-benefit-from-looking-to-iceland-for-direction/>.

Indian Agriculture. Digital image. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://www.livemint.com/Politics/Rz8jV0eXWEs26Zj9hBjRNO/Legal-recognition-to-women-farmers-must-for-Indias-food-se.html>.

India’s Literacy Rate. Digital image. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-357753994cbd8e1a605b70ee2e3e0a14?convert_to_webp=>.

Language Graph. Digital image. Revisiting India. 27 Jan. 2014. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://revisitingindia.com/2014/01/27/hindi-english-or-nothing-politics-of-indias-national-languages/>.

Religious Population Graph. Digital image. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-9d09a1f4591468e9d3a08779046bcf55?convert_to_webp=true>.

Sources of Electricity. Digital image. Wikimedia. Web. 21 May 2015. <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Sources_of_electricity_by_InstalledCapacity_2013.png>.

Media Citations (Pt. 3)

Famous Indians. Digital image. Biography Online. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://www.biographyonline.net/people/indians-top-100.html>.

Hindu Painting. Digital image. Vikrambahl. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://vikrambahl.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/art2.jpg>.

Raj Kapoor Photograph. Digital image. Art Asia. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://artasia.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/1-121320121526261.jpg>.

"Sved Ahmed Khan." AMU. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://www.amu.ac.in/img/pictures/ssah14102012.jpg>.

Traditional Indian Band. Digital image. Chandrakantha. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://chandrakantha.com/articles/indian_music/instrument.jpg>.

Women in Sari. Digital image. Ad Post. Web. 22 May 2015. <http://www.adpost.com/classifieds/upload/uk/clothing_accessories/uk_clothing_accessories.10296.1.jpg>.