Post on 26-Mar-2015
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ANDRE Pascal
Habilitation à diriger les recherches
Spécialité:
Physique des plasmas et électrotechnique
Laboratoires Arc Electrique et Plasmas Thermiques
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1987 Bac C
1992 DEA de Physique (U.B.P)
1995 D.U.
Etude de la composition et des propriétés thermodynamiques des plasmas hors d’équilibre thermodynamique
Université Blaise Pascal, LAEPT.
Directeur de thèse : Pr. A. Lefort
1995-96 Post-doc LAEPT
Bourse d’excellence régionale
1996-97 A.T.E.R.
à l’U.F.R. sciences (U.B.P.)
1997-01 Maître de Conférences
à l’U.F.R. Sciences (U.B.P.) en 63ème section.
Licence E.E.A.
Curriculum Vitae
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SODEBOR, EDF
(Contrat n°: E8360/AEE 2142 ; terminé en 1998)
Real time detection of metallic species and complex organic species in a fluidized bed.
GIAT Industries (Contrat n° DCAL/GO/97.505)
Experimental and theoretical study of a plasma torch igniting gun propellant.
GIAT Industries (Contrat débutant en janvier 2001)
Theoretical study of a low energy plasma
Groupement d’étude des fusibles en moyenne tension
(Schneider Electric, Alstom, Ferraz Shawmut, EDF)
Composition, thermodynamic properties, transport coefficients at thermal equilibrium of Ag, SiO2 mixture.
Industrial Contracts
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University Collaboration
Laboratoire de Sciences des Procédés Céramiques
et de Traitement de Surface UMR 6638 du CNRS, Université de Limoges, 123, avenue Albert Thomas, F 87060 LIMOGES CEDEX
Calculation of the composition, thermodynamic
properties and transport coefficients in plasmas out of
thermal equilibrium.
A.F. Ioffe Phys.-Techn. Inst. Rus. Acad. Sci.
Politechnicheskaya 26, St Petersburg, Russia
Experimental and theoretical study of a discharge with
non-metallic electrodes.
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Co-guiding of students
Ph.D. (With Prof. A. Lefort)
Ondet J. (D.U. 1062, Dec. 98)
Pollutants detection with an I.C.P. torch
Duffour E. (D.U. 1250, Dec. 00)
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
Vacher D. (Juin 02)
Pollutants detection with an I.C.P. torch
Barbara H. (Juin 02)
Continuum radiation
Stages de D.E.A. (4)
Stages CNAM (3)
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Publications in international journals with referee:
21: published
2: submit
Communications in congress: 18
Industrial reports: 3
Publications
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Work Organisation (Directeur A. Lefort)
E.T.C.
André P.
GIAT
D.N.M.L.E
Shkoln’ik S.
IOFFE
I.C.P.
André P.
Faure G.
G.F.M.T.
Bussière W.
André P. (SPCTS)Composition,Transport Coef.
Faure G.Molecular Spectroscopy
Bussière W.Instrumentations:Pressure, Optical, Electrical.
Picard J.P.Capacitor Bank
Duffour E. (LTSP)Molecular DynamicMeasurementsVacher D.ICP MeasurementsFluidized-bedRochette D. (LMA)Modelisation
Barbara H.Continuum radiation
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Plasma :
• gas high temperature
•ions, electrons, neutral particles
Translational temperature:
Electrons mobility >> Heavy species mobility
Te->>Th
Boltzmann distribution:
Electronic excitation level: Tex
Rotational level : Trot
Vibrational level: Tvib
Plasma out of thermal equilibrium.(with SPCTS, Limoges)
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Plasma out of thermal equilibrium.(with SPCTS, Limoges)
Composition calculation (SPCTS, Limoges)
1. Collisionnal radiative model
2. Van de Sanden et al (new function)
3. Potapov (Gibbs Free Energy minimisation)
4. Richley-Tuma (pseudo-kinetic)
5. T*
Theorem H de Boltzmann
Second law of thermodynamic
Gradients, applied forces+Stable in time
Gibbs energy minimisation Idem as Giordano
Application
Plasma Coupled Inductively
Discharge with Liquid Non-Metallic Electrodes
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Transport Coefficients
V. Rat : D.U. 5 juillet 2001 à Limoges
Bracket Integrals: A, B, A’, B’
Plasma out of thermal equilibrium.(with SPCTS, Limoges)
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Purposes:
•Real time detection
•Avoid calibration
•Fluidized Bed Characterisation
•Control of the combustion
Applications:
•Coal thermal power station (EDF)
•Incinerator
Inductively Coupled Plasma
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Inductively Coupled Plasma
ICP
(64 MHz)
Oven (1000 K)
Spectrometer
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Inductively Coupled Plasma
500 W, (Ar+CuSO4, 5 H2O) 1300 W, (Ar+CuSO4, 5 H2O)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
300 500 700 900 1100
Cu 521 nm.
Ar 518 nm.
Ar 516 nm.
Cu 515 nm.
Cu 510 nm.
Pixels
Inte
nsity
(a.
u.)
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
300 500 700 900 1100
Cu 521 nm.
Ar 518 nm.
Ar 516 nm.
Cu 515 nm.
Cu 510 nm.
Pixels
Inte
nsity
(a.
u.)
10-8
10-5
10-2
101
104
4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Ar 516.22 nm
Ar 518.77 nm.
Cu 515.35 nm
Cu 521.35 nm
Cu 510.55 nm
Temperature (K)
Vo
lum
etr
ic e
mis
sio
n c
oe
ffic
ien
t (
W m
-3 s
r-1)
10-8
10-5
10-2
101
104
4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Ar 516.22 nm
Ar 518.77 nm.
Cu 515.35 nm
Cu 521.35 nm
Cu 510.55 nm
Heavy Species Temperature (K)
Vol
umet
ric
em
issi
on
coef
ficie
nt (
W m
-3 s
r-1)
Te/Th=1 Te/Th=1.5
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Inductively Coupled Plasma
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
500 700 900 1100 1300 1500
Power (W)
Exc
itatio
nal T
empe
ratu
re (
K)
Excitational Temperature
(510, 515, 521 nm)
Thermal non-equilibrium parameter (Te/Th)
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 9500
Excitational Temperature (K)
=T
e/Th
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Inductively Coupled Plasma
0
0.5x107
1.0x107
1.5x107
2.0x107
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
49.6/50.4
40/60
80/20
E=9.43 106 (J/kg)
Temperature (K)
Ent
halp
y (J
/kg
)
N2/O2
(% molaire)
Measured Temperatures Obtained Temperatures
40/60 4010 +/- 350 K 3800 K
49,6/50,4 3960 +/- 350 K 3900 K
80/20 4810 +/- 250 K Reference Temperature
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Inductively Coupled Plasma
Perspectives:
Vacher D.: D.U. Juin 02
Fundamental •Energy transfert
•Fluidized-Bed characterisation (+CNAM)
Application • Mixture of plastic
• Animal flour
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Discharge with Liquid Non-Metallic Electrodes
(With Ioffe inst., St Petersbourg)
-U
01
32
5R0
4
h L
-U0
1. Metallic current leads
2. Ceramics chutes
3. Tap water streams
4. Moveable probe
5. Discharge plasma
•Self-maintained discharges
•Volumetric (diffuse) form
•Atmospheric pressure
•Out of thermal equilibrium
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0
2000
4000
6000
0 2 4 6
Trot
Tvib
Z, mm
Te
mp
era
ture
(K
)
Spectroscopic Measurements (N2 C3u )
Discharge with Liquid Non-Metallic Electrodes
(With Ioffe inst., St Petersbourg)
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Discharge with Liquid Non-Metallic Electrodes
(With Ioffe inst., St Petersbourg)
Probe measurements
Plasma potential distribution I65 mA, L6 mm (cylindrical probe).
1 - Water cathode
2 - Water anode
Probe characteristicsflat probe faced to the cathode
Ion branches of probe characteristics nions
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Probe measurements +Microwave sounding
nc (1.52.0)1018 m‑3 near the cathode
na (0.91.2)1018 m‑3 near the anode
1014
1016
1018
1020
1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400
=2.25
=3.25=3.5
1.5 1018
2 10181.2 1018
9 1017
=3
=2
=1.5
=2.5
=1
Heavy Species Temperature (K)
Ele
ctro
ns
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n (
m-3
)
Discharge with Liquid Non-Metallic Electrodes
(With Ioffe inst., St Petersbourg)
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Perspectives
•Add copper : Tex
•Electrical conductivity out of thermal
equilibrium
•Heat the water
Near the anode : 3.2
Near the cathode: 2.2
Discharge with Liquid Non-Metallic Electrodes
(With Ioffe inst., St Petersbourg)
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Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
Purpose:
Ignite the propulsive powder by plasma
i n d u s t r i e sG I A T
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Tests before real bomb tests
Axial Projection Radial Projection
Pressure, Spectroscopy, Current, Tension
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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PE; Vinit = 340 V
-300
0
300
600
900
1200
-0.002 0.002 0.006 0.010-100
100
300
500
Tension
Current
Time (s)
Cu
rre
nt
(A)
Te
nsi
on
(V
)
-300
300
900
1500
-0.002 0.002 0.006 0.010
0
200
400
Current
Tension
Time (s)
Cu
rre
nt
(A)
Te
nsi
on
(V
)
POM; Vinit= 340 V
10-6
10-4
10-2
100
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
PE
POM5 kg/m3
1kg/m3
0.25 kg/m3
0.05 kg/m3
0.05 kg/m3
5 kg/m3
1kg/m3
0.25 kg/m3
Temperature (K)
Mol
ar F
ract
ion
Graphite fraction Electrical set up
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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Pressure
-20
20
60
100
-0.002 0.002 0.006 0.010
Time (s)
Pre
ssur
e (B
ars)
-20
20
60
100
-0.002 0.002 0.006 0.010
Time (s)
Pre
ssur
e (B
ars)
PE; Vinit = 340 V POM; Vinit= 340 V
104
105
106
107
108
109
1000 5000 9000 13000 17000
5 kg/m3
0.25 kg/m3
1 kg/m3
0.05 kg/m3
Temperature (K)
Pre
ssur
e (
Pa
)
105
106
107
108
1000 5000 9000 13000 17000
viriel
Pression
Debye Huckel
Temperature (K)
Pre
ssu
re (
Pa
)
PE: 1kg/m3
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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Temperature from copper spectral lines
Spectra from 430 to 530 nm.
Time ~ 1.14 ms.
Temperature: ~7000 K to ~10000 K
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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Wall Surface after interaction (M.E.B.)
Copper droplet Expansion of Copper
10-6
10-4
10-2
100
2000 3000 4000 5000
C3
C
C2
C2H
CH2
C4
C5
CH
CuC
2H
2
H
CuH
CH3
C2H
4
Cu2
CH4
C(S)
Cu(l)
Temperature (K)
Mo
lar
Fra
ctio
n
PE+Cu (1%); P=1atm.
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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•Main process during the interaction?
•Composition of plasma ?
•Boundary conditions ?
Molecular dynamic simulation (D.U. Duffour)
•All interactions between atoms
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
(with GIAT industries)
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Perspectives:
Interpretation manipulation
UI internal energy
U/I electrical conductvity
pression, temperature, ablated mass
Micro- plasma : air-bag in cars
Microwave igniter (GORF)
D.M. : pressure, thermal conductivity
Torche modelisation
Cicuit breakers (GEC Alstom) E. Duffour
Plasma interacting with an insulating wall
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Conclusion
Team working together at the LAEPT
Contracts from industries •Schneider Electric,
• Alstom,
•Ferraz Shawmut,
•GIAT.
University Collaborations
G.I.S. du Massif Central: Pôle Matériaux
(16 laboratories)