Post on 01-Jan-2016
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Anatomy for Complete and Partial Dentures
Anatomy for Complete and Partial Dentures
LipsLips
• Vermilion Border– Denture provides lip support
• Affects vermilion border width
• Vermilion Border– Denture provides lip support
• Affects vermilion border width
LipsLips
• Philtrum – Depression below nose
• Philtrum – Depression below nose
LipsLips
• Nasolabial Angle– Angle between columella of nose &
philtrum of lip
– Normally, approximately 90° as viewed in profile
• Nasolabial Angle– Angle between columella of nose &
philtrum of lip
– Normally, approximately 90° as viewed in profile
LipsLips
• Tissue of the Upper Lip– Loose tissue of the upper lip
can be gathered between your thumb and index finger
• Tissue of the Upper Lip– Loose tissue of the upper lip
can be gathered between your thumb and index finger
CheeksCheeks
• Masseter Muscle– Closing muscle bulges into distal corner of
buccal vestibule
– Not active during impression making
• Masseter Muscle– Closing muscle bulges into distal corner of
buccal vestibule
– Not active during impression making
Cross Sectional Shape of Masseter
ClosedOpen
Residual RidgesResidual Ridges
• If ridges are severely resorbed, inform patient– “U”-shape
– “V”-shape
• If ridges are severely resorbed, inform patient– “U”-shape
– “V”-shape
VestibulesVestibules
• If vestibules are shallow, inform the patient• If vestibules are shallow, inform the patient
MaxillaMaxilla
• Maxillary Tuberosities– Oversized
– Resorbed
– Undercut
• Maxillary Tuberosities– Oversized
– Resorbed
– Undercut
MaxillaMaxilla
• Maxillary Tuberosities– Oversized
– Resorbed
– Undercut
• Maxillary Tuberosities– Oversized
– Resorbed
– Undercut
MaxillaMaxilla
• Incisive Papilla– Landmark for setting of teeth
• Incisive Papilla– Landmark for setting of teeth
MaxillaMaxilla
• “Hamular” Notch– Posterior border denture• “Soft displaceable tissue”, for comfort and
retention
• “Hamular” Notch– Posterior border denture• “Soft displaceable tissue”, for comfort and
retention
MaxillaMaxilla• “Hamular” Notch
– Posterior border denture• Between the bony
tuberosity and hamulus
• “Hamular” Notch– Posterior border denture
• Between the bony tuberosity and hamulus
MaxillaMaxilla
• “Hamular” Notch– Posterior border denture
• Sometimes posterior to where the depression in the soft tissue appears
• Use the head of your mirror to palpate the notch & mark with an indelible marker
• “Hamular” Notch– Posterior border denture
• Sometimes posterior to where the depression in the soft tissue appears
• Use the head of your mirror to palpate the notch & mark with an indelible marker
MaxillaMaxilla• Soft Palate
– Vibrating Line• Critical posterior border dentures
• Junction of movable and immovable portions of the soft palate
• Soft Palate– Vibrating Line
• Critical posterior border dentures
• Junction of movable and immovable portions of the soft palate
MaxillaMaxilla
• Glandular Tissue– Soft displaceable
• Glandular Tissue– Soft displaceable
MaxillaMaxilla
• Soft Palate– Fovea Palatine
• Bilateral indentations near midline of the soft palate
• Close to the vibrating line
• Soft Palate– Fovea Palatine
• Bilateral indentations near midline of the soft palate
• Close to the vibrating line
MaxillaMaxilla
• Hard Palate– Median Palatine Raphe (midline palatine
suture)• A bony midline structure• May require relief when covered by a denture
• Hard Palate– Median Palatine Raphe (midline palatine
suture)• A bony midline structure• May require relief when covered by a denture
MaxillaMaxilla
• Torus Palatinus– May require removal
• Torus Palatinus– May require removal
MandibleMandible
• Pear Shaped Pad– Soft pad containing glandular tissue
– Inverted pear shape, posterior border
– Created from scarring after extractions
• Pear Shaped Pad– Soft pad containing glandular tissue
– Inverted pear shape, posterior border
– Created from scarring after extractions
MandibleMandible
• Buccal Shelf– Primary denture bearing area of mandibular
denture– Between height of bridge & external oblique ridge– Resorbs more slowly
• Buccal Shelf– Primary denture bearing area of mandibular
denture– Between height of bridge & external oblique ridge– Resorbs more slowly
MandibleMandible
• Anterior Border of the Ramus– Do not extend dentures to ramus
– Discomfort will result
• Anterior Border of the Ramus– Do not extend dentures to ramus
– Discomfort will result
MandibleMandible
• External Oblique Ridge– Do not extend dentures to this ridge
• External Oblique Ridge– Do not extend dentures to this ridge
MandibleMandible
• Mylohyoid Ridge– Origin of mylohyoid muscle which
influences length of lingual flange
– Can be prominent, and/or sharp, requiring relief
• Mylohyoid Ridge– Origin of mylohyoid muscle which
influences length of lingual flange
– Can be prominent, and/or sharp, requiring relief
MandibleMandible
• Lingual Tori– Raised bony structures – May require relief when covered by a denture– Thin mucosa can ulcerate easily
• Lingual Tori– Raised bony structures – May require relief when covered by a denture– Thin mucosa can ulcerate easily
MandibleMandible
• Genial Tubercles– Attachment for the genioglossus muscle
– Tubercles may be higher than the ridge with severe resorption
• Genial Tubercles– Attachment for the genioglossus muscle
– Tubercles may be higher than the ridge with severe resorption
Frena (singular = frenum)Frena (singular = frenum)
• Must be relieved to allow movement, without impingement
• If prominent, adequate relief can weaken a denture • If too much relief, retention is lost • Check prominence intraorally
• Must be relieved to allow movement, without impingement
• If prominent, adequate relief can weaken a denture • If too much relief, retention is lost • Check prominence intraorally
Pterygo-Mandibular RaphePterygo-Mandibular Raphe
• Connects from the hamulus to the mylohyoid ridge
• When prominent, can cause pain, or loosening
• Requires relief “groove ” if prominent
• Connects from the hamulus to the mylohyoid ridge
• When prominent, can cause pain, or loosening
• Requires relief “groove ” if prominent
Retrozygomal Fossae (Space)Retrozygomal Fossae (Space)
• Palpate zygomatic process in buccal vestibule just buccal to first maxillary molar
• Vestibular space posterior to zygoma
• Palpate zygomatic process in buccal vestibule just buccal to first maxillary molar
• Vestibular space posterior to zygoma
Retrozygomal Fossae (Space)Retrozygomal Fossae (Space)
• Commonly incompletely captured in preliminary impressions
• Use syringe technique
• Commonly incompletely captured in preliminary impressions
• Use syringe technique
Coronoid ProcessCoronoid Process
• Place mirror head lateral to tuberosity
• Move mandible to opposite side
• Note binding or pain
• This gives some indication of the width of the space for flange
• Place mirror head lateral to tuberosity
• Move mandible to opposite side
• Note binding or pain
• This gives some indication of the width of the space for flange