Post on 07-Oct-2020
28 May, 2012
airBalticand SMS
Lauris Mikelsons
VP Quality Assurance
28 May, 2012
BT & RIX development
Quality & Safety management
Summary & Way forward
Overview
28 May, 2012
airBaltic & RIX Development
28 May, 2012
Recent highlights
17 new routes in 2009;
27 new routes in S2010;
Airline of Year 2009/10 in Europe by ERA;
ATW Phoenix Award 2010
2010 in figures (3.2million pax, 69% LF,+16% growth)
The Airline
Pacesetter Award
airBaltic 2010
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28 May, 2012
Direct flights from Riga in 199028 May, 2012
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Direct flights from Riga in 200228 May, 2012
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airBaltic flights from Riga 201128 May, 2012
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airBaltic passenger flows 2010, total growth +16%
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airBaltic passenger growth
336 367
589 229
1 037 925
1 425 277
2 008 522
2 590 357
2 757 404
3 206 735
3527409
12 8
06 262
212
248
710
218
270
194
224
173
652
151
385
106
127
0
500 000
1 000 000
1 500 000
2 000 000
2 500 000
3 000 000
3 500 000
4 000 000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
E
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airBaltic transfer share Riga
Changes in BT's Traffic Mix at RIX
88,0%
68,7%
56,1%49,1% 50,0%
43,0%
12,0%
31,3%
43,9%50,9% 50,0%
57,0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Feb.08 Sep-08 Feb-09 Sep-09 Feb-10 Jul-10
Calendar Month
% o
f O
ve
rall
Tra
ffic
Local BT:BT Transfer
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airBaltic fleet 1995-2009
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3 3 35 6
9 8 810 11
22
1
1
6 7 8
13
16
18
2
2
11
10
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Avro RJ70 F50 SF 340 Boeing 737-500 Boeing 757-200
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28 May, 2012
Quality & Safety Management
Education:
Riga Aviation University, (93-98)B.Sc.Ing. Aircraft and Power plant Mechanics
UNO Aviation Institute, NE, USA (94-95; 2001) General aviation studies & GA maintenance internship
Cranfield University, UK (03-04)M.Sc. Air Transport Management (Thesis on SMS Cost & Benefit)
Experience:
CAA of Latvia, Airworthiness inspector (95-98)
airBaltic airline
Flight Standards admin, auditor (98-03)
Engineering Manager, auditor (04-05)
Quality Manager, auditor (07- present)
easyJet airline
Engineering Quality & Safety Manager, auditor (05–07)
My background
28 May, 2012
“Human beings by their very nature make mistakes; therefore, it is unreasonable to expect error-free human performance.” Shappell & Wiegmann, 1997
28 May, 2012Operational considerations
• Most of aviation equipment today is mature and reliable;
• Human behind ~ 95% of causal factors in all occurrences;
• Incidents and Accidents are rare and unpredictable with
little learning for improvement of daily routines;
• Ground incidents / damages are frequent front-line
indicators of airline organisational incidents;
• Errors and slips are evident in most regulated processes;
• Need to distinguish between the Ants and Elephants…
…. to maintain the control & develop safely.
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Quality & Safety roles
airline processes
Safety monitoring of
100% system outputQuality monitoring of
0.1-100% of system inputs
Cooperate on evolution of audit methodology and scope;
sharing the workload of investigations
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Safety Information Sources
Automated
Flight Data Monitoring
Technical Log
Voluntary
Reporting
Line Management
Instructions & guidance
for daily operations
(Risk assessment &
Change Mngmnt)
Mandatory
Reporting
Airworthiness
Review
ATC /
Airport /
Supplier
Reports
Oversight
Industry Studies
and Researches
Quality
AuditingInspections
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Management and analysis of:
All incoming reports
Risk assessments
Audit schedule and follow-up
Review of timely responses
Various data analysis
Quality and Safety Management System
Results and Trends
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Reporting
Flight Safety reports
Cabin Safety reports
Voyage reports
Technical reports & investigations
Employee feedback
Suppliers / Oversight
Customer complaints
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1,18
2,85
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Sep.0
6
Nov
.06
Jan.
07
Mar
.07
Mai
.07
Jūl.07
Sep.0
7
Nov
.07
Jan.
08
Mar
.08
Mai
.08
Jūl.08
Sep.0
8
Nov
.08
Jan.
09
Mar
.09
Mai
.09
Jūl.09
Sep.0
9
Per 1000 12 months AVG
Statistical Monitoring of Safety Events(reportable events equalized per 1000 sectors flown)
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Risk Categories
Category If the event should recur, the probability of a major accident is…
R1 high
R2 increased under any circumstances
R3 increased under adverse circumstances that occasionally prevail
R4 not increased or increased only under extreme circumstances
R5 not increased as the occurrence is not related to flight safety
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0
5
10
15
20
Sep Nov Jan Mar Mai Jūl Sep Nov Jan Mar May Jul Sep
R3 R4 R5 R2
Categories of Reported events
Assessment of events carried out by Flight Safety Office and
Post Holder of the respective Operating department.
All events reported to the National Aviation Authority & investigated
0,33
0
1
2
3
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
ARI 2009 ARI 2007
ARI 2006 ARI 2008
Airline Risk Index (reportable events x severity, equalized per 1000 sectors)
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So What?
1 x High
100 x Medium
2000 x Low
Not all threat combinations are visible,
tangible, nor predictable
Staff on duty shall have clear
understanding of potential risks and
safety impact of own activities
Safety monitoring & evidence recording
shall become part of daily routines
and decision-making
Sample of Self-Monitoring
100 flight hours exceeded in 28 day period
High (more than 10 cases per 1000 cycles)
Medium (2-10 cases per 1000 cycles)
Low (less than 1 case per 1000 cycles)
High (more than 3 flight hours exceeded)
)
Medium (1-3 flight hours exceeded)
Low (less than 1 flight hour exceeded)
Minimum Rest Time reduced
High (more than 10 cases per 1000 cycles)
Medium (2-10 cases per 1000 cycles)
Low (less than 1 case per 1000 cycles)
High (more than 45min. short to minimum rest
period)
Medium (15 till 45 min. short to minimum rest
period)
Low (less than 15 min short to minimum rest
period)
100h/28d FDT & Minimum Rest time monitoring (1 calendar month)
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Potential Benefits
– Creating risk-controlled operating environment
– Identifying areas for continuous safety improvement
– Reducing occurrence numbers & severity
– Improving a/c availability
– Streamlining interfaces amongst operating units
– Becoming management tool for balanced decision making
Providing clear safety margins to the individuals will contribute towards improved safety & business integrity, by:
Flight Safety Assessment
Unique Threats Additional Defences
Crew experience
For first two months operations line captains (LCP) and experienced
FO (over X00h on type) authorized to operate.
After gaining operational experience, Captains with no LCP can
operate to XXX following familiarization flight.
Captains and FO with experience less than X00h on type not
authorized to operate. Ground School Familiarization required before
flight to XXX. Familiarization valid for 6 months.
High terrain, Some obstacles not equipped with
obstacle lights
EGPWS data base shall be maintained updated.
On approach Terrain mode selected on ND.
Non-standard glide path angle – 4
degreesFlaps 40 before entering GS, No Autoland. 3 degree PAPI visual GS.
Remote Alternates (closer aerodromes are
either complicated, requiring special permits, or closed
during airBaltic night-stop flights
ALT1, ALT2, ALT3 designated as alternates, requires consideration
for extra alternate fuel
Frequent turbulence & severe icingEngine Anti/Ice On, when in clouds. Additional crosswind limits set
(reduced by 5 kts compared to OM B 1.3.1)
Relatively Short RWY & LDA– 2000 m,
landing performance limitations likely
Flaps 40 landing, Low Friction or Contaminated RWY Landing Field
Limit Weight for <=FC0.4 to be checked (OMB 4.A4) Autobrake
MAX, after landing apply MAX manual brakes (allows to benefit from
reverse thrust).
Intolerable Tolerable Acceptable
Change Management –Formalised Risk assessment & Mitigation(Sample B3 Aerodrome assessment)
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Cooperation through regulatory evolution:
Timely notification of safety related occurrences
References to the list of reportable occurrences
Details of preliminary risk assessment
Automated notification on the investigation closure
Support with cross-border investigations and
resolution of SAFA disputes
Interaction with the CAA
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Investment:
• Committed staff with suitable tools, training &
procedures
• Slight increase in formalising investigations,
recommendations and management decisions
Benefits to the Airline:
Increased safety awareness & participation
Transparent safety risks & safeguards towards
management, CAA and public benefit
Summary of SMS implementation
28 May, 2012
Thank you!
Your Questions & Comments