Post on 01-Jun-2022
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November 2020
DB Rail Academy
Agile in IT Rail Projects
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Agenda
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 2
1. Let‘s Start2. Scrum and Kanban3. Common problems and possible
solutions4. Relevant tools
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Let‘s Start…
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 3
What do you know, where do you come from,…
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Agility in IT
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 4
Agile has to do with VALUE. Depending on the cases you can use some frameworks to help your Team / Organisation todeliver much more and better Value. Depends also on how complex or complicated is the workto be done
https://www.it-agile.de/fileadmin/PDF/Agile_Intro_V6.pdfCopy-protected
Agility in IT – what is it not exactly?
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 5
… delivering faster -> but being faster delivering what has more value.
… know all what the customer wants -> but discovering it faster.
… not having issues / errors -> but learning faster from them
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Scrum
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 6
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Scrum (an Overview from scrum.org)
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 7
https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-framework-posterCopy-protected
Scrum
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https://scrumorg-website-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/drupal/2018-05/ScrumValues-Tabloid.pdfCopy-protected
Scrum – Product Backlog
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 9
‒ What you have to do for your Product
‒ It has to be priorisied (by the PO)
‒ It is pretty important to have a „Cost“ for eachProduct Backlog Item -> many Teams uses Story points
‒ It is important that each Product Backlog Item can be done in „one Sprint“.
Tools: Jira, Trello, Confluence, Wikis, Redmine, a document (if it is a very little product)
https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-framework-posterthe red frame, does not belongs to the scrum.org documentation,and also not the text outside the imageCopy-protected
Scrum – Product Backlog
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 10
‒ What you have to do for your Product
‒ It has to be priorisied (by the PO)
‒ It is pretty important to have a „Cost“ for eachProduct Backlog Item -> many Teams uses Story points
‒ It is important that each Product Backlog Item can be done in „one Sprint“.
Tools: Jira, Trello, Confluence, Wikis, Redmine, a document (if it is a very little product)
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Scrum – Sprint Backlog and Sprint Planning
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 11
‒ In the Sprint Planning, according to:‒ the velocity of the Team (and Capacity)‒ Top Product Backlog items
… the items will be selected, „refined“ if theywere not, given a cost and selected to be donein the next Sprint.
The items selected will be now be called „Sprint backlog“.
Duration of an Sprint Planning can be around2Hours for a 2 Week Sprint.
https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-framework-posterthe red frame, does not belongs to the scrum.org documentation,and also not the text outside the image
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Scrum – Sprint ongoing
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 12
‒ Daily: 15 Min max. ‒ Focus on what the team want to achieve that
day and important feedback of the daybefore.
Be sure, that in the dailies the Sprint backlog isvisible.
Tools: Communication: if you are together in a Room forthe communication ok. If not: chat tools, video –conferences tools.
Sprint Backlog accesible (Jira, Trello, …)
https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-framework-posterthe red frame, does not belongs to the scrum.org documentation,and also not the text outside the image
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Scrum – Sprint Review
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 13
‒ Present what can you deliver now from thesprint
‒ Fokus on what is DONE (not ½ done)‒ Some goes story per story, some present a Live
Demo from the product. Depends on youraudience.
‒ Goals: get feedback, show working increment, questions from the audience, possible „missingfeatures“ or „edge cases“ can also come…
‒ Tools: Video-conferences, in a meeting room, stands with devices to „touch“
https://www.scrum.org/resources/scrum-framework-posterthe red frame, does not belongs to the scrum.org documentation,and also not the text outside the image
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Scrum – Retro
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 14
‒Improve!
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Kanban
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 15
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Kanban
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 16
‒Kanban is a management method for‒directly improving service delivery,‒Catalyzing improvements‒Evolving a business to be “fit for purpose.
‒….but it is not a Project Management method or a only-SW delivery method. But you can also use it:
‒Uses Kanban boards to visualize invisible work, workflow, and business risks together with Kanban systems which limit work-in-progress.
https://www.atlassian.com/agile/kanban/wip-limits
https://twitter.com/swiftkanban/status/1109073511627350016
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Kanban
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 17
1.Visualize (the work, workflow and business risks)
2.Limit WIP
3.Manage Flow
4.Make Process Explicit
5.Implement Feedback Loops
6.Improve Collaboratively, Evolve Experimentally (using models & the scientific method)
https://www.atlassian.com/agile/kanban/wip-limitsCopy-protected
Kanban
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 18
‒ Stablish Work in Progress Limit -> FLOW
‒ Fewer Bottlenecks -> „reduce“ multitasking in favor of efficiency
https://www.atlassian.com/agile/kanban/wip-limitsCopy-protected
Kanban
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 19
‒„Lead time clock starts when the request is made and ends at delivery.
Cycle time clock starts when work begins on the request and ends when the item is ready for delivery. Cycle time is a more mechanical measure of process capability.
https://leanandkanban.wordpress.com/2009/04/18/lead-time-vs-cycle-time/d time is what the customer sees.”
https://stefanroock.wordpress.com/2010/03/02/kanban-definition-of-lead-time-and-cycle-time/
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Kanban - WIP Limit and Efficiency
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 20
‒Value-Added (VA): is any state that brings value to the flow
‒Non-Value-Added (NVA): is any state where a ticket is waiting to transition to the next step
Efficiency = VA Time / (VA Time + NVA Time)Total Tasks = Team size/Efficiency
Set then the WIP per column (< Total tasks)
https://medium.com/@michelegalli.pm/how-to-calculate-the-wip-limits-of-your-kanban-board-5be7f20ab415
‒ For VA:2 days in ‘In progress’, 0,25 days in ‘Code review’, 0,5 day in ‘Testing’, 0,25 days in ‘In Deployment’.Total VA time is 3 days
‒ For NVA:0,25 day in ‘Ready for development’, 0,25 days in ‘Waiting for review’, 0,25 days in ‘Ready for testing’.Our NVA time is 0,75 days.
Efficiency = 3/(3+0,75) = 0,8 -> Efficiency is 80%.
With 5 members: Total Tasks = 5/0,8 = aprox. 6 tasks
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…when to use what or also „Scrumban“
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 21
https://www.atlassian.com/agile/kanban/kanban-vs-scrum
‒ For releases is not hardin Scrum that only at the end of the Sprint is.
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And with more teams?
22DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020
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SAFE
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https://www.scaledagileframework.com/Copy-protected
SAFE in DB
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https://www.scaledagileframework.com/case-study-deutsche-bahn/Copy-protected
LeSS
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https://less.works/less/framework/indexCopy-protected
Nexus
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https://s3.amazonaws.com/scrumorg-website-prod/drupal/2016-09/NexusPoster17x11.pdfCopy-protected
Common problems and possible solutions
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 27
These are not commandments or recipes, just a possible guide
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Team
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 28
‒Staff: Lack of Knowledge, Personalities.‒ Just do correct staffing. Set clear
expectations in the interviews.
‒Team responsibility = nobodyresponsibility‒Some Persons of Contact for Topics or
group for Topics (Architecture, Security…)
‒„My task/story is done“‒Set WIP Limits‒Focus on the priorities of the tasks
https://www.cbinsights.com/research/startup-failure-reasons-top/Copy-protected
Infrastructure & Quality
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 29
‒ Lack of automated tests‒ Set in your pipeline some quality checks, at least for
unit testing.
‒ No Continuous Integration/Continuous DeliveryPipeline‒ It is now a day a must.
‒ No Monitoring (specially for big projects)‒ Define some use cases and try to stablish at least a
proper log system.‒ Define what to log, when and which level.
‒ Lack of Quality im Code: Dependency of persons‒ Code Reviews‒ Tools for Static Code Analysis (for development and
security).https://unsplash.com/photos/Ki5pRv_OrS4Copy-protected
Organisation
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 30
‒Your organisation it is too much hierarquical and there are bosses that assign tasks to theteam members with not-team-related-work, with deadlines,…‒Try to set boundaries of times. 20% for other tasks that are not related to main project, for
example.‒If it is related to the same project-> backlog!!!!
‒Your organisation does not believe in „agility“, it is seem like losing the time or just playing.‒Try!. Just show the results. ‒Be efficient, don‘t loose your time in too many meetings.‒Be careful with going to Kindergarden mode.
‒Your company expect a project leader that coordinate who is doing what‒ Just have boards visible of the work (Scrum/Kanban board).‒Have a backlog order by priority‒Have the correct people im TeamCopy-protected
Organisation
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 31
‒For your project it is expected always a Single Point of Contact for certaintopics (Security, Architecture,.. )‒Have it or a group of persons. Being available per chat groups
‒For your product there are thousands of guidelines to be fulfilled that arenot in the
‒ team Definition of Done.‒Have a list of them, with Ids. Also, have a checklist for them, in order toidentify faster if you fullfil the topic.
‒Reporting. Agile does not mean „no control of anything“‒Have a clear dependency of Features and Stories‒Take a look of velocity and capacity and „calculate“ Milestones‒Backlog organised per priority!Copy-protected
Engagement of the customer & Billing
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 32
‒„I have not so many time for the meetings“‒Timebox and Moderation‒Analyse which of the meetings do you really need. Ask for the ROTI (Return of Time
Invested) in the meetings.
‒Not the correct person for the decisions‒Define some Single Point of Contact or have a group of experts from the Customer Side.‒Define how the decisions will be obtained (Consense, Majority,…)
‒Your customer does not understand your billing system or doesn‘t like it.‒Fixed price? Feature price? Velocity and Capacity?, Standard Functionality prices?,….‒Difficult!.
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Relevant tools
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 33
Just a set. does not have to be exactly the same
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DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 34
https://www.coherentsolutions.com/blog/which-continuous-integration-and-deployment-tools-will-have-the-biggest-impact-on-your-organization/Copy-protected
Documentation
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 35
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CI/CD - Monitoring
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Testing, Quality checks, Monitoring
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Testing, Quality checks, Monitoring
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https://martinfowler.com/articles/practical-test-pyramid.htmlCopy-protected
Testing, Quality checks, Monitoring
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Testing, Quality checks, Monitoring
DB Rail Academy | Agile in IT Rail Projects | Vanessa Romano | November 2020 40
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Thank you so much foryour attention!
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