Post on 18-Jan-2016
A Study of theBook of Revelation
An Introduction
Symbolism of Numbers - 1
One—Unity Two—Strength Three—Complete & Ordered Whole Four—Comprehensive Completeness Seven—A Sacred Number, Perfection Ten—Human Completeness
Symbolism of Numbers - 2
1000 -- 10x10x10 -- Ultimate Perfection. 144,000 –12x12x12—Religious Number 3 ½ --Contrast to Seven, Trials, Hardships
Broken, Incomplete Period of Time
Six ---Number of Man, Never Perfect 666– Symbolic for Mark of Beast,
Never Reach Perfection of Seven
Introduction To a Study of the
Book of RevelationTitle of BookNature of Apocalyptic LiteratureThe Author, or WriterDate of WritingMethods of InterpretationTheme and Purpose
Introduction To a Study of the
Book of RevelationTitle of Book
The Revelation of Jesus Christ Revelation > Apakalupsis, “to uncover, a laying
bare, making naked” (Thayer, Lexicon). Purpose of Writer is not to cover his message,
but to make it increasingly clear.
Introduction To a Study of the
Book of Revelation
Nature of Apocalyptic Literature Style is generally figurative Symbolism drawn from Biblical writings Attempts to portray unseen world behind action Writer’s name usually pseudonymous
Introduction to the Book of Revelation
The Author, or WriterJohn, the son of Zebedee, an apostle of
Jesus Christ told to write by an angelActual Author: God, who gave revelation
thru Christ thru Angel to John, 1:1-2
Introduction to the Book of Revelation
Date of Writing …Some say prior to AD 70But better to date it during persecution by
Domitian, about 96 AD
Introduction to the Book of Revelation
Methods of InterpretationFuturist – Continuous HistoryPhilosophy of History PreteristHistorical Background
Introduction to the Book of Revelation
Theme and Purpose …Theme: Conflict between God and Satan,
Church and Roman force and paganismMessage: Things are not as they seem;
Christ will be victorious over paganismPurpose: Encourage faithfulness in face of
opposition. Christ will win the victory!
Part 1
The Struggle on EarthChapters 1—11
Christ Among the Churches
1:9 – 3:22
Introduction, 1:1-8Theme: The Revelation of Jesus Christ
Revelation: “an uncovering, making known”A Process of Four Stages:
God Gave It to Christ Christ Signified It to His Angel The Angel gave it to John John wrote it down for the servants of God
Revelation Was Meant to be Understood!
Vision of Triumphant Christ1:9-20
One Like the Son of Man … Long Flowing Robe (Royalty, Dignity) White Hair (Holiness and Purity) Eyes Fire (Penetrating Insight) Feet with the Strength of Brass Voice (Quality Denotes Authority) Sword Keen and Accurate Judgment)
Vision of Triumphant Christ1:12, 18, 20
In Midst of Seven Golden Lampstands Identified at Seven Churches (1:20)
Seven Stars in Right Hand Identified as Angels of Seven Churches
(1:20)
Angel means “messenger. “Letters intended to church sent to be relayed by the “angel” for the benefit of the whole congregation.
Five Distinctive Threats to the Spiritual Life of the Churches
Paganism, Including Emperor Worship Jewish Harassment Immorality,Materialism & Lawlessness Spiritual Weakness Lukewarmness, Indifference, Indecision
Features Common to AllLetters to the Churches
Christ identifies himself, from the VisionChrist knows their works…Commends them for their good worksCondemns them for sinful failuresCounsel, Warns, Exhorts to RepentancePromises Reward to Overcomers“Hear what Spirit says to the churches!.”
Message to Ephesus
I Know your works, labor, patience, and orthodoxy. Hate deeds of Nicolaitans
Persevered, labored, not grown wearyBUT, “You have left your first love.”Remember, Repent, Do First WorksWarning: Else I will remove our lampstandOvercomer Eat of Tree of Life in Paradise
Message to Smyrna
I Know your works, tribulation, poverty (but you are rich), blasphemy by Jews
Exhort: Do not fear things you are about to suffer (some imprisoned), “ten days”
Be Faithful to Death, Receive crown of life
Overcome & Not hurt of second death
Message to Pergamos
I Know you live where Satan’s throne is. You hold My Faith, did not deny name even when Antipas was martyred
BUT, you tolerate teachers of “doctrine of Balaam” allows idolatry and immorality
ALSO have holders of Nicolaitan DoctrineRepent or they suffer sword of My MouthOvercome & get hidden Manna, new stone
Message to Thyatira
I know works, love, service, faith, patience, and last works are more than the first
BUT, you have a Jezebel teaching and beguiling saints to fornication & idolatry
Will cast her into sickbed; kill her childrenChurches to know I search minds & heartsNo other burden on the faithful. Hold Fast!Overcome & be given power over nations
Message to SardisName of being Alive, but You are DeadWatch, strengthen things that remain &
are ready to die. Works not perfect to God Remember how you received & heard and
repent. If not, I will come as a thief…Faithful Few not defiled with sin, shall walk
with Me in white, for they are worthyOvercome, be clothed in white, not blot
name our of Lamb’s book of Life
Message to Philadelphia
Know works. Have open door before you.Have Little Strength, Kept Word, not DenyWill make Synagogue worship before feetKept My Word, I will Keep you from TrialHold Fast What You Have!Overcome: Made pillar in temple of God,
wear name of God & city New Jerusalem, and wear My new name.”
Message to Laodicea
Know works, Neither hot or cold; will spew lukewarm out of mouth (nauseates Christ)!
Say rich, wealthy, need nothing; not know wretched, miserable, poor, blind, naked.
Counsel to buy from Me to be rich, clothed and enabled to see
I rebuke and chasten those I loveOpen door and let Me in.Overcome & sit with Me in My throne
The Throne and the Sealed Scroll
Rev. Chapters 4 –7
The Throne Occupant
His Appearance: Impressive, MajesticAn Emerald Green Rainbow HaloSurrounded by A Council of 24 EldersAnd Four Living CreaturesSights and Sounds
Seven Lamps of Fire (Seven Spirits of God) A Sea of Glass, Like Crystal, Before Throne
Purpose of the Vision
Throne = The Spiritual Center of Universe
True Insight into History Gained when All Things Viewed from Standpoint of Throne
“Jehovah reigns; let the people tremble! He sits above the cherubim, let the earth be moved” (Psalm 99:1).
The Lamb Takes Scroll
Scroll Held by Throne Occupant.Written Inside and OutSealed with Seven Seals (Could Not Be
Read Until All Seals Removed)Search for ONE Worthy to Take and Open
the ScrollOnly the LAMB Found Worthy to Open
Scroll
Praise to the Lamb From Four Living Creatures and 24 Elders All
Have Harps of Praise, Golden Bowls of Incense Represent Prayers of Saints
New Song: “You are worthy to take the scroll and to open its seals; for You were slain and have Redeemed Us to God by Your Blood out of every Tribe and Tongue and people and nation, and have made us kings and priests to our God, and we shall reign on the earth” (5:9-10).
More Praise to the Lamb
By Large Host of Angels:• “Worthy is the Lamb who was slain to receive
power and riches and wisdom and strength and honor and blessing” (5:12).
By Every Creature Under Heaven:• “Blessing and honor and glory and power be to
Him who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb, forever and ever” (5:13).
Opening the First Seal
A Rider on a White Horse Appears With a Bow, And a Crown (Stephanos, Victor’s Crown) Going Out Conquering and to Conquer
Symbolizing Conquering Military Power
Opening the Second Seal
A Fiery Red Horse Appears
Has a Great Sword
Rider Permitted to Take Peace from Earth, and that People should kill one another.
Red, the Color of Blood, Symbolizing Warfare (Probably Civil, not conquest or persecution)
Opening the Third Seal
Rider on Black Horse, with a Pair of Scales in His Hand.
Voice Describes Inflated Price for Wheat and Barley, and a Prohibition from hurting oil and wine (6:54-6).
Black, Color of Famine; Food Scarce, Luxuries Available If One has the Price.
Opening Fourth Seal
Rider on Pale Horse, Named Death, and Hades Followed After Him.
Power Given to Him Over Earth to Kill with Sword, with Hunger, with Death, and by Beasts of Field.
Symbolizing Death in an Unstable Society
Opening Fifth Seal
Under the Altar, Souls Slain for the Word of God and for the Testimony They Held.
Martyrs Cry: “How Long, O Lord, Holy and True, Until You Judge and Avenge our Blood on Those who Dwell on the Earth?”
White Robe Given; Were Told “Rest a Little Longer, until Number of others to be Killed Were Completed.”
Opening Sixth Seal
Cosmic Disturbances…Heaven’s Response to the Cry of the Martyrs.
Kings of Earth, Great Men, Rich Men, the Commanders, Mighty Men, Slave and Free Try to Hide from Wrath of the Lamb!
Remember: Day of Wrath on Enemies will be Day of Deliverance for God’s People!
Interlude Before Seventh SealWinds of Destruction Held Back
1. The Sealing of the 144,000, Represent all of God’s People—His True People
2. Vision of the Great Multitude Out of All Nations, Tribes, Peoples, and Tongues.
Identified as “the Ones who came out of the great Tribulation,” already victorious, God among them Supplies Every Need.
The 144,000 and Great MultitudeBoth Groups the Same
In Vs. 1-8, They are Sealed and Safe. Under God’s Protection they are not Delivered From, but Through the Judgments on the Earth.
In Vs. 9-17, They are Seen After They Come out of Tribulation. Posses, Peace, Joy And Victory. Every want Supplied, Every Need Fulfilled.
Concluding Thought
The Two Visions Together Give the Most Complete Picture of the Security of God’s People before the Judgment Portrayed in Chapter 6.
“Who Is Able to Stand?”
Here Is the Answer
Trumpets of Judgment
Revelation
Chapters 8 – 11
Opening the Seventh Seal
Dramatic Silence, Calm Before StormJohn Sees 7 Angels with 7 TrumpetsAnother Angel at Incense Altar to Offer with the
Prayers of the SaintsSmoke of Incense and Prayers Ascended before
GodMeaning: Prayer of Saints Affects Course of
History!
All Seven Seals Now OpenedThe Sealed Book Can Now Be Read
But no Final Judgment on those in 6:14-17
God Has No Delight in Death of Wicked (Ezek. 33:11).
He Is Longsuffering (2 Peter 3:9).
Purpose of TrumpetsNumbers 10
To Call An Assembly (Num. 10:1-3)
To Direct Movement of Camp (10:4-8)
To Call to Celebrate Festivals (10:10)
To Sound Alarm in Time of War (10:9)
– See also Ezekiel 33; Amos 3:6; Hos. 5:8; and Joel 2:15.
Trumpets of WarningLike the Seals, Trumpets are divided into
two groups – four in one, three in other
First Four introduce disasters that fall only on the natural world, not human life
In the Last Three, the physical and spiritual lives of men are involved
Sounding of First Trumpet
Hail & Fire, Mingled with Blood thrown to the earth Series of disasters similar to Plagues in Egypt Same Figures in Ezek. 38:22 & Joel, chs. 2-4 Only 1/3 of earth affected; Not Final JudgmentDo not look for literal or specific physical event
in history. Picture symbolic of ominous appearance of divine wrath against evil men. The worldly should take notice!
Sounding of Second Trumpet
Great Mountain Burning with Fire Cast Into the Sea 1/3 of sea became blood; 1/3 creatures
destroyed; 1/3 of ships destroyed Imagine Volcanic Eruption and its aftermath “Mountain” probably refers to a Government
(cf. Jer. 51:25, 42). “Sea” = restless sea of society; seriously
affected by fall of the great government
Sounding of Third Trumpet
Great Star, “Wormwood,” Fell on 1/3 of Inland Waters Suggests Fall of Great Earthly Ruler. Isaiah
used Figure of King of Babylon (14:12) Wormwood, a bitter wood. Idolatry would bear
fruit of wormwood (Deut. 29:18) Fall of Wormwood caused 1/3 of Inland
waters to become bitter, charged with trouble, sorrow and death
Sounding of Fourth Trumpet
1/3 of Sun, Moon, Stars Darkened; 1/3 Day Darkened and 1/3 of Night also Reminds of 9th Plague in Egypt; Complete
darkness in Land, light in Israelite homes OT: Removal of heavenly bodies symbolized
judgment from God (Isa. 13:1-10; Amos 8:9) Ezekiel lamenting fall of Pharaoh: “I will
put out your light, cover heavens, make stars dark; bring darkness on land” (32:7-8).
Three Woes to Come
John saw an Eagle, not Angel, flying thru heaven, loudly
announcing three woes to follow sounding of other three
trumpets (9:1)
Sounding of Fifth TrumpetA Star fell from heaven, was given key to the
bottomless pit. Plague of Locusts loosed on the earth, power to hurt those without the seal of God on their heads Star not identified. Satan as fallen angel? Key is symbol of power. Key given to this one. Bottomless Pit, infernal regions to which demons
were consigned (Luke 8:31); source of persecutions (11:7; 17:8).
Plague of “Locusts”Locusts typical harbingers of evil (cf.
Joel 1:4-ff.). No Ordinary Locust. Don’t Eat Vegetation Hurt men, not kill, limited period of time Power as scorpions, Painful Stings Beautiful Appearance holds out promise of
pleasure and victory, but Iron Teeth King over them named Abaddon
(Destruction) & (Apollyon) Destroyer
Application of Locust SymbolInternal decadence of Roman Empire made it so
weak. Would crumble from within.Devil holds out great promise to those who will
sell their souls to him, but sin not worth price!Wicked may appear to prosper, but their
pleasure is short-lived (Heb. 11:25)Satan says, “Sin will be your servant,” but
ultimately it will become one’s master.
Sounding of Sixth TrumpetVoice: “Release Four Angels Bound at the River
Euphrates” (13:14). Voice from Four Horns of Altar Euphrates boundary between Rome & Parthia Symbolize God’s forces of vengeance held in
restraint until God determined to release them John hears number. Cavalry of 200,000,000 Symbol of external invasion, as instrument in God’s
hands to punish oppressors of His people
Warnings Ignored
“Woes” symbolize God’s tools for avenging suffering of His people
Natural Calamities, Internal Rottenness and External Invasion would fall of pagan Rome
But, in spite of calamities upon 1/3 of mankind (without seal of God on forehead), the rest did not repent of their works!
Interlude Before 7th TrumpetMighty Angel with “Little Book” stood on Land
and on Sea (10:1-ff.) Book Open. It is not a mystery! Seven Thunders, unexplained; Cannot Know All
forces that determine the future (cf. Deut. 29:29). Swore “No More Delay”– Mystery to be Finished! Eat Scroll – Sweet taste, stomach bitter. Word of God Sweet, but no pleasure to Preach
condemnation upon the wicked!
Vision of the Two WitnessesJohn to Measure Temple, Altar, and Worshipers
Not Measure Court of Gentiles Gentiles Trample City 42 months Two Faithful Witnesses Finish their Testimony Beast out of Abyss makes War, Kills them Nations rejoice over dead bodies for 3 ½ Days Breath of Life from God raised them to Heaven
The Second Woe is Past!
Sounding of 7th TrumpetVoices in Heaven: “The Kingdoms of this world
have become the kingdoms of our Lord and His Christ, and He shall reign forever.”
24 Elders Fell on Faces and Worshiped GodTemple of God opened in Heaven, Ark of
Covenant Seen in His temple. Nothing Hidden.Lightnings, Noises, Thunderings, and an
Earthquake and Great Hail” – Divine Activity Demonstrated!
Part 2
A Great Spiritual Conflict
The Dragon vs. the Woman and Her Children
Chapters 12-14
“Sign” of the Radiant WomanA “Sign” from Heaven always conveys spiritual
truth from God – beyond what is merely seen
– Radiant, Clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet – (Beauty, Glory, Exaltation)
– A garland (stephanos, a victory crown) of 12 stars on her head – (cf. 12 patriarchs)
– Seen in process of giving birth
Who Is the Woman?
The Virgin Mary? If so, who are “the rest of her children”?
The Church? Question: Did the church give birth to Christ? cf. Matt. 16:18
The Spiritual Remnant of Israel? This is best idea. Messiah to be “seed of woman” and “bruise serpent’s head” (Gen. 3:15)
Symbolism from OTFigure of childbirth used by Isaiah and Micah
(Isa. 26:17-18; 66:7-11; Mic. 4:10)
Continuity between faithful remnant under both Old and New Covenants (cf. Anna, Luke 2:25-28; Elizabeth & Mary)
The “rest of her seed” keep the commandments of God and have the testimony of Jesus Christ
The Male Child
Christ was “born of woman” (Gal. 4:4).
To rule the nations with a rod of iron (vs.5, cf. Psalm 2:9; Rev. 2:27; 19:15).
Christ “caught up to God and His throne” at His ascension (12:5; Acts 1:9-11).
The “Sign” of the Dragon
Clearly identified – “that Serpent of old, the Devil and Satan”
Attempted to Destroy Child at Birth (Used Herod in the effort (Matt. 2:13-18)
Failing at that, he goes after “the rest of her seed” (vs. 17)
We must not underestimate the strength and ability of Satan (Eph. 6:10; 1 Pet. 5:8).
Woman Fled Into WildernessWilderness, a place prepared by God,
to be protected and nourished. Moses fled from Pharaoh (Ex. 2:11-ff.) Israel’s fed manna in W. (Deut. 8:3, 16) Elijah fed by ravens (1 Kings 17:1-7) Elijah fled from Jezebel (1 Kings 19:1-ff.) God’s spiritual remnant will not starve in the
wilderness, but be protected and provided for!
War in HeavenDragon and his angels vs. Michael and his
angels. Dragon loses … is cast out Scene shows Devil is not invincible
Voice in Heaven Declares Victory God’s prophetic word is now fulfilled
The Faithful Overcame by Thee Means(1) the blood of the Lamb, (2) the word of their
testimony, (3) the spirit of martyrdom
War On EarthDevil Attempts to Persecute the WomanShe flies into Wilderness, is protectedSerpent tries to drown with flood (of lies)Earth swallowed the floodEnraged, dragon went to “make war with
the rest of her offspring” Chapter explains why saints are subject to
furious attacks from Devil and his agents
Two Allies of the DragonFirst Beast arose from sea — had 7
heads, 10 horns, blasphemous names on 10 crowns (diadems), like dragon
Second Beast arose out of the earth – Had two horns like lamb; spoke like dragon, exercised all authority of first beast, causes men on earth to worship the first beast
The Beast Out of the SeaBeast had seven heads, ten horns,
blasphemous names on ten crowns (diadems), like dragon HEADS symbolic of wisdom, or durability, as though
plans are holy and sacred like God’s HORNS symbolize great power; men to submit to it DIADEMS symbolizing claim to royal power BLASPHEMOUS NAMES, speaking against God,
shows arrogant attitude toward spiritual things.
Beast out of Sea, cont.“OUT OF THE SEA” – Ancient world saw
the sea as mysterious and evil place Symbolizes the source of destructive forces,
the restless turmoil of an evil societyBEAST like leopard, feet like bear,
mouth like lion. Dragon gave his power, throne and great authority. Granted Power to make war to all who were
not written in Lamb’s book of Life
The Beast out of EarthHad Two Horns Like Lamb, but Spoke
Like a Dragon…
Outward appearance as Lamb, but voice betrays him: “He spoke like a dragon.”
Exercises all authority of first beast.
Causes the earth to worship the first beast
Perform great signs, deceives earth dwellers
Beast out of Earth, cont.Had Two Horns Like Lamb, but Spoke
Like a Dragon… Power to give breath to image of first beast,
enabling it to speak Cause those who would not worship image of
beast to be killed Causes all to receive mark on forehead (“the
mark of the beast”). None could buy or sell without mark or number of his name
666 – The Number of Man“Here is wisdom. Let him who has
understanding calculate the number of the beast; it is the number of a man… Nero? Translate Greek to Aramaic, not likely Latin Church? Didn’t exist in First Century Hitler, Stalin, or another notorious character? Sibylline Oracle used 888 as symbol for Jesus;
666 falls short of the perfect number 777; it can never be more than MAN!
Interlude: Visions of TriumphRev. 14:1-5
Vision of 144,000 with Lamb on Mt. Zion, having Father’s name on their foreheads There were virgins, not literal celibacy but symbolic
of spiritual chastity (1 John 5:21) They follow Lamb wherever He goes They were redeemed from among men No guile found in their mouth, for they were without
fault before throne of God
Interlude: Visions of TriumphRev. 14:6-11
• A Succession of Three Angels Proclaim Judgment on Babylon, Triumph of Evil Is Short-Lived First Angel has the Everlasting Gospel, and
calls everyone to worship of our Creator God Second Angel announces fall of Babylon Third Angel warns that “the wrath of God will
be poured out full strength on those with mark of the beast”
The Patience of the SaintsRev. 14:12-13
Contrast in plight of wicked and the fate of the righteous is the “patience of the saints” “In your patience you will win your souls”
(Luke 21:19 Persecutors may kill body, but not soul (Matt.
10:28). Christian can face triumphantly face persecution and death…
“Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on, that they may rest from their labors, and their works follow them” (vs. 13).
The Harvest JudgmentRev. 14:14-20
Vision of Christ on White Cloud, Wearing Golden Crown, holding a Sharp Sickle.
Angel out of Temple (naos, sanctuary), and an Angel from the Altar says, “Thrust in Your Sickle & Reap, for the harvest of the earth is ripe.”
Earth is reaped; clusters thrown into the winepress of the wrath of God
Blood out of Winepress
1,600 Furlongs = 184 miles. Jordan Valley is only 102 miles; so cannot be literal!
Significance is in No. 4, the earth number. [4 x 4] times [10 times 10] = 1,600. Thus, represents total and complete judgment
This judgment in course of history. Roman Empire & its pagan culture to come to end
Major Points of This Section
• Ch. 12 – a great struggle between Satan and the People of God
• Ch. 13 – two allies enlisted by Satan in opposition to God’s plan – the ungodly Roman State and its Pagan Priesthood
• Ch. 14 – Interlude. Christians have reason for hope. Their enemies will eventually face the wrath of God. Be Steadfast!
Pouring Out Bowls of Wrath
Rev. 16:1-21
The Seven Bowls of WrathRevelation, chs. 15–16
Seven angels with seven bowls of wrath: a “sign” of final judgment
(in time) upon the dragon and his allies (cf. 15:1 and 11:19)
Preparatory Vision, 15:1-4Angels have seven last plagues, for in
them the wrath of God is complete (1)
Sea of glass, martyred [now victorious] saints stand on, with harps in their hands
Sing Song of Moses and of the Lamb: a song of deliverance, praise God (Ex. 15).“All nations shall come and worship before
You.” This is not the end of history!
Preparatory Vision, 16:5-8Seven Angels, with plagues, come out of
the open temple; bowls distributed to them Ref. to temple shows judgments come from
God, the same source as His righteous laws Bowls are “full of the wrath of God.” No man
can defy God’s wrath with impunity. Smoke filled temple, as at Tabernacle (Ex.40) No one enter temple, shows nothing can stop
judgments. God’s patience has run out!
The First Bowl, 16:1-2Poured out upon the earth, resulting in “a
foul and loathsome sore” on all having mark of beast and worshiped his imageThink of 6th plague in Egypt (Ex. 9:10). A similar
plague mentioned in Deut. 28:35Think of virulent sores in the whole social,
economic, educational, political world where anti-Christian power rules…one result of outbreaks of inner rottenness and foulness (Lenski, 466)
The Second Bowl, 16:3
Poured out on the sea. It became blood as of a dead man. Every sea creature died
If “Sea” represents troubled society, it suggests complete dissolution of emperor-beast and his subject (Foy E. Wallace, 339).
“It represents the “utter putrification of a dead society” (Hailey, 329).
The Third Bowl, 16:4-7Poured out on Rivers and Springs, and
they became blood Reminds us of First Plague in Egypt (Ex. 7)
but Egyptians could dig for water; none here Judgment because “they have shed the blood
of saints and prophets” It is just that they be given blood to drink
Voice from Altar says, “true and righteous are your judgments.”
The Fourth Bowl, 16:8-9Poured out on the sun, and power given to
scorch men with fire Unlike Ninth Plague in Egypt [(3 days dark]
and Fourth Trumpet [no light for 1/3 day], the blazing sun scorched men with heat
Sun, whose light is essential to life one earth, becomes instrument of judgment! Talk about Global Warming!
Yet, “they did not repent and give Him glory.”
The Fifth Bowl, 16:10-11Poured out on the throne of the beast, and
his kingdom became full of darkness
Reminds us of the Ninth Plague in Egypt. Says the very seat and center of empire was plunged into darkness. Symbolic, not literal.
Still, as before, the pagan world “blasphemed the God of heaven because of their pains an sores, and did not repent”
The Sixth Bowl, 16:12-15Poured out on the River Euphrates; its
water dried up, preparing the way for kings of the east Euphrates: eastern border of Roman Empire Barrier against foreign invasion removed (cf.
Jer. 50:38; Isa. 13;17-20); there is nothing to protect the Roman Empire from outside forces
Three unclean spirits like frogs, out of mouths of the dragon, beast, and false prophet
Three Unclean Spirits, 15:13-14
Coming out of the mouths of the dragon, the beast and the false prophet (vs. 13). First time beast of earth called false prophet;
key to understanding figure in ch. 13. “Out of mouths” indicates some form of evil
propaganda, proceeding from the devil, godless government and false religion
Their purpose is to enlist the world in defense of the paganistic Roman system
Armageddon, 16:16Refers to strategic pass near Mt. Megiddo,
where many battles had been fought Deborah & Barak defeated Sisera (Judg. 4-5) Philistines defeated Saul (1 Sam. 31:1-6). Jehu slew Ahaziah of Judah (2 Kings 9:27) Josiah killed by Pharoah Necho (2 Kgs. 23)Symbolic of Great Decisive Battle between army
of Satan and forces of God. Symbolic Battle resulting in overthrow of Roman Empire
The Seventh Bowl, 16:17-21Poured out into the air; loud voice out of
temple proclaims: "It is done!” “Into the air” suggests God’s wrath poured out
on whole sphere of Satan’s operation (Hailey) “Noises, thunderings, lightnings, earthquake”
shows this is the work of Almighty God! Babylon divided, Nations fell; City remember-
ed before God, given cup of His fierce WrathStill not final judgment. Men blasphemed God
Judgment on the Harlot Babylon
Rev. 17:1 – 19:10
Great Harlot Described, 17:1-6A Great City, that “reigns over the kings of
the earth” (vs. 1, 18).Composite of other harlot cities of the OT
Nineveh, a harlot of conquest (Nahum 3:1, 4) Tyre, a harlot of commerce (Isa. 23:15-17). Babylon, mistress of pleasure (Isa. 47:5-15) Jerusalem, “the faithful city, became a harlot”
(Isa. 1:21; Jer. 2:20; Hos. 9:1) was religious
Great Harlot Described, cont.“Many waters” (1) identified as “peoples,
multitudes, nations and tongues” (vs. 15).
“Kings of earth” that committed fornication with her (15) were rulers who had participated in her political, economic, cultural, and religious affairs
“Inhabitants of earth” were made drunk with the wine of her fornication (2)
Great Harlot Described, cont.Description of harlot symbolically
portrays traits of her character
Sits on a scarlet beast with blasphemous names, ten heads and ten horns (3), equates her with sea-beast (13:1) with color of the dragon (12:3). City is supported by dragon!
Beautifully Arrayed, outwardly attractive and appealing to materialistic minds
Great Harlot Described, cont.Description of harlot symbolically
portrays traits of her character Holds golden cup,” suggesting luxury and
wealth, but filled with filthiness of her sin (4)
Character displayed by her name: “Mystery, Babylon the Great, Mother of Harlots and of the Abominations of the Earth (5)
Drunk, not with wine, but with blood of the saints and martyrs of Jesus (6)
John Amazed by VisionAngel Explains Mystery of Harlot
The Beast, “was, an is not, and will ascend out of the abyss and go to perdition” (9).
One head of beast suffered mortal blow and recovered (13:3). Nero Redivivus Myth??
Better viewed symbolically. World empires rise and fall. Regardless of latest incarnation of evil, it is designed to go to perdition (8a)
Earth dwellers [not Christians] will marvel when they see the incarnation of the beast.
Mysteries of Harlot ExplainedSeven Heads said to symbolize two things
Seven Mountains – Rome built on seven hills Seven Kings: Five fallen, one is, one to come Beast that was, and is not, is the eighth king,
but of the seven and is going into perdition. Some try to correlate to Roman emperors Better: Seven symbol for complete line Imperial line shortly to be replaced by # 8
Mysteries of Harlot ExplainedTen Horns symbolically represent Ten
Kings without independent power, Have temporary authority with the beast (12) Ten – Symbolic of fullness of power Kings represent subject-rulers over provinces
who had power for one hour with the beast They “make war with the Lamb” and He will
overcome them (14). God’s faithful assured that the Lamb will be victorious over them!
Mysteries of Harlot ExplainedSubject-Rulers will turn on harlot and
make war with her (17:15-17).God purposed they be of one mind with
beast until they had served His purpose – “until the words of God are fulfilled.” Book of Acts, and Secular History, shows
Rome feared insurrections and revolutions She allowed vassal-kings (cf. Herods) to have
power so long as they kept “Roman Peace.”
THE FALL OF BABYLON
Foreshadowed in Rev. 14:8 and 16:19; OT language applied to Rome of John’s day.
Angel from heaven announces fall (18:1-2)
Like old Babylon, Rome to be desolate
Reasons for fall: Evil influences on nations Merchants became rich; supplied her luxuries
Kings of earth committed spiritual fornication
“Come Out of Her, My People”
Angel calls God’s people out of Babylon to escape the coming plagues (4-5, 7-8) Lot called out of Sodom (Gen. 19:12, 27) God’s people to leave Babylon (Isa. 52:11;
Jer. 51:45). “Come out from among them and be
separate” (2 Cor. 6:17-7:1) Why? “Her sins have reached to heaven, and
God has remembered her iniquities” (5)
Earth Mourns Babylon’s FallKings of the earth, who once stood with
Rome, now stand at a distance and weep. “In one hour” judgment has come (9-10)
Merchants lament, not because of love for Rome, but for their financial loss (11-17a)
Shipmasters and sailors lament because of the loss of business (17b-19)
A Call for Rejoicing
“Rejoice over her, O heaven, and you holy apostles and prophets, for God has avenged you on her!” (18:20).
In 11:10, the people of earth rejoiced over death of the two witnesses; it is now time for heaven, apostles & prophets to rejoice
In 6:9-11, martyrs asked how long. Now judgment is come on their persecutors
Fall Graphically Depicted (21-24)
Millstone thrown into sea – object lesson, symbolizing violent overthrow of Rome. Sinking stone symbolized “she shall not be found any more” (cf. Jer. 51:61-64).
Result of fall – Silence prevails (22); no lights and no wedding celebrations (23)
Two Reasons Pictured (23-24) She had deceived merchants by her sorcery Much “innocent blood” was found in her
Rejoicing In Heaven19:1-10
Great Multitude in heaven praise God “Salvation and glory and honor and power to
the Lord, our God” (1) Rightly attributed to Him because of His True
and Righteous Judgments on the Harlot. (2) Another Refrain: “ Alleluia! And her smoke rises up forever and
ever” (3) 24 Elders and Four living creatures join in
saying, “Amen! Alleluia!” (4)
Rejoicing In Heaven, cont.A Voice from throne calls on “all you His
servants and those who fear Him, both great and small” to praise God (5) John heard “the voice of a great multitude, as
the sound of many waters and mighty thunderings, saying “Alleluia! For the Lord God Omnipotent reigns!” (6)
Rejoicing is proper. The Lamb’s bride has made herself ready by saints’ righteous deeds
John’s Reaction to the SceneHe falls down to worship the angel, who
said, “See that you do not do that! I am your fellow servant and of your brethren, who have the testimony of Jesus. Worship God! (10a).
Identity of speaker unimportant. What he said is important: Worship God! He alone is worthy of worship (cf. Matt. 4:10).
Conclusion“The Testimony of Jesus is the testimony
of prophecy (10b).The whole spirit of prophecy was to glorify
Jesus Christ and His work, not to draw attention to angels (cf. Heb. 1:14).
The vision a message of encouragement. Rome’s paganism and persecutions would be avenged by our God. The Rome of today is not the Rome of the first century!
Complete and Final Victory
Rev. 19:11 – 22:27
Rider on White HorseDescription makes it clear that this can be
none other than Christ Himself (19:11-16) White Horse, denotes victory (11)
Faithful and True, describes character (11)
Righteousness, way He makes judgment and wages war (11).
Eyes like flame of fire, burning penetration into hearts, not judge by appearances (12)
Rider on White Horse, #2Description makes it clear that this can be
none other than Christ Himself (19:11-16) Many crowns, symbol of all authority (12)
Had name known only to Himself, (12). “How unsearchable are His judgments, and His ways past finding out?” (Rom. 11:33)
Clothed with robe dipped in blood (13).
Name “the Word of God” (13). See 1:1, 14.
Rider on White Horse, #3Description makes it clear that this can be
none other than Christ Himself (19:11-16) Leads armies of heaven, pictured in garments
of victory, also on white horses (14)
Sharp sword goes out of His mouth; Strikes the nations; He rules with rod of iron (15).
He treads winepress of the fierceness and wrath of the Almighty God (15; cf. Isa. 63:1-6)
Name: King of Kings; Lord of Lords (16)
Lone Angel Calls for Vultures Gather for “Great Supper of God” (17).
Victory over kings, captains, mighty men, etc. announced before carnage begins (18)
Beast, kings of earth and their armies gather to make war against Him and His army (19)
Consequence: Beast captured, with false prophet who deceived people into receiving mark of beast; both cast into lake of fire (20).
Armageddon is never described; only the results announced!
“The Battle of Armageddon”Futurists’ View– Literal battle against the
Antichrist and his armies. Defeat leads to Millennial Reign of Christ on earth.
Continuous History – Beast is Roman Catholic Church. Armageddon still future.
Proper Interpretation of Revelation must start with historical setting. What was John telling persecuted saints in 95 AD?
Armageddon Is Symbolic Armageddon not a literal place, but is symbolic
for a decisive battle Christ coming out of heaven is not Second
Coming, but a coming in aid of the persecuted saints
Casting Beast and False Prophet into Lake of Fire symbolic of victory over pagan Rome’s persecuting power.
With persecutors defeated, Christian are no more bothered with them
Victory Over the Dragon• Satan’s enemies are defeated, but master
enemy must now be dealt with (20:1-10) The chief subject in this section is NOT the
1,000 years, but what happens to the saints! Angel chains “the dragon, that serpent of old,
who is the Devil and Satan, and bound him for 1,000 years (1-2).
He was cast into pit, sealed, “so he should no more deceive the nations (3)
Binding of SatanBinding of Satan is symbolism.
Truth is being made known thru symbolism Key, in Satan’s hand in 9:1-3, now in hand of
angel, a servant of Almighty God, symbolizes power to bind. It is no literal key!
Chain symbolizes that by which he is bound. Spirits are not bound by literal chains.
Binding indicates Satan effectively stopped from involving nations in emperor worship.
Thousand Years Is Symbolic1,000 years no more literal than the chain.
Binding Satan for 1,000 years contrasted with the period of the martyrs (3 ½ years), and the devil knew he “has but a short time” (12:12)
Numbers in Revelation are Symbolic. “Ten” is complete number; “One thousand” is ten to third power. Think “symbol of completeness.”
Devil not completely powerless today (1 Peter 5:8), but activity is limited like dog on chain.
Vision of Martyrs on ThronesMartyrs no longer under the altar (6:11);
now on thrones, reigning 1,000 years (4). Their triumph is called “first resurrection” (5). Second death no power over them (6) Cf. giving life to dry bones (Ezek 37:1-14) Cause for which martyrs died symbolized by a
resurrection (19:21) Cause of those slain by Christ experience
resurrection when Satan released (20:3, 7-9)
Satan Released, Leads Rebellion
Satan Released, goes to deceive nations, Gog and Magog, to battle against “saints and beloved city” (7-9) Gog and Magog, symbols from Ezek. 38–39,
lead army, take spoils, until Messianic period, but would be utterly destroyed (ch. 39)
Rather than literal battle, symbolizes a moral and spiritual conflict. Satan uses all manner of evil to win hearts and souls of people
Final Judgment, 20:11-15Same judgment as “sheep and goats” of
Matt. 25. Only final judgment, and separa-tion of the followers of Satan and Christ The Judge. All “stand before God” (12), but
“all judgment given to Son” (John 5:22) Christ to be on throne of judgment (Matt.
25:32-ff.; 2 Cor. 5:10; cf. Rev. 3:21; 22:1). All Dead judged by opened books according
to their works (14-15)
Picture of Defeat CompleteSatan and his forces have been defeated
and cast into Lake of Fire (14-15)
The Harlot, Babylon, the Beast and the False Prophet, Satan, and even Death and Hades, which served Satan’s purpose have all been cast into the fire
A Great encouragement to Faithfulness!
New Heavens and New EarthSection pictures saints enjoying fellowship
with God; complete security in the holy city, with every need supplied. Two inter-pretations have been suggested (21:1-2) City is victorious church as God considers it
today, purged and purified thru tribulation.
John is given vision of saints in heaven after Day of Judgment. Three aspects of final destiny: its fellowship, protection, provisions.
The Holy City, New Jerusalem New (kainos) – indicates new in kind, “a different
nature from what is called “old.” Isaiah’s new heaven & earth (65:17; 66:22)
refers to new dispensation under Christ. Peter, under Christ, speaks of new heaven and
earth yet to come (2 Peter 3:7-13).
The Jerusalem above (Gal. 4:26) City whose builder and maker is God (Heb.
11:10), and abiding city to come *(Heb. 13:14)
Clue to Interpreting SceneVoice from heaven provides clue: “Behold
the tabernacle of God is with men, and He will dwell with them and they shall be His people, and God Himself will be with them and be their God” (3) God’s people dwell in His presence; every
cause for sorrow removed (4) The faithful will dwell in presence of God and
drink from “fountain of water of life freely” (6)
Who Will NOT Reside There?“The cowardly, unbelieving, abominable,
murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars” will have no home there.
They “shall have their part in the lake of fire which burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death” (8).
The Bride, the Lamb’s Wife• Invited to see the Lamb’s wife, John sees
“the great city, the holy Jerusalem…having the glory of God (22:9-ff.). Imagine Scene!– Great High Wall, 12 gates, 12 angels at gates
bearing names of 12 tribes of Israel ( # 12 ! )– Perfectly square, 12 courses of gems as the
foundation; gates of pearl, streets of gold…– No temple there! God & the Lamb its temple!
The Bride, the Lamb’s Wife #2Invited to see the Lamb’s wife, John sees
“the great city, the holy Jerusalem…having the glory of God (22:9-ff.). Imagine Scene! Nothing that defiles will be there (21:27) Only those whose names in Book of Life. River of Life, sustains God’s people Servants of God faithfully served Him through
trials; joyfully serve Him in Paradise!
Concluding Assurances
Words are Faithful and True. God’s people can depend on truth herein revealed (22:6)
Fulfillment will soon follow (6-7)
John testifies he Saw and Heard (8)
Book not to be sealed (10; cf. Dan.12:4, 9)
Judgment is imminent! (20)
Come! The Great Invitation (17).
Message for Us Today
Christ Knows Our Works
He Knows Our Circumstances
He Condemns Our Failures
He Approves Our Good Qualities
He Is Worthy Of Our Adoration, Praise and Faithful Obedience to His Will
Slides Prepared by
James E. Cooper
for Presentation at
Warfield Blvd., Clarksville,TN
March 18-23, 2007