A Model-Based Approach for Distributed User Interfaces

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This paper describes a model-based approach for designing distributed user interfaces (DUIs), i.e. graphical user interfaces that are distributed along one or many of the following dimensions: end user, display device, computing platform, and physical environment. The three pillars of this model-based approach are: (i) a Concrete User Interface model for DUIs incorporating the distribution dimensions and able to express in a XML-compliant format any DUI element until the granularity of an individual DUI element is reached, (ii) a specification language for DUI distribution primitives that have been defined in a user interface toolkit, and (iii), a step-wise method for modeling a DUI based on the concepts of distribution graph expressing a distribution scenario that can be played namely based on the distribution primitives. A distribution graph consists of a state transition diagram whose states represent significant distribution states of a DUI and whose transitions are labeled by an even-condition-action representation. The actions involved in this format may call any distribution primitive of the DUI toolkit. In order to exemplify this model-based approach, two simple DUIs are first designed: a DUI for the Pictionary game and a DUI for the Minesweeper game. They are then incorporated into a larger DUI game of the goose where cells may trigger the two other games.

Transcript of A Model-Based Approach for Distributed User Interfaces

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A Model-Based Approach for Distributed User Interfaces

Jérémie Melchior, Jean Vanderdonckt and Peter Van RoyUniversité catholique de Louvain

EICS2011 - June 14, 2011

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How to distribute things

MotivationsDrawbacks of Related WorkOur solutionCase StudiesDemonstrationFuture Work and Conclusion

ITEA UsiXML project #08026, 2009-20122

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Motivations

Mobile devices (iPad, iPhone,...) Smartphones are popular Distribution is often limited to algorithmic and

researchers Limitations of the user's space Need of independence between the user interface and

the application

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Motivations

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Drawbacks of Related Work

Lack of customizationPredefined distribution (wincuts)Lack of real-time distributionLack of reusability of the techniquesLack of distribution modellingLack of control on the distribution

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Drawbacks of Related Work

Predefined distribution

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Our solution

Model-based approach defining the distribution: CUI model in a XML-compliant format a specification language a step-wise method for modeling DUI

Unification of the techniques through a toolkit Real-time control on every single component of the UI Distribution of

whole part custom group of widgets

Multi-platform support (computer + tablets + smartphones)

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Our solution

CUI model in a XML-compliant format with: buttons labels layouts entry (text edit) windows canvas (drawing area) ...

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Our solution

a specification language

e.g.:  DISPLAY button(text:"Start" action:Start name:button_1)

create a button with the text "Start" on it Start is the algorithm triggered by the button named this button_1 for distribution without specifying a platform: default platform 

COPY button_1 TO shared_display copy the existing button_1 to the platform "shared_display" ...

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Our solution

a step-wise method for modeling DUI new concept: Distribution Graph

CUI widget Platform without CUI Platform with CUI

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Our solution

Unification of the techniques through a toolkitthe toolkit is based on a catalog of primitives:

Set, Display, Undisplay, ExposeCopy, Move, Switch, PermuteMerge, Separate, Replace, Distribute, Reset, Append,

TransformSave, Restore, Import, Export

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time

redistribution 

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game

Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time

redistribution 

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Pictionary

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game

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Pictionary

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game

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Pictionary

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game

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Pictionary

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game

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Pictionary

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game

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Pictionary: a naturally distributed game control on the UI

Pictionary

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Pictionary: a naturally distributed game control on the UI distribution scenario

Pictionary

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Pictionary: a naturally distributed game control on the UI distribution scenario

UNDISPLAY color_bar , guess_word TO pictionary_UI OF observers , guessers

EXPOSE draw_area TO pictionary_UI OF observers , guessers

Pictionary

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game

Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time redistribution 

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game

Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time redistribution 

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game

Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time redistribution 

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game

Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time redistribution 

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Case Studies

Pictionary: a naturally distributed game Minesweeper: a non-naturally distributed game Game of the Goose: an evolutive game through real-time

redistribution 

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Future Work and Conclusion

Publication of the catalogAndroid performancesRelease the toolkit + samplesIntegration into UsiXML (UsiDistrib tool)Behavior behind distribution

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