Post on 02-Jan-2020
Dr.Sarma@works 1
‹Ï ªÄÕ ©Ã�ÊΪÁ֧¦ÁþÁ¥ÁÐ
Om Sree Vighnaeswaraaya namah
©Ã©Ê�Á úÁƙ¥Á›Ã
Dr.Sarma@works 2
Vivaeka Choodaamani
The Crest Jewel of
Discrimination
Part I
From 01 to 41
Dr.Sarma@works 3
Dr.Sarma@works 4
£ÕöÁÒ ¬ÁœÁÔÏ ü�ÁþÃÒŸÂÔ
üÄ©Í £ëÿËé©Á þ¡Á§ÁÐ
Brahma is the Real
World is only an illusion
The Jeeva is none other than the Brahma
€žËÖœÁ ¬ÃžÂÏÏœÁÏ
Doctrine of Monism
Dr.Sarma@works 5
¥ÁÏ•Á®ÂúÁ§Á›Ï
¬Á§ÁÖ ©ÊžÂÏœÁ ¬ÃŸÂÏÏœÁ �ÍúÁ§ÁÏ œÁ¥Á �ÍúÁ§Á¥÷
�Í©ÃÏžÁÏ ¡Á§Á¥Á ÂþÁÏžÁÏ ¬ÁžÁÅÓ§ÁÅÏ ¡ÁÕ›œÍ¬ÁÒÔÿÁ¥÷ ||
sarva vaedaanta sidhdhaanta gocharam tama agocharam
govindam paramaanandam sadgurum pranatosmyaham ||
VC 01
Dr.Sarma@works 6
Invocation
• My obeisance to the Almighty - Govinda
• Whose nature is Bliss Supreme
• Who is the Guru of Gurus (sadguru)
• Who is the import of all erudition (Vedas)
• Who is beyond the reach of speech & mind
(Sri Govindaacharya is the
preceptor of Sankara Bhagavat paada)
Dr.Sarma@works 7
ªÁœÁ�ÍýÃüþÁÒ ¬ÁÅ�ÁÆœËƀ
üÏœÁÆþÂÏ þÁ§ÁüþÁÒ žÁŧÁפÁœÁ¥Áƀ ¡ÁôϬÁÌÖÏ œÁœÍ ©Ã¡ÁÕœÂ
œÁ³ÂÒžËÖžÃ�Á ŸÁ§Áé¥Á §ÁÓ¡Á§ÁœÂ ©ÃžÁÖœÁÌÖ¥Á³ÂÒœÁЧÁ¥÷ ,
�œÂÒþÂœÁÒ ©Ã©ÊúÁþÁÏ ¬ÁÖþÁŤÁ©Í £ÕöÁÒœÂÒþ ¬ÁϬÃËœÃ
§ÁÅé•Ãà§ÍÎ ªÁœÁ�ÍýÃüþÁÒ ¬ÁÅ�ÁÆœËƀ ¡Áô›ËÔ§Ãíþ¨¤ÁÔœÊ ||
jantoonaam narajanma durlabhatamah pumstwam tato viprataa
tasmaadvaidika dharma maargaparataa vidwat twamas maatparam,
Atmaanaatma vivaechanam swanubhavo brahmaatmaanaa samsthiti
rmuktirno satakoti janma sukritaih punyair vinaa labhyatae ||
VC 02
Dr.Sarma@works 8
Blessed We are !
• Among all beings a human birth is a gift
• More so a fit and healthy body (male)
• Rarer than that is one with adequate intelligence
• Rarer still is inclination towards Vedic path
• Higher than this is discriminative ability
• Still higher is Realization of Identity – Brahman
Isn’t this the merit of millions of births !
Dr.Sarma@works 9
žÁŧÁפÁ œÁÕſÁÏ
žÁŧÁפÁÏ œÁÕſÁ¥Ê©ËœÁžÊÍ©ÂþÁÅ�ÁÕÿÁÿÊœÁÅ�Á¥ ÷,
¥ÁþÁÅ«ÁÔœÁÖÏ ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁÖÏ ¥ÁöÁ¡Áô§ÁÅ«Á¬ÁϪÁë¦ÁÐ ||
durlabham trayam yaevai tad daeva anugraha haetukam,
manushyatwam mumukshutwam mahaapurusha samsrayah ||
VC 03
Dr.Sarma@works 10
The rarest three
These three things are rare indeed
• Birth in human form (with special powers)
• The longing for Liberation (not all possess)
• The guidance of perfected teacher
These are due to the grace of god
Dr.Sarma@works 11
�œÁÒöÁ ¬ÁÖÏ ©ÃþÃÿÁþÁÌÔ
labdhwaa katham chin narajanma durlabham
tatraapi pumstwam srutipaaradarsanam,
yah swaatma muktyai na yataeta moodha Dheeh
sa Atmahaa swam vinihantya asad grahaat ||
¨£Âãí •Á•ÁÏúÃþÁä§ÁüþÁÒ žÁŧÁì¤ÁÏ
œÁœÂÕ¡Ã ¡ÁôϬÁÌÖÏ ªÁÅ՜ñ§ÁžÁ§ÁîþÁ¥÷,
ſÁƀ ³ÂÖœÁÒ¥ÁÅ�ËÌÔþÁ ſÁœÊœÁ ¥ÁÆšÁŸÄƀ
¬Á �œÁÒöÁ ¬ÁÖÏ ©ÃþÃÿÁþÁÌÔ¬ÁžÁÓÕöÁœ ÷ ||
VC 04
Dr.Sarma@works 12
Oh! Man – commit not suicide
Having been empowered with all the
above said special gifts from god
• Isn’t it too foolish not to exert for realization
• Not to commit ourselves for liberation
By clinging to the things so unreal
• Aren’t we wasting our precious gift ?
• Isn’t this deliberate suicide !!
Dr.Sarma@works 13
�Í þÁÖ¬ÃÌ ¥ÁƚœÂÒ ?
‚œÁƀ �Í þÁÖ¬ÃÌ ¥ÁƚœÂÒ ſÁ¬ÁÅÌ ³ÂÖ§Êá ¡Áë¥Á žÁÔœÃ,
žÁŧÁì¤ÁÏ ¥Á ÂþÁÅ«ÁÏ žÊÿÁÏ ±ÂÕ¡ÁÔ œÁœÂÕ¡Ã ±Î§ÁÅ«Á¥÷ ||
itah know-asti moodhaatmaa yastu swaarthae pramaadyati,
durlabham maanusham daeham praapya tatraapi pourusham ||
VC 05
Dr.Sarma@works 14
What a fool ?
What greater fool is there than the man
• Who having obtained a rare gift of human body
• And that too a healthy, powerful and intelligent one
• If he neglects to achieve the real end of life
Real end meaning liberation ( salvation)
Dr.Sarma@works 15
©Ã¥ÁÅ•Ãà§ÁÎ ¬ÃŸÁÔœÃ
pathantu saastraani yajantu daevaan
kurwantu karmaani bhajantu daevataah,
Atmaikya bodhaena vinaa vimuktir
na sidhyati brahma sataantaraepi ||
¡ÁÞÁþÁÅÌ ªÂ³ÂÌ՛à ſÁüþÁÅÌ žÊ©Âþ ÷
•ÁŧÁíþÁÅà •Á§Âқà ¤ÁüþÁÅÌ žÊ©ÁœÂƀ,
�œËÒ�Áԣ͟ÊþÁ ©Ãþ ©Ã¥ÁÅ�ÃÌ
§ÁÎ ¬ÃŸÁԜà £ÕÿÁÒªÁœÂþÁ̧ʡà ||
VC 06
Dr.Sarma@works 16
Rituals never are the means
• May be well versed in all scriptures
• May one undertake all rituals and karmaas
These indeed help one go no where
But without the realization of our true identity
with the Atman within
There is no liberation
Even after millions of years of existence
Lifetime of Brahma : 1 day = 432 miln. years
Dr.Sarma@works 17
‚œÊÔ©Áÿà ªÁÅÕœÃƀ
amritatwaasya naasaasti vittaena ityaevahisrutihi,
braveeti karmano muktaer ahaetutwam sphutam yatah ||
€¥ÁÆœÁœÁÖ¬ÁÔ þª¬ÃÌ©ÃœÊÌþÊœÊÔ©ÁÿêÁÅÕœÃƀ,
£Õ©ÄœÃ �Á§ÁÒ›Í ¥ÁÅ�Ȩ̂ÁÿÊœÁÅœÁÖϬÁÅæýÏ ſÁœÁƀ ||
VC 07
Dr.Sarma@works 18
The Vedic Dictum
• There is no hope of immortality by means of
money or money made many things –
• Such indeed is the declaration of the Vedas
• So, it is clear that rituals, desire prompted
actions, forbidden paths and foolish clinging
to worldly riches cannot cause liberation.
(Ref :Brihadaaranyaka II. iv.2)
Dr.Sarma@works 19
¬Á¥ÁÅ¡ÊœÁÔ žÊªÃ�ÁÏ
ato vimuktyai prayataeta vidwaan
samnyasta baahyaartha sukhasprihah san
santam mahaantam samupaetya daesikam
Taenopadishtaartha samaahitaatmaa ||
€œÍ ©Ã¥ÁÅ�ËÌÔ ¡ÁÕſÁœÊœÁ ©ÃžÂÖþ ÷
¬ÁÏ þÁê¬Áà £ÂöÁê§ÁÅËƁŽ¬ÁÐÆÿÁƀ ¬Áþ÷
¬ÁþÁÌÏ ¥ÁöÁþÁÌÏ ¬Á¥ÁÅ¡ÊœÁÔ žÊªÃ�ÁÏ
œÊþÍ¡ÁžÃ´ÂÛ§Áá¬Á¥Á ÂÿܜÂÒ ||
VC 08
Dr.Sarma@works 20
Therefore one must strive for liberation
How?
• By renouncing sensual pleasures
• Devoid of desires on external objects
• Duly* approaching a generous preceptor
• Fixing the mind on the truth inculcated by him.
*Gita IV–34 : pranipaataena pariprasnaena sevayaa
What are we to do ?
Dr.Sarma@works 21
„žÁϧʞœÁÒþÂœÂÒþÁÏ
Uddharaed aatman aatmaanam magnam samsaara vaarithou,
Yogaaroodhatwam aasaadya samyag darsana nishthayaa ||
„žÁϧʞœÁÒþÂœÂÒþÁÏ ¥Á�ÁÎÏ ¬Áϳ§Á©Â§Ã•Î,
¦É•§ÁÆšÁœÁÖ¥Á ³žÁÔ ¬Á¥ÁÔ�ÁͧÁîþÁþëÁܦÁ  ||
VC 09
Dr.Sarma@works 22
How to attain yoga ?
• Though immersed in this of mortal life
• One should rediscover himself and lift himself up – for no one else can lift us up* !
What are the means ?
1. Perfect devotion (yogaaroodha** state)
2. Right discrimination
*Gita VI –5 : uddharaed atman atamaana
**Gita VI–4 : yadaa hi …...Sarva samkalpa
sanyaasiee yogaaroodha stadochyatae
Dr.Sarma@works 23
¬ÁÏþÁê¬Áê ¬Á§Áí•Á§ÂÒ›Ã
sanyasya sarwakarmaani bhavabandha vimuktayae,
yatyataam panditair dheerair aatmaabhyaasa upasthitaih ||
¬ÁÏþÁê¬Áê ¬Á§Áí•Á§Âқà ¤Á©Á£ÏŸÁ©Ã¥ÁÅ�ÁÌſÊ,
ſÁœÁÔœÂÏ ¡ÁϙÜ˧Äã§Ë§ÂœÂÒ¤ÂÔ¬Á „¡Á¬ÃËœËƀ ||
VC 10
Dr.Sarma@works 24
Cut loose all ‘Actions’
• The wise = the man with discrimination
• The erudite = the man with equanimity
• Give up all actions* = All desire prompted
motivated actions and all forbidden or evil
actions – not the selfless service
*Gita V-11 : kaayaena ..…sangam tyaktwaa
*Gita III-5 : nahi kaschit kshanamapi
Dr.Sarma@works 25
þÁ �ÃÏúÃœÁȧÁé•ÍýäÃÐ
chittasya suddhayae karma na tu vastoopa labdhayae,
Vastu siddhir wichaaraena na kinchit karmakotibhihi ||
úÃœÁ̬ÁÔ ªÁÅžÁÏſÊ �Á§ÁÒ þÁ œÁÅ ©Á¬ÁÆÌ¡Á¨£ã¦Ê,
©Á¬ÁÅ̬ÞÃϧÃíú§ʛ þÁ �ÃÏúÃœÁȧÁé•ÍýäÃÐ ||
VC 11
Dr.Sarma@works 26
Ten million is naught
• The works prescribed by the scriptures, when
done with faith and devotion, lead to purification
of mind and wash of tainted thoughts.
• These are only a prerequisite to the end – and not
the end by itself – neither they are the means to
reach the perfect end – the salvation.
• This does not ensure perception of reality unless
true discrimination is practiced.
Dr.Sarma@works 27
¤ÂÕþÍÌԞÜÁ¥ÁöÁ¬Á§ÁåÐ
Samyag vichaaratah siddhaa rajju tattwaavadhaaranaa,
Bhraantyodita mahaasarpa bhavadukhah vinaasanee ||
¬Á¥Áê•Ãíú§ÁœÁƀ ¬ÃžÂÏ §ÁüÅØœÁœÂÌÖ©ÁŸÂ§Á›Â,
¤ÂÕþÍÌԞÜÁ¥ÁöÁ¬Á§ÁФÁ©ÁžÁÅŽƀ ©ÃþªÁþÄ ||
VC 12
Dr.Sarma@works 28
The delusion
• By adequate reasoning the conviction about reality is
gained – just as the rope mistaken as snake –
perceived correctly as rope by adequate reasoning and
proof.
• This annuls the great misery and fear caused by the
delusion in the mind.
Our mistaken identity that we are this never lasting
body - when in reality we are the ever existing Atman
– is the Delusion or Bhranthi
Dr.Sarma@works 29
©Ãú§ʛ žÁÆ´ÍÛ
arthasya nischayo drishto vichaaraena hitoktitah,
Na snaanaena na daanaena praanaayaama sataena vaa ||
€§ÁˬÁÔ þêÁÉſÇ žÁÆ´ÍÛ ©Ãú§ʛ ÿÃœÍ�ÃÌœÁƀ,
þÁ³ÂÎþÊþÁ þÁ žÂþÊþÁ ±ÂÕ›ÂſÁ Â¥ÁªÁœÊþÁ ©Â ||
VC 13
Dr.Sarma@works 30
Nay by baths, gifts….
• By reasoning upon the salutary counsel
• from the wise (men of realization) – only then
• Truth is seen to dawn on the seeker
Not by hundreds of
1. Holy dips in sacred rivers
2. Charities made
3. Pranaa yama (restraining breathing)
Dr.Sarma@works 31
¢Á¨ ¬ÃžÃÏ
Adhikaarinam aasaastae phalasiddhir wisaeshatah,
Upaayaa daesa kaalaadyaah santyasmin sahakaarinah ||
€ŸÃ�§Û¥Á ª¬Êà ¢Á¨¬ÃžÃϧÃ֪ʫÁœÁƀ,
„±Â¦Á  žÊªÁ �¨žÂƀÔ ¬ÁþÁÌÔ¬ÃÒþ÷ ¬ÁÿÁ•Â§Ã›ƀ ||
VC 14
Dr.Sarma@works 32
Success
• Success essentially depends on the
• Qualified* aspirant / seeker
• Time, place and other such means
• are but auxiliaries in attaining success
*Qualifications ? ……. Let us proceed further
Dr.Sarma@works 33
žÁſÁ ¬ÃþÁÅãÏ •ÁŧÁÅÏ
ato vichaarah kartavyo mumukshor aatma vastunah ,
samaasaadya dayaasindhum gurum brahma viduttamam ||
€œÍ ©Ãú§ÁÐ •Á§Áà©Íê ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅ¯Í §ÂœÁÒ©Á¬ÁÅÌþÁƀ ,
¬Á¥Á ³žÁÔ žÁſÁ ¬ÃþÁÅãÏ •ÁŧÁÅÏ £ÕÿÁҩÞÁÅœÁÌ¥Á¥ ÷ ||
VC 15
Dr.Sarma@works 34
The Guru
• The Guru
– The best of the knowers of Brahman
– Must have personally experienced the truth
– Should be an ocean of mercy and kindness
• The Seeker
– Must duly approach the Guru
– Must take the path of reasoning and test the truths inculcated to him– not passive listening
Dr.Sarma@works 35
€ŸÃ�§ÂÔœÁÒ ©ÃžÂÔſÁ Â
maedhaavee purusho vidwaan ooha apoha vichakshanah ,
adhikaaryaatma vidyaayaam ukta lakshana lakshitah ||
¥ÊŸÂ©Ä ¡Áô§ÁÅ´Í ©ÃžÂÖþÁÆöÁ±ÍÿÁ©ÃúÁßÁ›ƀ ,
€ŸÃ�§ÂÔœÁÒ ©ÃžÂÔſÁ Â¥ÁÅ•Áà¨ßÁ›¨ßÃœÁƀ ||
VC 16
Dr.Sarma@works 36
Fitness of recipient
• Intelligent to grasp the subtleties
• Devoid of any doubts (samsayas)
• Skilled in defending scriptural injunctions
• Expert in refuting counter-arguments
• Endowed with above characteristics
Such recipient is fit to receive Atma Jnaana
Dr.Sarma@works 37
£ëÿÁéüÃüÂÚ³Â
vivaekino viraktasya samaadi guna saalinah ,
mumuksho raeva hi brahmajijnaasaa yogyataa mataa ||
©Ã©Ê•ÃþÍ ©Ã§Á•Áà¬Áê ªÁ¥Á žÃ�ÁÅ› ªÂ¨ÃþÁÐ ,
¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅ¯Í §Ê©Á ÿà £ÕÿÁÒüÃüÂڳ ſÇÂ�ÁԜ ¥ÁœÂ ||
VC 17
Dr.Sarma@works 38
Who is qualified ?
• Who discriminates between real and unreal
• Whose mind is tuned off towards the unreal
• Who possesses calmness (sama) and allied qualities
• Who is longing for liberation
He is the one qualified
to inquire after the Brahman
Remember no one is debarred
Dr.Sarma@works 39
³ÂŸÁþÁ úÁœÁÅ«ÁÛſÁÏ
Saadhanaan yatra chatwaari kathitaani maneeshibheeh
yaeshu satswaeva sannishthaa yadabhaavae na siddhyati ||
³ÂŸÁþÂþÁÔœÁÕ úÁœÂ֧à �Á�ÃœÂþà ¥ÁþīäÄƀ
ſÊ«ÁÅ ¬ÁœÊƁÖ©Á ¬ÁþÃδÂÊ ſÁžÁ¤Â©Ê þÁ ¬ÃžÁÏԜà ||
VC 18
Dr.Sarma@works 40
The four
• Sages have prescribed four means (steps) for attainment.
• Devotion to Brahman succeeds only when these four means are harmoniously utilized.
• In the absence of these, this pursuit for Brahman will be only a vain attempt.
Dr.Sarma@works 41
³ÂŸÁþÁ úÁœÁÅ«ÁÛſÁÏ
Adou nitya anitya vastu vivaekah pariganyatae,
iha mutra phalabhoga viraagas tadanantaram,
�žÎþÃœÂÔ þÃœÁÔ©Á¬ÁÅ̩éÊ�Áƀ ¡Á§Ã�Á›ÔœÊ,
‚ÿÁ¥ÁÅœÁÕ¢Á¨¤Í•Á©Ã§Â�Á ¬ÁÌžÁþÁþÁ̧Á¥÷ ,
VC 19
Dr.Sarma@works 42
The first two
• First and foremost is
– The Discrimination between the Real and
unreal
• Next comes the aversion towards or disinterest
– in enjoyment of fruits of our actions here and
hereafter - this is renouncing the unreal
Dr.Sarma@works 43
³ÂŸÁþÁ úÁœÁÅ«ÁÛſÁÏ
Samaadi shatka sampattir mumukshutwam iti sphutam,
brahma satyam jagan mithyaa ityaevam roopo vinischayah ||
ªÁ¥Á žëÁýȬÁÏ¡ÁœÃ̧ÁÅÒ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁ֥ÜìÁÅæý¥÷,
£ÕÿÁÒ ¬ÁœÁÔÏ ü�ÁþÃÒ�ÊÔœÊÔ©ÁÏ §ÁÆ±Í ©ÃþêÁÖ¦ÁÐ ||
VC 20
Dr.Sarma@works 44
The next two
• Next in order are
– The group of six attributes – calmness (sama) and the rest,
• Lastly
– The intense yearning/ longing /love for liberation
A firm conviction of the mind
to the effect that Brahman is the Real
and universe is unreal
Dr.Sarma@works 45
©Ã©Ê•ÁÐ
³ÍſÁÏ þÃœÂÔþÃœÁÔ©Á¬ÁÅ̩éÊ�Áƀ ¬Á¥ÁÅžÂÿÁÆœÁƀ
œÁžË֧•ÁêÏ üÃöÁ³Â ¦Á  žÁ§ÁØþÁªÁÕ©Á›ÂžÃ¤Ãƀ ||
soyam nitya anitya vastu vivaekah samudaahritah
Tad wairaagyam jihaasaa yaa darsana sravanaadibhih ||
VC 21
Dr.Sarma@works 46
Discrimination
1. A firm conviction of the mind to the effect
that Brahman is the Real and universe is unreal
2. This is designated as the true discrimination
(viveka) between the real and unreal.
3. Vairaagya or renunciation is the active
effort to give up all transitory sensual
enjoyments
Dr.Sarma@works 47
©Ë§Â•ÁêÐ
Daehaadi brahma paryantae hyanityae bhogya vastuni
virajya vishaya vraataad doshadrishtyaa muhur muhuh ||
žÊöÁžÃ£ÕÿÁÒ¡Á§ÁÔþÊÌ ÿÁÔþÃœÊÔ ¤Í�ÁÔ©Á¬ÁÅÌþÃ
©Ã§ÁüÔ ©Ã«ÁſÁ ©Â՜žÍÍ«ÁžÁÆ´ÂÛê ¥ÁÅÿÁŧÁÅéÿÁÅÐ ||
VC 22
Dr.Sarma@works 48
Vairaagya
1. Vairaagya or renunciation is the active
effort to give up all transitory sensual
enjoyments.
2. This ranges from this animate body to those
upto the supreme brahmaahood -
3. Having already understood the defects of
these by observation, instruction and so forth
time and again (continually).
Dr.Sarma@works 49
ªÁ¥ÁÐ
swalakshyae niyata avasthaa manasah sama uchchyatae,
vishayaebhyah paraavartya sthaapanam swaswagolhakae ||
¬Áí¨ßÊÔ þÃſÁœÂ©Á³ÂË¥ÁþÁ¬Áƀ ªÁ¥Á „úÁÉÔœÊ,
©Ã«Á¦Ê¤ÁêÐ ¡Á§Â©Á§Áàê ³Âá¡ÁþÁÏ ¬Áí¬Áí•Í®Á•Ê||
VC 23
Dr.Sarma@works 50
Calmness
Tranquility or calmness or Sama
• Steadfast effort to rest or turnoff the mind after having declined entry for the sensory inputs from manifold sense objects and not permitting unwarranted motor activity
• In simple terms controlling the antah karanams or inner functional faculties
Dr.Sarma@works 51
žÁ¥Áƀ - „¡Á§ÁœÃ
Ubhaya yeshaam indriyaanaam sa damah parikeertitah,
Baahya anaalambanam vrittaer aesha uparatir uttamaa ||
„¤ÁſÊ´Â¥ÃþÃâë¦Á ›ÂÏ ¬ÁžÁ¥Áƀ ¡Á§Ã•Ä§ÃÌœÁƀ
£ÂöÁêþ¨ϣþÁÏ ©ÁÆœȨ̂ʴ͡Á§ÁœÃ§ÁÅœÁÌ¥Á  ||
VC 24
Dr.Sarma@works 52
Self Control
Self restraint or self control or Dama
• Turning both the motor and sensory organs away from sense objects at the entry level itself and fixing them in their respective spheres of reality is called Dama or self control.
Self withdrawal + active tuning inward- Uparati
• After the inner organs are turned off- tuning them towards inner atmaan for higher pursuits of life (without mental craving for senses)– – is called uparati – inactively active state –(like the atom)
Dr.Sarma@works 53
œÃœÃßÂ
sahanam sarwa duhkhaanaam apratiikaara puurwakam,
chintaa vilaapa rahitam saa titikshaa nigadyatae ||
¬ÁÿÁþÁÏ ¬Á§ÁÖžÁÅƀŽÂþÂ¥Á¡ÁÕœÄ�§Á ¡Áõ§Áí•Á¥÷,
úÃϜ ©Ã¨Â¡Á§ÁÿÃœÁÏ ³Â œÃœÃß þÃ�ÁžÁÔœÊ ||
VC 25
Dr.Sarma@works 54
Forbearance
Titikshaa or Forbearance
• The ability to bear with all afflictions,
duals and insults without caring to redress
or revolt for them in spite of having the
mental and physical capability to do so,
being free from anxiety and lamentation
on the afflictions received.
Dharma Raja is the best example
Dr.Sarma@works 55
ªÁÕžÂÏ
Saastrasya guru vaakyasya satya buddhya avadhaaranaa,
Saa sraddhaa kathitaa sadbhir yayaa vastu upalabhyatae ||
ªÂ¬Áàë¬Áê •ÁŧÁÅ©Â�ÁÔ¬ÁÔ ¬ÁœÁԣŞÂÏÔ©ÁŸÂ§Á›Â,
³ÂªÁÕžÂÏ �Á�Ü ¬ÁžÃÓ§Áê¦Á  ©Á¬ÁÆà¡Á¨¤ÁÔœÊ ||
VC 26
Dr.Sarma@works 56
Acceptance
• Acceptance by firm judgment after
practicing and verifying what the Guru and
the scriptures instruct – as true is termed as
sraddhaa or faith.
• Not to be confused with blind belief
• The whole mind must attain that perfect
state of reliance on the truth of the
instruction – then only practice is possible.
Dr.Sarma@works 57
¬Á¥Á ŸÂþÁÏ
samyagaasthaapanam buddhaeh Suddhae brahmani sarwadaa,
tat samaadhaanam ityuktam natu chittasya laalanam ||
¬Á¥ÁÔ�³ÂË¡ÁþÁÏ £ÅžÊÏƀ ªÁÅžÊÏ £ÕÿÁқà ¬Á§ÁÖžÂ,
œÁœÁƁ¥Á ŸÂþÁ¥ÃœÁÅÔ�ÁÌÏ þÁœÁÅ úÃœÁ̬ÁÔ ¨Â¨þÁ¥÷ ||
VC 27
Dr.Sarma@works 58
Self-settled ness
• The constant concentration of intellect or the
affirming faculty on the ever pure Brahman
is what is called Samaadhaana or Self-
settled ness
• Not mere indulgence of thought for a while
out of curiosity
• Not mere studying the truth to gain objective
knowledge – It should give subjective
experience.
Dr.Sarma@works 59
¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÂ
Ahamkaaraadi daehaantaa bandhaan ajnaana kalpitaan
Swa swaroopa avabodhaena moktumichchaa mumukshutaa ||
€ÿÁϕ§žÞÊöÁþÂÌ £þÂÏþÁüÂÚþÁ�Á¨ÃÐœÂþ÷
¬Áí¬Áí§ÁƱ©Á£ÍŸÊþÁ ¥ÇÂ�ÁÅÌ¥ÃúÂ× ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁŜ ||
VC 28
Dr.Sarma@works 60
Yearning for freedom
• The strong desire or longing in the inner core
to free or liberate oneself, by realizing one’s
true nature, from all bondages of body, mind
and egoism, super imposed due to ignorance.
Goutama Buddhaa is the best example
Dr.Sarma@works 61
The Essential Four1. Viveka – Discrimination of real and unreal
2. Viraagya – Active renunciation of fruits of actions –
aversion to sensual enjoyments
3. Sama etc., six
1. Sama/ Calmness- Antah karana restraint
2. Dama/ Self control– External gateways control
3. Uparati/ Inward withdrawal – Inactively active
4. Titiksha/ forbearence – Dharma raja example
5. Sraddha/ Faith/acceptance – Truth of instruction
6. Samaadhaanam/ self settledness – Identity with brahman
4. Mumuksutwam – Intense yearning for liberation.
Dr.Sarma@works 62
¡ÁճžʩÁ �ÁŧÍÐ
¥ÁÏžÁ ¥ÁŸÁÔ¥Á §ÁƱ¡à ©Ë§Â�ÊÔ› ªÁ¥Á žÃþÂ,
¡ÁճžʩÁ �ÁŧÍƀ ¬ÊſÁÏ ¡ÁÕ©ÁÆžÂÏ ¬ÁÆſÁœÊ ¢Á¨¥÷ ||
manda madhyama ruupaapi vairaagyaena Samaadinaa,
prasaadaeva guroh saeyam pravriddhaa suuyatae phalam ||
VC 29
Dr.Sarma@works 63
It develops
• Though torpid (dull) and mediocre
• This yearning for freedom
develops by means of vairaagya
and sama and so on
• May bear fruit due to perseverance
• Of course by the grace of the Guru
Dr.Sarma@works 64
¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁÖÏ œÄ©ÁÕÏ
©Ë§Â�ÁÔÏúÁ ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁÖÏ œÄ©ÁÕÏ ſÁ¬ÁÔœÁÅ ©ÃžÁÔœÊ,
œÁ¬ÃÒþÊÎ ©Â§Áá©ÁþÁàÐ ¬ÁÅêÐ ¢Á¨©ÁÏœÁƀ ªÁ¥Á žÁſÁƀ ||
vairaagyamcha mumukshutwam teevram yasyatu vidyatae,
Tasminnaeva arthavantah syuh phalavantah Samaadayah ||
VC 30
Dr.Sarma@works 65
Intense yearning
• If the yearning for liberation is very intense
• Sama and other practices, verily, become meaningful
• His efforts bear fruit – indeed in a very short time
Dr.Sarma@works 66
¥Á§Î ¬Á¨Ã¨©Áœ÷
ÝœÁſǧÁÒþÁ͜ €œÁÕ ©Ã§Á�ÁÌœÁÖ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁſÇÂƀ
¥Á§Î ¬Á¨Ã¨©ÁœÁÌœÁÕ ªÁ¥Á žʧÂè ¬Á¥Á ªÃ՜ ||
Etayoer mandataa atra viraktatwa mumukshayoeh
marou salilavat tatra Samaadaerbhaa samaasritaa ||
VC 31
Dr.Sarma@works 67
Hypocrite
• When the renunciation or vairagya is not perfect
(pseudo vairagya)
• Where the yearning for liberation is not intense
and not from within
• Then Sama and the other means (practices) are
mere external appearances –
• Like a mirage in a desert, they are in vain
• Such pseudo-seekers are hypocrites
Gita III- 06 : Karmaedriyani …. midhyacharaha ….
Dr.Sarma@works 68
¤Á•Ãà§Ê©Á •Á§Ä¦Á¬Ä,
¥É¯Á •Â§Á› ³Â¥Á�ÂÕÔÏ ¤Á�Ã̧ʩÁ •Á§Ä¦Á¬Ä,
¬Áí¬Áí§ÁƱÂþÁŬÁþÂãþÁÏ ¤Á•Ãà§ÃœÁԤßÄſÁœÊ ||
³ÂÖœÁÒœÁœÂÌÖþÁŬÁÏŸÂþÁÏ ¤Á�Ã̧ÜÁÔ¡Á§Ê ü•ÁÅÐ
moeksha kaarana saamagryaam bhaktiraeva gareeyasee,
Swa swaroopa anusandhaanam bhaktir ityabhidhiiyatae ||
swaatmatattwaanusamdhaanam bhaktirityaparae jaguh
VC 32
Dr.Sarma@works 69
Bhakti alone is supreme
• Among the things which culminate in liberation
• Bhakti or devotion is the most essential requisite.
What constitutes Bhakti ?
• The seeking after ones real nature is bhakti – QM
• The inquiry into the truth of one’s own Self is
bhakti - Sankara
• It is extreme love and longing for God- Narada
• It is extreme attachment to Iswara - Sandilya
Dr.Sarma@works 70
„¡Á¬ÄžÊžÁÅÓ§ÁÅÏ
„�ÁÌ ³ÂŸÁþÁ¬ÁÏ¡ÁþÁÎ ¬ÁÌœÁÖüÃüÂÚ¬ÁŧœÁÒþÁƀ,
„¡Á¬ÄžÊžÁÅÓ§ÁÅÏ ±ÂÕüÚÏ ſÁ³ÂÒžÁÑþÁÏ ©Ã¥ÇÂßÁ›¥ ÷ ||
ukta saadhana sampanna statwa jijnaasur aatmanah,
Upaseedaed gurum praajnam yasmaad bandha vimoekshaam ||
VC 33
Dr.Sarma@works 71
Duly approach the Guru
• The seeker about the truth of Atman
• Having made sure he possesses the means of
attainment - described earlier –
• Must duly approach a wise preceptor
• Who confers on the seeker – emancipation
from bondage
Dr.Sarma@works 72
žÊªÃ�ÁÏ
ªÍÕœÃÕſÇ €©ÁÇüÃþÍ €�Â¥ÁÿÁœÍ ſÇ £ÕÿÁÒ©ÃœÁÌ¥Áƀ
Srotriyoe avrijino akaamahato yoe brahmavittamah
VC 34
Dr.Sarma@works 73
Real Guru
• Who is well versed in Vedas
• Sinless
• Unsmitten by desire
• Knower of Brahman par excellence
Continued…
Dr.Sarma@works 74
£ÕÿÁÒ›ÅÔ¡Á§ÁœÁƀ ªÂþÍÌ þçÃþÁÏþÁ ‚©ÂþÁ¨Ð
€ÿÊœÁÅ�ÁžÁſÁ ¬ÃþÁÅã§ÁÑÏŸÁŧÂþÁ¥ÁœÂÏ ¬ÁœÂ¥÷ ||
brahmanyuparatah Saanto nirindhana ivaanalah
Ahaetuka dayaasindhur bandhur aanamataam sataam ||
žÊªÃ�ÁÏ
VC 35
Dr.Sarma@works 75
Real Guru
• Who has withdrawn himself into Brahman
• Who is calm
• Like fire that has consumed its fuel
• Who is boundless reservoir of mercy
• Who knows no reason to debar any one
• Friend of good seekers who surrender
This sloka is direct adoptation from Sruti
Dr.Sarma@works 76
¡ÁÇúÊל÷
œÁ¥Á §ŸÁÔ �ÁŧÁÅÏ ¤Á•Âàê ¡ÁëÿÁí¡ÁëªÁë¦Á¬Ê©ÁþËÐ,
¡ÁÕ¬ÁþÁÎÏ œÁ¥ÁþÁűÂë¡Áê ¡ÁÇúÊל÷ üÂÚœÁ©ÁÔ ¥Á ÂœÁÒþÁƀ ||
tamaaraadhya gurum bhaktyaa prahwa prasraya saevanaih,
prasannam tam anupraapya prichchaet jnaatavyam aatmanah ||
VC 36
Dr.Sarma@works 77
Should inquire
• When ?
– After complete self surrender
– Devoid of any ego – prostration etc..
– After pleasing the guru with due service
– Taking care to be very humble and with humility
• What ?
– What the seeker really ought to know
– Means the knowledge of Atma Jnana
Dr.Sarma@works 78
³Âí¥ÃþÁä¥Á¬Êà
³ÂÖ¥ÃþÁÎ¥Á¬ÊÌ þÁœÁ¨Í•Á£þÍã
•Â§ÁśԬÃþÍÏ ¡ÁœÃœÁÏ ¤Á©Â£ÎÏ,
¥Á Â¥ÁÅžÁϧœÄÒſÁ�ÁýÂßÁžÁÆ´ÂÛê
†üÂÖÔœÃ�§ÁÅ›Ô ¬Áş¤éÁÆ´ÂÛê ||
Swaamin namastae nataloka bandho
Kaarunya sindho patitam bhava abdhou,
Maam uddhara atmeeya kataaksha drishtyaa
Rijwyaati kaarunya sudhaabhi vrishtyaa ||
VC 37
Dr.Sarma@works 79
Seekers prayer
Oh ! Respected Master,
• You are indeed very friendly to the humble
• You are the ocean of mercy
• My obeisance to thee
• Fallen I am into this ocean of Samsara
• Please lift me up with thy graceful glance
• Thy grace supreme is indeed nectarine
A characteristic oriental hyperbolic expression
Dr.Sarma@works 80
þÁ üÂþÊ ªÁ§Á›Ô¥ÁþÁÔÏ
žÁŧÂí§Á¬Áϳ§ÁžÁ©Â�ÃÎœÁ¡ÁÌÏ
žÍŸÁÆſÁ¥Á ÂþÁÏ žÁŧÁžÁÆ«ÁÛ ©ÂœËƀ ,
¤ÄœÁÏ ¡ÁÕ¡ÁþÁÎÏ ¡Á§Ã±Âÿà ¥ÁÆœÍÔƀ
ªÁ§Á›Ô¥ÁþÁÔÏ ſÁžÁÿÁÏ þÁ üÂþÊ ||
Durwaara samsaara davaagni taptam
dodhooyamaanam duradrishta vaataih ,
bheetam prapannam paripaahi mrityoh
Saranyam anyam yad aham na jaanae ||
VC 38
Dr.Sarma@works 81
The helpless state
• I am caught in this unending fire of world-forest*
• Shaken violently by the gales of duradrusta**
(untoward forces)
• Terrified and so, seeking refuge in thee
• For, I know not any alternative and safe shelter
• Save me from this every day death (misery)
*Samsaara is called Daava anala (wild forest fire)
**Duradrusta is the summated effect of yester deeds
Tapatraya = the three types of misery
Dr.Sarma@works 82
¥ÁÿÁþÍà
ªÂϜ ¥ÁÿÁþÍÌ þéÁ¬ÁþÃÌ ¬ÁþÍÌ
©Á¬ÁþÁà©Á¨Í××�Á ÿÃœÁÏ úÁ§ÁþÁàÐ,
œÄ§ÂßÐ ¬Áí¦ÁÏ ¤Ä¥Á¤Á©Â§Áß©ÁÏ üþÂ
þÁ ÿÊœÁÅþÂþÂÔþÁ¡Ã œÂ§Á¦ÁþÁàÐ ||
Saantaa mahanto nivasanti santo
vasantavalloka hitam charantah,
teernaah swayam bheema bhavaarnavam janaa
na haetunaanyaanapi taarayantah ||
VC 39
Dr.Sarma@works 83
Attributes of the Great
Sir, I firmly believe, You are
• A great soul* , calm, composed and magnanimous
• Bring good to others like the Spring – unasked for
• You, yourself have skillfully and practically
crossed this dreadful ocean of Samsaara
• And also ready to help others in crossing the same
• You don't have any motive whatsoever – and
show no difference towards the seekers.
*Man who experienced the Para-apara Brahman
Dr.Sarma@works 84
¬ÁÅŸÂϪÁÅ §Ê«ÁÐ
€ſÁÏ ¬Á֤©Áƀ ¬ÁÖœÁ Ý©Á ſÁœÁЧÁ
ªÁë¥Á ¡ÁþÍžÁ¡ÁÕ©Á›Ï ¥ÁöÁœÁÒþÂ¥ ÷
¬ÁÅŸÂϪÁÅ §Ê«ÁÐ ¬Áí¦Á¥Á§ÁÑ•Á§ÁѪÁ
¡Áդ¤à œÁ±ÂÌ¥Á©ÁœÃ ßÃœÃÏ �è ||
ayam swabhaavah swata yaeva yatpara
Sramaapanoda pravanam mahaatmanaam
sudhaamsu raeshah swayam arka karkasa
prabhaabhi taptaam avati kshitim kila ||
VC 40
Dr.Sarma@works 85
The magnanimous –
• On their own accord make effort to help others
overcome any trouble
• Like the moon – who, unasked for, grants his cool
and pleasing shower of light
• And voluntarily saves the parched earth and its
scorched inhabitants – from the flames of the Sun.
The earlier example of Spring also is similar
The Magnanimous
Dr.Sarma@works 86
¡ÁÕ¤Í ¬ÄÖ�ÁÆœÂƀ
£ÕöÁÒþÁÏžÁ§Á³ÂþÁŤÁÆœÃ�Á¨ÃœËƀ ¡ÁõœËƀ ¬ÁŪĜ˧ÁÅÔœË
§ÁÅÔ«ÁÒžÂÖ�ÁȨªÍüÃÜœËƀ ªÁÅ՜ìÁŎ˧ÂÖ�ÂÔ¥ÁÆœËƀ ¬ÊúÁſÁ
¬ÁÏœÁ¡ÁÌÏ ¤Á©ÁœÂ¡Á žÂ©ÁžÁÿÁþÁ üÂ֨¤çÊþÁÏ ¡Áë¤Í
ŸÁþÂÔ¬ÊÌ ¤Á©ÁžÄßÁ›ßÁ› �ÁœÊƀ ±ÂœÄÕ�ÁÆœÂƀ ¬ÄÖ�ÁÆœÂƀ ||
Brahmaananda rasaanubhuuti kalitaih pootaih suseetairyutai
Ryushmad vaakkalasojjitaih sruti sukhair vaakyaamritaih saechaya
samtaptam bhavataapa daavadahana jwaalaabhir yaenam prabho
dhanyaastae bhavadeekshanakshana gataeh paatreekritaah sweekritaah ||
VC 41
Dr.Sarma@works 87
Metaphor
Oh ! Lord – what can I say !
• Your speech itself is nectar – for its sweetness comes from your tasting of the Brahmaananda
• It is cool and emanates in streams from thy lips as though from a pitcher of honey
• Very delightful to the ear –
• I am longing to be drenched in it – for I am tormented by the wild flames of worldly afflictions
• Blessed are those who are accepted by you even for a passing glance of thy enlightened eyes.
Stripped of its metaphor – the sloka means – take pity on me and teach me the way out of this worldly misery.
Dr.Sarma@works 88
End of Part – I
Continued in Part - II