Designation: A 1020/A 1020M 02Standard Specication forSteel Tubes, Carbon and Carbon Manganese, FusionWelded, for Boiler, Superheater, Heat Exchanger andCondenser Applications1This standard is issued under the xed designation A 1020/A 1020M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyearoforiginal adoptionor, inthecaseofrevision, theyearoflast revision. A numberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1This specication covers minimumwall thicknesswelded tubes made from carbon and carbon manganese steelslisted in Table 1, with various grades intended for use in boiler,superheater, heat exchanger, or condenser applications.1.2Thetubingsizesandthicknessesusuallyfurnishedtothisspecicationare14to5in. [6.3to127mm]inoutsidediameter and 0.015 to 0.375 in. [0.4 to 9.5 mm], inclusive, inwallthickness.Tubinghavingotherdimensionsmaybefur-nished provided such tubes comply with all other requirementsof this specication.1.3Mechanical property requirements do not apply totubing smaller than 18 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.1.4The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are showninbrackets. The values statedineachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththespeci-cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the Mdesignation of the specication is specied in the order.1.5Optional supplementary requirements are provided andwhen desired, shall be so stated on the purchase order.1.6Thisstandarddoesnot purport toaddressall of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:A 450/A 450MSpecication for General Requirements forCarbon, Ferritic Alloy, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes2E 213Practicefor UltrasonicExaminationof Metal Pipeand Tubing3E 273Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the WeldZone of Welded Pipe and Tubing33. Ordering Information3.1Orders for material under this specication shouldinclude the following, as required, todescribe the desiredmaterial adequately:3.1.1Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths).3.1.2Name of material (welded tubes).3.1.3Grade (Table 1).3.1.4Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness).3.1.5Length (specic or random).3.1.6Optional requirements(product analysis, hydrostaticor nondestructive electric test, crush test, and bar coding).3.1.7Test report required (see Certication Section ofSpecication A 450/A 450M).3.1.8Specication designation.3.1.9Optional supplementary requirements are providedand when desired, shall be designated on the order.4. General Requirements4.1Material furnishedunder this specicationshall con-formtotheapplicablerequirementsofthecurrenteditionofSpecication A 450/A 450M, unless otherwise providedherein.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1All steels shall be killed.1This specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Mar. 10, 2002. Published May 2002. Originallypublished as A 1020/A 1020M - 01. Last previous edition A 1020/A 1020M - 01.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.TABLE 1Chemical Requirements, Composition, %Element Grade ALow CarbonSteelGrade CMedium CarbonSteelGrade DCarbon ManganeseSteelCarbon 0.060.18 0.30 max 0.27 maxManganese 0.270.63 0.80 max 1.001.50Phosphorus 0.035 max 0.035 max 0.030 maxSulfur 0.035 max 0.035 max 0.015 maxSilicon No Requirement No Requirement 0.10 min1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2The tubes shall be made by an automatic fusion weldingprocess with no addition of ller metal.6. Heat Treatment6.1After welding, all tubes shall be heat treated at atemperature of 1650F[900C] or higher andfollowedbycooling in air or in the cooling chamber of a controlledatmospherefurnace. Colddrawntubesshall beheat treatedafter the nal cold-drawpass at a temperature of 1200F[650C] or higher.7. Chemical Composition7.1The steel shall conformto the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.7.2When a grade is ordered under this specication, sup-plying an alloy grade that specically requires the addition ofany element other than those listed in Table 1 is not permitted.8. Product Analysis8.1For the purpose of product analysis, a lot consists of 250pieces for sizes up to and including 3 in. [76.2 mm] OD and100 pieces for sizes over 3 in. [76.2 mm] OD; or when tubesare identied by heat number, all tubes within that heat.8.2When requested on the purchase order, a product analy-sis shall be made by the manufacturer or supplier from one tubeper lot. The chemical composition thus determined shallconform to the requirements specied.8.3If the original test for product analysis fails, retest of twoadditional tubesper lot shall bemade. Bothretests, for theelements in question, shall meet the requirements of thespecication; otherwise all remaining material in the heat or lotshallberejected;orattheoptionoftheproducer,eachtubemay be individually tested for acceptance and those pieces thatdonot meet the requirements of the specicationshall berejected.9. Tensile and Hardness Requirements9.1The term lot for tension and hardness tests applies to alltubes prior to cutting, of the same specied outside diameterand wall thickness, which are produced from the same heat ofsteel. When nal heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lotshall include only those tubes of the same size and the sameheat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge. Whenthe nal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shallinclude all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in thesame furnace, at the same temperature, time at heat, andfurnace speed.9.2For GradeAtubes, hardness test shall be made onspecimens from each of two tubes from each lot and shall nothave a hardness number exceeding 72 HRB.9.3Grade C and D tubes, one tension test shall be made onspecimensfromeachof twotubesfromeachlot andshallconform to properties prescribed in Table 2.9.4Table 3 gives the computed minimum elongation valuesfor each 132-in, [0.8-mm] decrease in wall thickness. Where thewall thickness lies betweentwovalues shownabove. Theminimum elongation value shall be determined by the follow-ing equation:E 5 48t 1 15.00@E 5 1.87t 1 15.00#where:E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %, andt = actual wall thickness of specimen, in. [mm].10. Crush Test10.1Wherespeciedinthepurchaseorder,crushingtestsshall bemade. Thetest specimensshall besectionsoftubehaving a length that is at least 212 times the specied outsidediameter of the tube for tubes that are less than 1 in. [25.4 mm]in specied outside diameter, and at least 212 in. [63 mm] fortubesthat are1in. [25.4mm]orlargerinspeciedoutsidediameter. Slight surface checks shall not be cause for rejection.The test specimens shall withstand crushing longitudinallywithout cracking, splitting, or opening at the weld, as follows:Wall Thickness of Tubes,in. [mm]Height of Crushed Section,in. [mm]Grade A Tubes Grades C and D Tubes0.135 in. [3.4] and under34 in. [19] or until outsidefolds are in contactCrush tests not requiredOver 0.135 in. [3.4] 114 [32]11. Mechanical Tests Required11.1Formechanical tests, alot consistsof250tubesforsizesuptoandincluding3in.[76.2mm]and100tubesforsizes over 3 in. [76.2 mm], or fraction thereof, prior to cutting.11.2Flattening TestsOne attening test shall be made onspecimensfromeachoftwotubesfromeachlot orfractionthereof.11.3Flange Test:TABLE 2Tensile RequirementsGrade C Grade DTensile strength, min, ksi, [MPa] 60 [415] 70 [485]Yield strength, min, ksi, [MPa] 37 [255] 40 [275]Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min % 30 30For elongation strip tests, a deduction for each132-in. [0.8mm] decrease in wall thickness below516 in. [8 mm] fromthe basic minimum elongation of the following percentagepoints shall be made.1.50A1.50AASee Table 3 for the computed minimum values.NoteFor thepurposesof design, thefollowingtensilepropertiesmaybeassumed for Grade A tubes:Tensile strength, min, ksi, [MPa] 47 [325]Yield strength, min, ksi, [MPa] 26 [180]Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 35TABLE 3Minimum Elongation ValuesWall ThicknessElongation in 2 in. or50 mm, min, %Ain. mm516 (0.312) 8 30932 (0.281) 7.2 2914 (0.250) 6.4 27732 (0.219) 5.6 26316 (0.188) 4.8 24532 (0.156) 4 2218 (0.125) 3.2 21332 (0.094) 2.4 20116 (0.062) 1.6 18ACalculatedelongationrequirementsshall beroundedtothenearest wholenumber.A 1020/A 1020M 02211.3.1For Grade A, one ange test shall be made onspecimensfromeachoftwotubesfromeachlot orfractionthereof.11.3.2For Grades C and D, one ange test shall be made onspecimensfromeachoftwotubesfromeachlot orfractionthereof. The width of the ange shall not be less than 75 % ofthat specied in specication A 450/A 450M.11.4Crush TestFor Grade A, where specied in thepurchase order, one crush test shall be made on specimens fromeach of two tubes from each lot or fraction thereof.11.5ReverseFlatteningTestOnereverseatteningtestshall be made on each 1500 ft [450 m] of nished tubing.12. Nondestructive Examination12.1Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric TestEachtube shall be subjected to either the hydrostatic or the nonde-structive electric test. The purchaser may specify which test isto be used.13. Surface Condition13.1The nished tubes shall be free of scale. Aslightamount of oxidation shall not be considered as scale.14. Forming Operations14.1When inserted in a boiler or heat exchanger, tubes shallbecapableof withstandingexpandingandbeadingwithoutshowing cracks or aws, or opening at the weld. Whenproperlymanipulated, superheater tubes shall withstandallforging, welding, and bending operations necessary for appli-cations without developing defects.15. Product Marking15.1Marking shall be in accordance with SpecicationA 450/A 450M.15.2Themanufacturersnameor symbol maybeplacedpermanently on each tube by rolling or light stamping beforenormalizing. If a single stamp is placed on the tube by hand,this mark should not be less than 8 in. [200 mm] from one endof the tube.15.3BarCodingInadditiontotherequirementsin15.1and 15.2, bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identi-cation method. The purchaser may specify in the order aspecic bar coding system to be used.16. Keywords16.1automatic welded steel tube; boiler tube; carbon; steeltube; welded steel tubeSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements may become part of the specication when specied intheinquiryorinvitationtobid, andproductionorderorcontract. Theserequirementsshallnotbeconsidered unless specied in the order and the necessary tests shall be made at the mill.S1. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing for ASMERequirementsS1.1The weld seam of each tube shall be subjected to anultrasonic inspection employing Practice E 273 or PracticeE 213withtherejectioncriteriareferencedinSpecicationA 450/A 450M.S1.2If PracticeE 273is employed, a100 %volumetricinspection of the entire length of each tube shall also beperformedusingoneofthenondestructiveelectrictestsper-mitted by Specication A 450/A 450M.S1.3The test methods described in the supplement may notbe capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. Thisconditionisreferredtoasendeffect.Thisportion, asdeter-mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.S1.4In addition to the marking prescribed in SpecicationA 450/A 450M, S1 shall be added after the gradedesignation.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ve years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,UnitedStates. Individual reprints(singleormultiplecopies)of thisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontacting ASTMat theaboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTMwebsite(www.astm.org).A 1020/A 1020M 023