Post on 29-Dec-2015
4-2: What Shapes an Ecosystem?
Biology 1
• Ecology tell you where an organism lives
• Ecology also tells you about the climate
• What shapes the ecosystem of the organism?
Introduction
• BIOTIC FACTORS: biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem– Biotic Factors include living
organisms in the environment: Plants, animals, bacteria, etc
• ABIOTIC FACTORS: physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem– Abiotic Factors include temperature,
precipitation, wind, sunlight, etc…
Biotic and Abiotic Factors
• HABITAT: the area where an organism lives, including the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it
• Habitats includes biotic and abiotic factors
Biotic and Abiotic Factors
• NICHE: full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
• Niches can be organisms place in the food web, temperatures needed for survival, etc
The Niche
• Niche also describes what an organism eats, how it gets food, and predators
• Where an animal lives• When and how it reproduces
• The same species can never live in the same niche – it causes competition
The Niche
• Competition happens when organisms fight for resources– Food, water, living space, etc
• Predation happens when one organism catches another for food– Predator is hunter, prey is the food
Community Interactions
• SYMBIOSIS: relationship in which two species live closely together
• MUTUALISM: symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship
• COMMENSALISM: symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
• PARASITISM: symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism (the host) and consequently harms it
Community Relationships