Post on 06-Jul-2018
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Teacher: Mr Fellows
Modules:
Local Ecosystems (20 hours)
Patterns in Nature (40 hours)Life on Earth (30 hours)
Eolution of !ustralian "iota (30hours)
Preliminary "iolo#y 20$2
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!im of %ta#e & "iolo#y
To 'roie learnin# e'eriences throu#hwhich stuents will:
ac*uire +nowle#e an unerstanin#
a,out funamental conce'ts relate toliin# thin#s an their enironments-the historical eelo'ment of theseconce'ts an their a''lication to
'ersonal- social- economic-technolo#ical an enironmentalsituations
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!im of %ta#e & ,iolo#ycontinue'ro#ress from the consieration of
s'eci.c ata an +nowle#e to theunerstanin# of moels an conce'ts
an the e'lanation of #eneralise,iolo#y terms- from the collection anor#anisation of information to 'ro,lem/solin#- an from the use of sim'le
communication s+ills to those whichare more so'histicate
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!im of %ta#e & ,iolo#ycontinueeelo' 'ositie attitues towars
the stuy of liin# thin#s- theenironment an the o'inions hel
,y others- reco#nisin# theim'ortance of eience an theuse of critical ealuation of
ierent scienti.c o'inions relateto arious as'ects of ,iolo#y1
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more informationFor more information a,out "iolo#y
'lease isit the "oar of %tuieswe,site: htt':
www1,oarofstuies1nsw1eu1ausylla,ushsc,iolo#y1html
http://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/biology.htmlhttp://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/biology.htmlhttp://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/biology.htmlhttp://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/biology.htmlhttp://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/biology.htmlhttp://www.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/syllabus_hsc/biology.html
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Part of the Local Ecosystems Module
%'otli#ht "iolo#y Preliminary Tet Chapter 3
!uthors: 1 5eernan- 61 "astina- "1 7riee-81 5um'hreys- !1 %artor
%cience Press 2002
Po'ulations an communities To'ic $: "iotic an !,iotic Features
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9utcomes:
"y the en of this Moule you shoul ,ea,le to:escri,e an com'are the ierences
,etween a,iotic an ,iotic characteristicsof a*uatic an terrestrial enironments
E'lain how the istri,ution- iersity annum,ers of 'lants an animals foun in
ecosystems are etermine ,y ,iotic ana,iotic factorsE'lain how each local a*uatic or
terrestrial ecosystem is uni*ue
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9utcomes continuedentify the factors eterminin# the
istri,ution an a,unance of a s'ecies ineach enironment
;ecall some im'acts of human actiitieson ecosystems
escri,e strate#ies use to consere-maintain an 'rotect the *uality of the
enironmententify an escri,e in etail aa'tations
of a 'lant an an animal to the localecosystem
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9utcomes continued You should also be able to:Plot a e#etation transect
Estimate the si
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"iotic an !,iotic Features
=nerstanin# why certain animalsli+e liin# in a 'articularenironment is more im'ortant
toay than eer ,efore1 5umans areconstantly interactin# with theenironment an causin# chan#es to
ecosystems1
caraanancam'in#nsw1com1au
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"iotic an !,iotic Features>e nee to 'reictwhich systems will,ene.t from humaninterention- whichwill tolerate ourin?uence an whichwill ,e ama#e ifwe istur, them1>e also nee to
unerstan the lin+san relationshi's,etweenecosystems1
illawarramercury1com1au
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
Biosphere is awor use toescri,e the
re#ions ofEarth@s surfacewhere or#anismscan surie1
This inclues air-water an lan1
earth1com
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
>ithin the,ios'here- acommunity is a
#rou' of 'lants-animals anmicro,es thatlie to#ether in a#ien area callea habitat.
animalsanha,itats1wor'ress1com
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
The wor ecosystem is short for anAecolo#ical system@an inclues all the
or#anisms within acommunity an theirenironment1
The environment
refers to all theconitionssurrounin# anor#anism1
householoaith1com1au
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
There are twoierent 'artsto the
enironment:/Liin#: BioticA,iolo#ical@
/Non/liin#:AbioticA'hysical@
saarc/sa+n1or#
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
The Abiotic enironment incluesall of the conitionscreate ,y non/liin#com'onents of anor#anismssurrounin#1
/%unli#ht- heat-moisture- win anwater currents- si
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
The Biotic enironment consists ofall the liin# or#anisms in a ha,itat1
/The s'ecies that may ,e foo-
'arasites- 'reators- com'etitors orany other liin# or#anism1
htt':,a,yanimal
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Enironments/!,iotic an "ioticFeatures
>e will re#ularly com'are the ,iotican a,iotic characteristics ofierent a*uatic an terrestrial
enironments howeer it@ssometimes iBcult to se'arate thetwo1 Consier an earthworm liin#
in the soilD
en1wi+i'eia1or#
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5a,itat: >here an or#anism lies
The 'hysical location that surrounsan or#anism is its habitat. This iswhere an or#anism lies1 >ithin
eery ha,itat are microhabitats that are not always o,ious1 Eachmicroha,itat has it@s own
tem'erature- humiity- win s'eeect1 These can ,e referre to as amicroclimate1
en1wi+i'eia1or#
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5a,itat: >here an or#anism lies
Consier newly#erminatin# sees-small insects or,acteria liin# unerthe ,ar+ of a #um tree1!ll that matters are theamounts of li#ht-nutrients- tem'eraturean moisture aaila,lewithin a few millimetresof their location1
,lo#1nus1eu1s#
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!a'tations
!n adaptation isany internal ,oy'rocess of cells or
tissues- 'hysicalfeature or 'attern of,ehaiour in a liin#thin# that ma+es it,etter a,le to suriean re'rouce in itsenironment1
#racefrea+an1wor'ress1com
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!a'tations
f you loo+ alon# theroc+s of our coastline- tosome they may a''earlifeless1 5oweer you
may notice little lim'etsthat clin# ti#htly to theroc+s an are not washeo ,y waes1 They can
also surie out of thewater when it@s hot anry1 They hae aa'teto these conitions1
theseashore1or#1u+
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!a'tations 6ust ,ecause a 'lant or
animal is foun in alocation oes not mean ishas any s'ecial aa'tationsto that enironment1 f we
consier salt,ush- it will#row in your well watere#aren at home1 5oweerit has no s'ecialaa'tations to that
enironment1 t woulactually ,e is'lace ,yother 'lants in the #arenwithout human hel'1
hollen,ac+1',wor+s1com
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!a'tations
t normally #rows on the ry saline 'lainsof N%>1 t@s well adapted to a ry ansalty enironment an thries on the
western 'lains ,ecause it is one of thefew 'lants that can #row there1
#raemecha'man1com1au
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5omewor+
!t the conclusion of most lessons youwill ,e #ien a tas+1 This will often ,ea few short answer *uestions lin+in#
irectly to the outcomes of thecourse1 !nswer these *uestions inyour note,oo+ an ,e 're'are toiscuss net lesson1 will ,e notin#
whether or not you hae attem'tethese1 (see eam'le net slie)
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Note,oo+ scaol
Module Heading
To'ic 5eain#
$1 uestionD1
21 uestionD1
Example:
Local Ecosystems
"iotic an !,iotic Features
3. Identify the ,iotic an a,iotic factors aectin#the lies of lim'ets on a roc+ 'latform1
/!nswerDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
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5omewor+
1. Identify the ,iotic an a,ioticfactors aectin# the lies oflim'ets on a roc+ 'latform1
2. Contrast an enironment with aha,itat
3. Compare the features of a
ha,itat with a microha,itat1