Contents of blood and their functions

• Under a microscope, blood cells float in a fluid called plasma.

Blood consists of:

a.Plasmab.Red blood cellc. White blood celld.Platelets (blood clotting

cells)

a) Plasma

• a liquid part of the blood. • yellowish in colour• alkaline characteristic• sticky• made up of water• produce in the liver

a) Plasma contains:

• Dissolved substances like: i. mineral salts ii. Digested food iii. Waste product iv. Vitamins v. Hormones vi. Antibodies vii. Gases viii. Water

The function of plasma are:a.Transport digested food to the cellsb.Transport waste products like urea from the body tissue to the excretory organ.c. Control the body temperatured. To carry hormones to tissue.

b. Red blood cell

•Have biconcave shape

•Do not have nucleus

•Function: to transport oxygen to body cell

b. Red blood cell

•Contain hemoglobin (red pigment) which combined with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin.

•Produce in bone marrow

•Lifespan: 4 months then destroy in the liver and spleen

b. White blood cell

•Larger size than red blood cell

•Have nucleus

•Do not have a definite shape

• Produce in bone marrow and lymph glands

b. White blood cell

•Function: to protect the body from being attacked by microorganisms like bacteria and viruses.•(body defense system)

b. White blood cell can:

a)Kill bacteria in bloodb)Produce antibodies to

neutralize poisonous substance (toxin) produce by microorganisms.

d. Platelets • No definite shape

• Do not have nucleus

• Very small in size

• Function: to clot blood in a wound to prevent the lost of excessive amount of blood.

• Produce in bone marrow• Lifespan: very short- few

hours to 9 days

d. Platelets

OAB BA

•Human blood can be classified to 4 groups:

A, B, AB,O

Blood donor •A person who donates his blood to another

Blood recipient •A person who receives blood from another

•The blood recipient and the donor must be compatible. If not the blood will be coagulate and the recipient will die.•The Blood group ‘O’ are called universal donor.•blood must be screening before transfusion

Can donate People Can receiveO, A, B, AB O O

A, AB A O, AB, AB B O, B

AB AB O, A, B, AB

•The lost of a lot of blood From accident or operation Needs to be replace by Blood transfusion.

•People are encourage to donate blood to save others.

•2 types of blood transfusion: a) through blood kept in blood bank b) through direct channeling from the donor to recipient.

BLOOD DONATION

Storage and handling of blood

•Each blood donor must be tested for their healthy.

•Before donated blood is transfusion into patient, it must be tested to ensure it is free from HIV or AIDS, hepatitis B and C and syphilis.

•All the blood donated must be keep in cold room.

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