20101109 (tech ed) how frameworks kill projects

And patterns to help you avoid getting killed

Sander Hoogendoorn | Principal Technology Officer | Capgemini | @aahoogendoorn

ARC203 - HOW FRAMEWORKS CAN KILL YOUR PROJECTS

Capgemini

� Principal technology officer

� Global agile thought leader

� Chief architect Accelerated Delivery Platform (ADP)

� Microsoft Partner Advisory Council .NET

� Author books and articles in international magazines

� Appreciated speaker at international conferences

� Columns in several magazines

� Editorial boards

� www.sanderhoogendoorn.com

� www.smartusecase.com

� Twitter: @aahoogendoorn

SANDER HOOGENDOORN

ARC203 – How frameworks can kill your projects

� Tuesday 12:00

� Hall 3.2 Interactive 2

ARC202 - How frameworks can kill your projects

� Wednesday 13:20

� Hall 7.1b London 2

ARC203 – How frameworks can kill your projects (repeat)

� Thursday 10:30

� Hall 3.2 Interactive 6

ARC205 – How smart use cases drive web development

� Friday 10:30

� Hall 7.3 Berlin 1

SANDER HOOGENDOORN – TECHED 2010 SESSIONS

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

Software architecture

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

It always takes longer than you expect,

even when you take into account Hofstadter’s Law

HOFSTADTER’S LAW

MYFIRSTSURVEY

Frameworks, like pizzas, come in only two sizes: too big and too small.

LIFE IS NEVER EASY …

MYFIRSTSURVEY

WHAT’S IT GONNA BE PUNK?General purpose frameworks

Enterprise Library, Spring.Net, Castle, NakedObjects,

Accelerated Delivery Framework (ADF), SubSonic

Single goaled frameworks – verticals

Dependency injection: ObjectBuilder, Unity, Castle

Windsor

Logging: Log4Net, Logging Block, Common.Logging

Exception handling: Exception Handling Block

Apect orientation: PostSharp, SetPoint

Search: Lucene.net, NLucene

Portals: DotNetNukeSpatial, Umbraco

Single goaled frameworks – architectural

User interface: Silverlight, ASP.NET MVC, WPF, ASP.NET

Ajax, Spring MVC

Process: UI Process Application Block, WF

Domain: Entity Framework, Hibernate, NEO

Data: Entity Framework, Hibernate, Castle ActiveRecord, CSLA

Service s: WCF, WCF RIA

FRAMEWORKS - CODEPLEX

FRAMEWORKS – WWW.CSHARPOPENSOURCE.COM

FRAMEWORKS – MICROSOFT ENTERPRISE LIBRARY

FRAMEWORKS – PROJECT CASTLE

DON’T BELIEVE THE HYPE – IT’S A SQL

CONVINCING THE MANAGEMENT TO APPLY THE FRAMEWORK (25.5 %)

UNDERSTANDING THE FRAMEWORK (56.4 %)

CONVINCING OTHER DEVELOPERS TO USE THE FRAMEWORK (23.6 %)

TRAINING THE DEVELOPERS (20 %)

THE EYE OF THE TIGER

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

My software never has bugs. It just develops random features

APPLYING FRAMEWORKS

SO GLAD YOU MADE IT!

What if we require

additional features that

aren’t covered by our

framework?

What if we decide that

another framework might

be better than the one

we’re using now?

What if the author of our

favorite framework suddenly

stops developing it?

What if the framework

contains bugs?

And what if the new version

of our framework is

implemented totally

different?

MORE THAN ANYTHING, DEPENDENCIES WILL KILL YOUR PROJECT

A short story about framework developers and application developers

KENTUCKY FRIED ARCHITECTURE

THE CUSTOMER IS NOT ALWAYS RIGHT

PIGS & CHICKENS

The application

developer

The framework

developer

KFC ARCHITECTURE – ENTITY FRAMEWORK

I don’t care if it works on your machine! We are not shipping your machine!

LETTING THE LUNATICS RUN THE ASYLUM

Here’s … beta!

ON THE WRONG TRACK

HOT OR NOT?

Hot? From hot to not? Not?

LightSwitch

WCF RIA Services

Silverlight 4.0

ASP.NET MVC 2 (3?)

ASP.NET Dynamic Data

ADO.NET Data Services

Azure Services

jQuery

NService Bus

MGrammar

Expression Blend

ASP.NET Ajax

Dublin

BizTalk

Surface

SketchFlow

Entity Framework 2.0

LINQ2SQL

LINQ2Entities

Entity Data Model

DSL’s

Silverlight 2.0

ASP.NET

PopFly

HERE’S JOHNNY! – ASP.NET MVC

It’s only in theory that practice and theory are the same

NO STRINGS ATTACHED

MYFIRSTSURVEY

CHANGING BASE CLASSES – – NHIBERNATE / LOG4NET

CHANGING BASE CLASSES – NHIBERNATE / LOG4NET

Programming is like sex.

One mistake and you have to support it for the rest of your life

YES, YOUR FRAMEWORKS VERSION TOO

IT AIN’T OVER TILL IT’S OVER

MISSING BASE CLASSES – WORKFLOW FOUNDATION 4.0

HOW TO AVOID GETTING KILLED

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

Architecture starts when you carefully put two bricks together. There it begins.

SOUND ARCHITECTURE

(SOFTWARE.ARCHITECTURE != LIST<FRAMEWORK>)

A SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

Presentation

Process

Domain

Data / Services

Outside world

UserControls

Panels

Use cases

Workflow

Domain objects / Entities

Factories / Repositories

Enums / Value objects / Smart references

[Mapping]

Service gateways

Service locators

[Mapping]

Databases

Services / ESB

Exact SAP BizTalk Java

Silverlight

Entities

(from EF)

Domain

Services

Metadata

Entity Framework

Nhibernate?

THE GOOD, THE BAD AND THE UGLYDependencies

� Using frameworks is simply good, gringo

� However, being dependant on third parties

can put your project at risk

� How stable are the frameworks you use?

� How stable is the framework vendor?

Minimize dependencies

� Map frameworks to your software architecture,

not vice versa

� Define your own layer supertypes

� Wrap framework functionality

� Apply manager-provider pattern

� Implement extension methods if all fails

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

From a programmer's point of view the user is a peripheral

that types when you issue a read request.

LAYER SUPERTYPE

LAYER SUPERTYPE What’s a layer supertype Ollie?

� Acts as a supertype for all types in

its layer

� All types inherit from the layer

supertype

Well Stan, it’s characteristics are

� Name expresses common behaviour

� Forces common features on all inherited types

� Ideal starting point for services

� Initially the layer supertype is empty

� Reserve layer supertype for future additions

� Extension methods don’t (always) help, you know

LAYER SUPERTYPE – ASP.NET MVC

Presentation

Process

Domain

Data / Services

Outside world

UserControls

Panels

Use cases

Workflow

Domain objects / Entities

Factories / Repositories

Enums / Value objects / Smart references

[Mapping]

Service gateways

Service locators

[Mapping]

Databases

Services / ESB

Exact SAP BizTalk Java

LAYER SUPERTYPE – USING A LAYER SUPERTYPE

LAYER SUPERTYPE – DEFINE SERVICES ON LAYER SUPERTYPES

LAYER SUPERTYPE – EXTENSION METHODS ON LAYER SUPERTYPES

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

Always code as if the guy who ends up maintaining your code

will be a violent psychopath who knows where you live.

DESCRIPTOR

I KNOW NOTHING. I’M FROM BARCELONA

What is the matter

Mister Fawlty?

The problem Manual, is that

� I want to use constants in my

application

� But I want to define them in my

framework and extend them in my

application

� Enumeration won’t do – there’s no

inheritance

DESCRIPTOR – THE PROBLEM (1)

DESCRIPTOR – THE PROBLEM (2)

STRING COLLECTION?

STRING COLLECTION

I KNOW NOTHING. I’M FROM BARCELONA

Descriptor

Defines a restricted but

application specific

extendible list of

definitions

Useful when

� Enums can not be inherited

� Framework defines enumerationtypes that need to be extended in application code

� Define layer supertype usingreflection

� Pre-define frequently used instances

DESCRIPTOR PATTERN

DESCRIPTOR PATTERN - DEFINITION

DESCRIPTOR PATTERN – EXTENDED DEFINITION

DESCRIPTOR PATTERN – USE IN FRAMEWORK

DESCRIPTOR PATTERN – USE IN APPLICATION

MYFIRSTSURVEY

DESCRIPTOR PATTERN – USE IN ASP.NET MVC

AGENDA

An short story

about frameworks

How frameworks can

get you in trouble

versus frameworks

The layer

supertype

Introducing the

descriptor pattern

manager-provider

XML is like violence.

If it doesn’t solve your problems, you are not using enough of it.

DEPENDENCY INJECTION

A NEW DISEASE?What do you think it is?

Create true separation between definition and implementation, so that the two can vary independently and can be replaced easily

Looks like a typical case of dependency

injection to me

� Call functionality without having to know

the actual implementation

� Implement replaceable services

� Apply implementations in different contexts

� Plug-in services at run-time

So …

� Single topic services

� Single or multiple implemenationsneed to be handled, which differsdependant on context, like withWindows API, logging or errorhandling

� Unit testing

DIFFERENT VARIATIONS?Did you know that there

are different types of this

dependency injection?

Arggh…

Yeah, sure. There’s

� Constructor injection

� Property (setter) injection

� And even manual injectionWho cares doc?

DEPENDENCY INJECTION – CONSTRUCTOR INJECTION

DEPENDENCY INJECTION – MANUAL INJECTION

DEPENDENCY INJECTION – WHAT TO PLUG IN

Yes, XML will hurt you too!

"Teamwork is a lot of people doing what I say“

Marketing executive, Citrix Corporation

MANAGER – PROVIDER

Definition

� Create a simple static facade (manager) for

a (set of) interfaced implementations

(providers)

In practice

� Manager holds one or a collection of

providers

� Provider implement a particular interface

� Manager has methods to call methods

from interface

� At run-time, using dependency injection,

actual providers are injected

MANAGER-PROVIDER PATTERN

MANAGER – VALIDATIONMANAGER

INTERFACE

MANAGER – INITIALIZATION (USING DEPENDENCY INJECTION)

CONFIGURATION OF IMPLEMENTATION

MANAGER - EXECUTING METHODS

CLIENT – CALLING METHODS

Useful when

� Generic services need to be called, which may have different implementations

� Manager prevents having to loop through each of a list of providers

� Flexibility to add or remove providers without changing application code

� Providers differ e.g. in development code, test code or deployed code

Use for

� Task Management

� View Management

� Binding and Persisting

� Resource Management

� State Management

� Logging

� Datasource interaction

� Testing!

MANAGER-PROVIDER PATTERN

THE GOOD, THE BAD AND THE UGLYDependencies

� Using frameworks is simply good, gringo

� However, being dependant on third parties

can put your project at risk

� How stable are the frameworks you use?

� How stable is the framework vendor?

Minimize dependencies

� Map frameworks to your software architecture,

not vice versa

� Define your own layer supertypes

� Wrap framework functionality

� Apply manager-provider pattern

� Implement extension methods if all fails

www.accelerateddeliveryplatform.com

WWW.SMARTUSECASE.COM

sander.hoogendoorn@capgemini.com

www.sanderhoogendoorn.com | www.smartusecase.com

Twitter: @aahoogendoorn

REFERENCES AND QUESTIONS

20101109 (tech ed) how frameworks kill projects

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