State Standard Review12.4.3

• ___________ is a change in a species over a long period of time.

EVOLUTION

• Evidence for evolution:• FOSSIL RECORD• HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

• SIMILAR EMBRYOS• SAME DNA/PROTEINS

• If the bone structure in an animal becomes more advanced throughout the years it supports evolution because of the gradual change taking place.

• ___________________________-• similar structures which indicate common ancestry

HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

• Vertebrates are believed to have had common ancestry because there are marked similarities between the embryos of each class.

• The same blood protein in a group of species provides evidence that the species descended from a common ancestor.

Universal genetic code: SAME nitrogen bases code for SAME codons code for SAME amino acids code for SAME proteins

• Is the only evidence for evolution in the fossil record?

•NO

• An ___________ is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce.

ADAPTATION

• ____________________ is the change in a population in which organisms with favorable variations live, reproduce, and pass on their favorable traits.

Heavy duty beak Small beak

NATURAL SELECTION

• In evolution, BOTH environmental factors AND heredity play a role.

• Factors which bring about changes in species over time:• Temperature• Space• Competition

• Large populations aided by many mutations will provide the greatest potential for evolutionary change

• In _________________________ it was thought that living things could arise from nonliving things.

SPONTANEOUS GENERATION

• Scientists think that the first cells resembled

_______________________PROKARYOTIC BACTERIA

• Miller & Urey modeled atmospheric & temperature conditions on early earth to produce organic compounds.

• Plants and animals w/ similar adaptations evolve in similar environments.

• Organisms suited well to their environment reproduce more successfully than those less suited to the same environment.

•Charles Darwin was the author of The Origin of Species.

The Origin of Species

• Darwin’s Journey on the H.M.S. Beagle• Explosed him to a variety of different

ecosystems• His observations of these different

ecosystems and the organisms that made up those systems led him to the conclusions found in this book.