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ATMOS 397GATMOS 397GBiogeochemical Cycles and Global ChangeBiogeochemical Cycles and Global Change

Lecture 6: Earth System / ModelingLecture 6: Earth System / Modeling

Don WuebblesDon Wuebbles

Department of Atmospheric SciencesDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences

University of Illinois, Urbana, ILUniversity of Illinois, Urbana, IL

February 4, 2003February 4, 2003

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Change in Ozone (%) Change in Ozone (%) during June for a fleet of HSCT during June for a fleet of HSCT type aircraft with a cruise altitude of 19-21 km, a total type aircraft with a cruise altitude of 19-21 km, a total

fuel 146 Mlbs/day and EI(NOx)=20 g/kg of fuel.fuel 146 Mlbs/day and EI(NOx)=20 g/kg of fuel.

UIUC 2-D Model (Dutta et al., 2003)

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Modeling Air Quality

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The LithosphereThe Lithosphere

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Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics

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Modeling the Earth SystemModeling the Earth System

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Types of Models Types of Models

Box Model(s) Reservoirs / pools Fluxes Chemistry or other processes within a reservoir

1-D Model 2-D Model 3-D Model

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Flows in a Flows in a Generalized Generalized

Biogeochemical Biogeochemical CycleCycle

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Generalized Global

Carbon Cycle

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Box Model of the

Global Carbon

Cycle

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Modeling the Carbon CycleModeling the Carbon Cycle

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Modeled Flux of CO2 at Air-Sea Interface

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Modeling the Nitrogen CycleModeling the Nitrogen Cycle

What’s missing?

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Box Model of the Box Model of the Nitrogen CycleNitrogen Cycle

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Modeling the Phosphorous CycleModeling the Phosphorous Cycle

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Grid Structure: 3-D Ocean ModelGrid Structure: 3-D Ocean Model

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Definitions within the model grid. Ai,j,k are signed box surfaces. Due to the

irregular grid, boxes can have more than 6 surfaces. This is important for the setup of the advection/diffusion matrix. Horizontal and vertical velocities are defined at the corresponding surface, whereas concentrations are defined in the center of a box