1. Name this process.

2. Name the end products (hint there are three).

3. Why are these end products?

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Excretion

Why is the process of excretion necessary?

The process of releasing metabolic cellular wastes from an organism.• water

• perspiration

•urine

•carbon dioxide

What is it…..Excretion or Egestion?

Excretion -material NOT used within the cell. Nitrogenous wastes

Egestion- material NOT used in digestive systemSolid wastes (feces)

It's "PooPrints."  So you live in an apartment complex with a doggie doo-doo problem?  No worries!  Have all the dogs swabbed and their DNA put in a data bank.  Then if you find an unwanted present on your lawn, simply collect a sample using the " small spatula and Proprietary Collection Solution in a leak-proof container."  Mail in the offending waste and in 5-10 days you'll know which dog did the deed!

ANY COMPOUND OR MIXTURE THAT CONTAINS

NITROGEN.FORMED FROM THE BREAKING DOWN OF

Proteins into AMINO ACIDS

1. AMMONIA

2. UREA

3. URIC ACID

Why is excretion necessary?

In order for cells to stay alive, they must continually intake and output

water….maintain water balance

The cells must also export molecules because they would

continue to get bigger and bigger if they only took in molecules

cells need to dispose waste products of cellular metabolism

that are toxic

Skin

Lungs

Kidneys

Liver

Urinary system

Respiratory system

Integumentary system

Digestive system

•TWO bean shaped organs

•Located in the back of the abdomen, near the bottom ribs•Organ responsible for filtration of wastes out of the blood

ROLE OF THE LUNGS in excretion?

Excrete the wastes from RESPIRATION:

THE ORGAN THE ORGAN RESPONSIBLE RESPONSIBLE

FOR FOR DETOXIFYINGDETOXIFYING THE BLOODTHE BLOOD

IT TAKESIT TAKES TOXINSTOXINS OUT OF BLOOD.OUT OF BLOOD.

(a)(a)Breakdown of worn out Red Breakdown of worn out Red Blood CellsBlood Cells

(b)(b)DeaminationDeamination: breakdown of : breakdown of proteins into amino acids; proteins into amino acids; process used to get rid of process used to get rid of excess amino acidsexcess amino acids

How is the urinary system adapted for excretion?

DO NOW:Using your knowledge

of biologyWhat does this

picture mean to you?

video

METABOLIC ACTIVITY

WASTES PRODUCED

Aerobic cellular Respiration

CO2 + H2O

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

CO2 + Alcohol oror

CO2 + Lactic acid

Dehydration Synthesis H2O

Protein Synthesis Nitrogenous Wastes

Other Metabolic Processes

(ex. neutralization reactions)

Mineral Salts

Flow of Urine through the Urinary System

1

2

4

3

Tubes that are connected to the kidneys and the urinary bladder

Responsible for transporting urine

A muscular organ that is connected to the urethra and the uretersResponsible for storage of urine

until elimination

A tube connected to the urinary bladder and in direct contact with the environmentResponsible for elimination of urine

Renal pelvis

MEDULLA

CORTEX

URETHRA

BLADDER

URETHRA

RENAL ARTERY & VEIN

How do nephrons assist in filtration?

video

is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, and reabsorbing what is needed and

excreting the rest as urine

When water, salts, urea, glucose, amino acids diffuse out of the blood stream into the nephrons of the kidneys

How does the blood enter and leave the kidneys?

“Renal” Artery

“Renal” Vein

To the kidney

From the kidney

When some materials like glucose may be reabsorbed into the capillaries

water, urea and salts

What happens when the excretory system

malfunctions?

• Complete handout!!!!

1. Jaundice: Metabolic waste of bile are reabsorbed by blood

(while bile is not secreted properly, causing a yellowing of the skin and eyes.)

Treatment: phototherapy, antibiotics

2.2. Gout: Gout: Uric acid deposits in joints.

Cause: Rich diet of purines (high protein) and excessive drinking

Treatment of gout

• Ice, rest and medications: steroid injection and/or an anti inflammatory

2. Kidney Stones:. Kidney Stones: Various substances crystallize out of urine into urinary tract or kidney and do not pass through urethra.

Treatment of kidney stones

• Drink water, Urination and in severe cases surgery.

3. Kidney Failure:Kidney Failure:

Inability of kidney to filtrate and absorb nutrients properly.

Excess waste and fluids build up in the body- death occurs if not

treated.

• Dialysis acts as an artificial kidney. There are two types of treatment: hemodialysis and peritoneal (sac around the abdominal organs) dialysis.

• About 90 percent of dialysis patients receive hemodialysishemodialysis: the blood is circulated outside the body and cleaned inside a machine before returning to the patient.

What is this?

LIVER

What’s wrong with these livers?

CIRRHOSIS

4. CIRRHOSIS: is scarring of the liver and poor liver function as a result of chronic liver disease.

Causes: excessive DRINKING of ALCOHOL,

chronic inflammation, poisons and heart disease

Treatment: Cure? None!But Prolong life and offer quality of

life with medication

Normal Kidney

“Chronic GlomerulonephritisChronic Glomerulonephritis". Seen here are atrophic kidneys with a thin cortex from a patient at autopsy with chronic renal failure (CRF).

Review

This diagram best illustrates1.active transport2.maintenance of homeostasis3.synthesis of nutrients4.differentiation

Which system is correctly paired with its function?

1.immune system—intake and distribution of oxygen to cells of the body

2.excretory system—remove potentially dangerous materials from the body

3.digestive system—transport energy-rich molecules to cells

4.circulatory system—produce building blocks of complex compounds

Which body system is correctly paired with its function?

1.excretory — produces antibodies to fight disease-causing organisms2.digestive — produces hormones for storage and insulation3.circulatory — transports materials for energy release in body cells4.respiratory — collects waste material for digestion

The movements indicated by all the arrows are directly involved in

1.the maintenance of homeostasis2.respiration, only3.excretion, only4.the digestion of proteins

The arrows in the diagram below indicate the movement of materials into and out of a single-celled organism.

The energy an organism requires to transport materials and eliminate wastes is obtained directly from

1.DNA2.starch3.hormones4.ATP

The diagram represents a microscopic view of a functional unit of a kidney.

In a kidney, which blood component would not usually pass through the membranes from region A to region B?1.red blood cells2.mineral salts3.urea4.water

1. releasing carbon dioxide into the sweat gland

2. transporting oxygen away from the sweat gland

3. transporting wastes to the sweat gland4. filtering starch out of the sweat gland

What is a major function of the blood vessel represented in the

diagram below?

During a long-distance run on a hot day, an athlete produces large quantities of sweat. As a

result, the kidneys change the rate of urine production. Why is this change important?

1.Decreased urine production increases the amino acids in the blood.2.Increased urine production removes amino acids produced as a result of running.3.Decreased urine production allows the body to conserve water.4.Increased urine production allows more water to remain in the bloodstream.

Excretion is best described as the removal of

1.metabolic wastes from a cell2.toxic wastes by the process of cyclosis3.water molecules from dipeptide hydrolysis4.undigested material from the digestive tract

skin