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GENE TRANSFER AND GENETIC ENGINEERING
CHAPTER 8
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Gene Transfer
Vertical to offspring
Lateral (horizontal) to others in same generation
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Bacterial Gene Transfer and Recombinant DNA Technology
Transformation– Griffith’s
experiment
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Transformation
Mechanism
Significance
Recombination?
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Transduction Mechanism
Significance
Transducing phages:p1, p22
Can be used in genetic mapping
http://jb.asm.org/cgi/reprint/174/23/7876
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Conjugation Mechanism
Significance
Also used for mapping
Conjugation pilus
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Plasmids
F plasmid (conjugation)
Resistance plasmids
Virulence plasmids
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Plasmids (cont.) Tumor-inducing plasmids Agrobacterium tumefaciens and plants
Plasmids conferring novel catabolism
Degradation pathways on a plasmid
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Genetic Engineering Genetic fusions reporter fusions promoter fusions
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Genetic Engineering
Protoplast fusion electroporation
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Genetic Engineering (cont.) Gene
Amplification
Recombinant DNA cloning
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Applications
Medical
Industrial
Agricultural
Hybridomas
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Risks and Benefits
Frankenstein?
Frankenfoods?
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Recombinant DNA technology Plasmids- autonomous replicating extrachromasomal
DNA
restriction enzymes
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Viral technology- phage cloning
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Homologous recombination
Used to make geneknockouts in bacteria and yeast
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Transposons - jumping genes
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Evidence for extensive transfer of antibiotic resistance genes inBacteroides sp.
http://mcb.illinois.edu/faculty/profile/abigails