Post on 02-Jan-2016
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上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司
2003.12
GSMGSM 移动通信系统原理培训讲义移动通信系统原理培训讲义
有线接口信令协议有线接口信令协议
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AbisAbis 接口信令接口信令
3
主叫流程(一)MS BSC
Channel activation ack
Channel activation
Channel required
CM service accept
Call proceeding
SABM(cm_serv_req)
Immediate assign command
establish indication
BTSChannel request
UA(cm_serv_req)
Immediate assignment
Setup
Data request(CM service accept)
Data Ind(Setup)Data request(Call proceeding)
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主叫流程(二)MS BSCBTS
Channel activation ackAssignment command
establish indication
Assignment Complete Deactivate SACCH
Release request(local end rel)Release confirm
RF Channle releaseRF Channel release ack
Alerting
Connect
Connect acknowledge
SABM
UA
Channel activation
Data req.(Assignment command)
Data Ind.(Assignment Complete)
Data req.(Alerting)
Data req.(Connect)
Data Ind.(Connect acknowledge)
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主叫流程(三)MS BSCBTS
Channel Release
Release CompleteRelease
RF Channle release
DISC
Deactivate SACCH
RF Channel release ack
Release Indication
UA
DisconnectData Ind.(Disconnect)
Data Req.(Release)
Data Ind.(Release Complete)
Data Req.(Channel Release)
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主叫流程(四)MS BSCBTS
Channel Release
Release Complete
Release
RF Channle release
DISC
Deactivate SACCH
RF Channel release ack
Release Indication
UA
DisconnectData Ind.(Disconnect)
Data Req.(Release)
Data Ind.(Release Complete)
Data Req.(Channel Release)
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被叫流程(一)MS BSCBTS
Channel activation ackChannel activationChannel required
Call confirm
SABM(pag_resp)
Immediate assign command
establish indication
Channel request
UA(pag_resp)
Immediate assignment
Setup
CM service accept
Paging CommandPaging Request
Data req.(CM service accept)
Data req.(Setup)
Data ind.(Call confirm)
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被叫流程(二)MS BSCBTS
Channel activation ackAssignment command
establish indication
Assignment Complete
Deactivate SACCH
Release request
Release confirm
RF Channle releaseRF Channel release ack
Alerting
Connect
Connect acknowledge
SABM
UA
Channel activation
Data req.(Assignment command)
Data ind.(Assignment Complete)
Data ind.(Alerting)
Data ind.(Connect)Data req.(Connect acknowledge)
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小区间切换MS BSCBTS1 BTS2
Channel activation
Channel activation ackMeasurement result
Handover command
Measurement report
Handover access
Handover complete
SABMUA
Data ind.(HO complete)
Physical information
establish indication
Handover detection
Release Request(local)Release Confirmation
RF Channel Release ACK
RF Channel Release
Data req.(HO command)
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A A 接 口 信 令接 口 信 令
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A接口信令
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETEASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
Channel Type
Priority
Circuit Identity Code(MSC Allocate)
Downlink DTX Flag
Interference Band To Be Used
Classmark Information 2
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
RR Cause
Circuit Identity Code
Cell Identifier
Chosen Channel
Circuit Pool
Speech Version(Chosen)
Channel Type
Speech/data indicator:Speech/Data/Signaling
Channel rate and type:Full rate(Half rate)/SDCCH
Permitted speech version indication:FRV1/FRV2(EFR)
Priority
Preemption Capability Indicator
Priority Level:1~14
Queueing Allowed Indicator:Allowed/not Allowed
Preemption Vulnerability Indicator
Circuit Identity Code
a-k:PCM No.,max 2048
xxxxx:timeslot No.
Interference Band To Be Used
bitmap format for band1~band5
RR Cause
Normal
Circuit Pool
No1:FRV1;FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s
No4:FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s
N05:FRV1;FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s
Classmark Information 2
Phase1/Phase2 MS
Controlled Early Classmark Sending
RF Power Capability
Pseudo Synchronization Capability
Supplementary Service Screening Indication
MT SMS pt. To pt. Capability
Frequency Capability(GSM900 Extended?)
A5/1;A5.2;A5/3
Classmark 3
T10
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
Cause
RR Cause
Circuit Pool
Circuit Pool List
Cause
Requested terrestrial resource unavailable
Requested transcoding/rate adaption available
Requested speech version unavailable
Circuit pool mismatch
Switch circuit pool/Terrestrial circuit already allocated
Equipment failure/No radio resource available/O&M intervention
Radio interface message failure
Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel
T10
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
Clear Request
Cause
Cause
Radio interface message failure
O&M intervention
Protocol error between BSS and MSC
Preemption
CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR REQUEST
CLEAR COMPLETE
Clear Command
Cause
Cause
Call control
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
Handover successful
Protocol error between BSS and MSC
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A接口信令
Handover Required
Cause
Response Request
Cell Identifier List(Preferred)
Circuit Pool List
Current Channel
Speech Version(Used)
Queueing Indicator
Cause
Uplink Quality Uplink Strength
Downlink Quality Downlink Strength
Distance Better Cell
Traffic Response toMSC Invocation
Directed Retry Switch Circuit Pool
Preemption O&M Intervention
Response Request
Request HANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT
if result in no handover
Cell Identifier List
Max n,which is set by O&M,from 1 to 16, list is given in order of preference
Cause
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
Requested terrestrial resource unavailable
Invalid message contents
Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable
Cause
Requested terrestrial resource unavailable
Ciphering algorithm not supported
Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable
Requested Speech version unavailable
Circuit pool mismatch Switch circuit pool
O&M intervention Equipment failure
No radio resource available Invalid cell
Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel
Terrestrial resource already allocated
Handover Request
Channel Type Encryption Information
Classmark Information 1 or 2 Cell Identifier(Serving)
Priority Circuit Identity Code
Downlink DTX Flag Cell Identifier(Target)
Interference Band To Be Used Cause
Classmark Information 3 Current Channel
Speech version(Used) Config. Evolution Ind
Chosen Encryption Algorithm(Serving)
Configuration Envolution Indication
SMI:Subsequent Modification Indication,
whether modification is allowed or not
Classmark Information 1
Phase1/Phase2 MS
Controlled Early Classmark Sending
RF Power Capability
A5/1
Classmark Information 3
Multi-bands supported,E-GSM/DCS1800/R-GSM
RF Power Capability for each band
A5/4,A5/5,A5/6,A5/7
UCS2
Handover Failure
Cause
RR Cause
Circuit Pool
Circuit Pool List
Handover Required Reject
Cause
Handover Request ACK
Layer3 Information
Chosen Channel
Chosen Encryption Algorithm
Circuit Pool
Circuit Identity Code
Handover Command
Layer3 Information
Cell Identifier
MS BSS MSCHANDOVER REQUIRED
HANDOVER REQUIED(1)
T7
HANDOVER COMMANDHANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT
HANDOVER REQUEST
BSS
HANDOVER FAILURE
HANDOVER REQUEST ACK
T8
HANDOVER COMMAND
HANDOVER ACCESSHANDOVER DETECTHANDOVER COMPLETE
HANDOVER COMPLETECLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETE
CLEAR REQUEST
HANDOVER FAILURE CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETE
HANDOVER FAILURE
Handover Detect
No information element except for message type
Handover Complete
RR Cause
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A接口信令
Handover Performed
Cause
Cell Identifier
Chosen Channel
Chosen Encryption Algorithm
Speech Version(Chosen)
MS BSS MSC
T8
HANDOVER COMMAND
CLEAR COMMAND
CLEAR COMPLETE
CLEAR REQUEST
HANDOVER FAILURE
HANDOVER ACCESSHANDOVER COMPLETE
HANDOVER PERFORMED
Cause
Uplink Quality Uplink Strength
Downlink Quality Downlink Strength
Distance Better Cell
Traffic Directed Retry
Switch Circuit Pool Preemption
O&M Intervention
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A接口信令
Handover Performed
Cause
Cell Identifier
Chosen Channel
Chosen Encryption Algorithm
Speech Version(Chosen)
MS BSS MSC
T10
ASSIGNMENT COMMAND
CLEAR COMMAND
CLEAR COMPLETE
CLEAR REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT FAILUREASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
HANDOVER PERFORMED
Cause
Uplink Quality Uplink Strength
Downlink Quality Downlink Strength
Switch Circuit Pool O&M Intervention
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
Paging
IMSI
TMSI
Cell Identifier List
Channel Needed
Cell Identifier List
Cell Identification discrimination:
1.CGI
2.LAC+CI
3.CI
4.No Cell
5.LAI
6.LAC
7.All Cells on the BSS
PAGING
PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1/2/3
Channel Needed
Any channel(default)
SDCCH
TCH/F
TCH/H or TCH/F
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
CM SERVICE REQUESTPAGING RESPONSE
COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION
Complete Layer 3 Information
Cell Identifier
Layer 3 Information
Chosen Channel
CM REESTABLISHMENT REQUESTLOCATION UPDATING REQUEST
IMSI DETACH
Extract classmark information
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
Classmark update
Classmark Information 2
Classmark Information 3
CLASSMARK REQUEST
CLASSMARK ENQUIRY
CLASSMARK CHANGECLASSMARK UPDATE
(option suppress or delay)
CLASSMARK UPDATE(handover)
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
Cipher Mode Command
Encryption Information
Cipher Response Mode
CIPHER MODE COMMAND
CIPHERING MODE COMMAND
CIPHERING MODE COMPLETECIPHER MODE COMPLETE
CIPHER MODE REJECT
Encryption Information
Permitted algorithm:A5/1,A5/2, A5/3,A5/4, A5/5,A5/6, A5/7
Key
Cipher response Mode
IMSI must (not) be included by MS
Cipher Mode Reject
Cause
Cause
Ciphering algorithm not supported
Invalid message contents
Cipher Mode Complete
Layer 3 message contents
Chosen Encryption Algorithm
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A接口信令BSS MSC
ASSIGNMENT REQUEST
ASSIGNMENT FAILURE
QUEUING INDICATION
Queuing Indication
only Message type
ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE
CLEAR REQUEST(?)
T11
BSS MSCHANDOVER REQUEST
HANDOVER FAILURE
QUEUING INDICATIONHANDOVER REQUEST ACK
HANDOVER FAILURE
Tqho
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
BLOCK/UNBLOCK
BLOCK
Circuit Identity Code
Cause
Connection Release Requested
Cause
No radio resource available
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
T1BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
BLOCK/UNBLOCKT1
Notify to O&M
BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE
Circuit Identity Code
UNBLOCK
Circuit Identity Code
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK
Cause
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
Cause
No radio resource available
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
T20CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCKT20
Notify to O&M
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
Circuit Identity Code List
Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255
Status,no indication/block
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
BLOCK/UNBLOCK
BLOCK
Circuit Identity Code
Cause
Connection Release Requested
Cause
No radio resource available
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
T21BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
BLOCK/UNBLOCKT21
Notify to O&M
BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE
Circuit Identity Code
UNBLOCK
Circuit Identity Code
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK
Cause
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
Cause
No radio resource available
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
T22CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCKT22
Notify to O&M
CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
Circuit Identity Code List
Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255
Status,no indication/block
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
RESOURCE REQUEST
Periodicity
100ms~25500ms
RESOURCE INDICATION(1/2/3/4)
RESOURCE INDICATION(3)
RESOURCE INDICATION(1) condition metPeriod
Resource Request
Periodicity
Resource Indication Method
Cell Identifier
Extended Resource Indication
Resource Indication Method
1:Spontaneous resource information expected
2:One single resource infoprmation expected
3:Periodic resource information expected
4: No resource information expected
Extended Resource Indication
SM:Subsequent Mode(only valid forRIM=2)
0--Method 4
1--if RIM of before is 1 or 3, no changed;
otherwise, 4
TARR:Total Accessible Resource Requested
Resource Avaliable
Band1~Band5, number of idle FR/HR
Resource Indication
Resource Indication Method
Resource Avaliable
Cell Identifier
Total Resource Accessible
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
RESET
Reset
Cause
Cause
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
T13 RESET ACK
RESET (n)
RESET (1)
T16
T16
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
RESET
Reset
Cause
Cause
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
T2 RESET ACK
RESET (n)
RESET (1)
T4
T4
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
RESET CIRCUIT
Reset Circuit
Circuit Identity Code
Cause
Cause
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
RESET CIRCUIT ACK
RESET CIRCUIT(n)
RESET CIRCUIT(1)
T19
T19
UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT
Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit
Circuit Identity Code
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
RESET CIRCUIT
Reset Circuit
Circuit Identity Code
Cause
Cause
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
RESET CIRCUIT ACK
RESET CIRCUIT(n)
RESET CIRCUIT(1)
T12
T12
UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT
Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit
Circuit Identity Code
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
HANDOVER CANDIDATE ENQUIRE
Handover Candidate Enquire
Number of MSs
Cell Identifier List
Cell Identifier
HANDOVER REQUIRED(1)
HANDOVER REQUIRED(n)
Handover Candidate Response
Number of MSs
Cell Identifier
HANDOVER CANDIDATE RESPONSE
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A接口信令BSS MSC
Overload
Cause
OVERLOAD
Cause
Processor overload
O&M intervention
OVERLOAD(ignored)
T18T17
OVERLOAD
Decrease random access traffic by 1 step
Decrease random access traffic by 1 step
Increase random access traffic by 1 step
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A接口信令BSS MSC
Overload
Cause
Cell Identifier
OVERLOAD
Cause
Processor overload
O&M intervention
CCCH overload
OVERLOAD(ignored)
T6T5
OVERLOAD
Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step
Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step
Increase MSC originated traffic by 1 step
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
DTAP MESSAGE(SAPI in DLCI0)
SAPI “n” Reject
DLCI
Cause
SAPI “n” REJECT
Cause
O&M intervention
Processor overload
BSS not equipped
MS not equipped
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A接口信令MS BSS MSC
CONFUSION
Confusion
Cause
Diagnostics
CONFUSION
Cause
Invalid message contents
Information element or field missing
Incorrect value
Unknown message type
Unknown information element
Protocol error between BSS and MSC
Invalid cell
UNEQUIPPED CIRCUITUNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT
Unequipped Circuit
Circuit Identity Code
Circuit Identity Code List
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A接口信令BSS MSC BSS
LOAD INDICATION
Cause
O&M intervention
Equipment failure
No radio resource available
Processor overload
Traffic load
Load Indication
Time Indication
Cell Identifier
Cell Identifier List(Target)
Resource Situation
(if without, the indicated cell is not able to perform incoming handover request)
Cause
LOAD INDICATION
Time Indication
0:No value valid
255:infinite
others:10s~2540s
Resource Situation
number of SDCCH channel in each interference band
number of TCH/F channel in each interference band
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A接口信令
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MAP MAP 接 口 信 令接 口 信 令
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MAP 所应用的接口
• VLR-HLR 用户信息、位置信息• MSC-HLR 查询路由• VLR-VLR 用户信息• MSC-MSC 切换、短消息• MSC-EIR 设备鉴权
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MAP
• GSM 网移动系统实体—归属位置寄存器 (HLR)
—拜访位置寄存器 (VLR)
—移动业务交换中心 (MSC)
—设备识别积存器 (EIR)
—关口局 MSC(GMSC)
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动态数据库 VLR
• VLR (Visitor Location Register) :拜访位置寄存器。实际上是一个数据库,储存用户信息,主要包括:– MSRN (Mobile Station Roaming Number) : 移动台漫游号码– TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identification) : 临时移动用户
身份– 移动台登记的位置区( LAC )– 与补充业务有关的数据
• 可分配一个 MSRN ,还可以分配一个 TMSI 用于用户的身份保密。
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静态数据库 HLR
• HLR (Home Location Register) :归属位置寄存器。实际上是一个数据库,主要储存二类数据:– 用户数据,主要包括:
• 用户的身份 IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identification)
• 用户 ISDN 号码• VLR 地址
– 用户的位置信息
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MAP 的应用
• GSM NO.7 信令网的等级结构
HSTP HSTP HSTP
LSTP LSTP
SPSP SP
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信令网和话路网的对应关系•
TMSC1 HSTP H&LSTP TMSC1
TMSC2
MSC
LSTP TMSC2
MSC
话路 信令链
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信令网的寻址方式
• MAP 是专为 GSM 要求而设计的,是 TCAP 的一个客户,位于 TCAP 之上。 MAP 协议支持一个物理实体同时和几个物理实体的通信,主要功能是支持移动用户的位置登记、位置删除、用户业务管理、参数
管理、漫游、越区切换、鉴权、保密数据传输等。 C
IC 表示该消息属于哪条话音电路(它的长度是 12 比特,因此一条数字信令链路理论上可载送 212 =4096 条话路的信令消息)。在 GSM 信令网 SP 、 STP 间传送MAP 信令消息必须有 SCCP 的支持, SCCP 的地址是由 GT 、 DPC 、 SSN 组成。
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MAP 支持的程序
• --- 位置登记 / 删除• --- 切换• --- 复原• --- 操作维护• --- 补充业务• --- 短消息处理• --- 呼叫处理• IMEI 的管理
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位置登记 / 删除
• VLR HLR PVLRSend Authen
Send Authen Ack
Update-location
Cancel-location
Cancel-location AckInsert Sub.Data
Insert Sub.Date Ack
Update-location Ack
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故障后复原程序—— VLR 复原
• VLR HLRProvide Roaming Number
Provide Roaming Number Ack.
Send Authentication
Send Authentication Ack.
Restore Data
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故障后复原程序—— VLR 复原
• Insert Sub. Data
Insert Sub. Data Ack
Restore Data Ack.
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故障后复原程序—— HLR 复原
• HLR VLR Reset
Update Location
Active Trace Mode
Active Trace Mode Ack.
Insert Sub.Data
Insert Sub.Data Ack
Update Location Ack
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呼叫建立期间获得路由数据
• GMSC HLR VLR
Send Routing Information
SRI Ack.
Provide Roaming Number
PRN Ack.
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移动发起短消息业务传送
• MSC/VLR HLR SC
Forward SM
Forward SM Ack
Send Routing Info
Send Routing Infor for SM Ack.
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短消息提醒程序
• MSC/VLR HLR SC
Ready for SM
Ready for SM Ack.
Alert SMC
Alert SMC Ack.
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位置更新过程
VLRVLR
HLRHLR
VLRVLR
BSSBSS VMSCVMSCUmA
B
newold
Loc update cancellation
Id inquiringLocation Update 的起因:1 ) SIM 卡第一次使用2 )位置区发生变化3 )周期位置更新4 ) IMSI attach/detach
D D
G
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位置更新流程 (1)在同一 VLR/MSC中的位置更新
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRVLRBSSBSS
Loc upd req Cmpl L3 Info Upd loc area
Authenticate Authentication req
Authentication respAuthenticate ack
Fwd new TMSI ack
Cipher mode cmdCiphering mode cmd
Upd loc area ackCiphering mode comp Cipher mode comp
Loc upd acc
TMSI reallocation cmp
Fwd new TMSI
Set ciphering mode
Update location areaTarget location area IdServing cell IdLocation update typeIMSITMSIPrevious location area Id
Update location area ACKUser errorProvider error
User errorunknown subscriberunknown location arearoaming not allowedillegal subscriberillegal equipmentsystem failure;
AuthenticateRANDCKSN
Authenticate ACKSRESSet Ciphering Modeciphering mode:no,A5/1~7Kc
Forward New TMSITMSI
Forward New TMSI ACKProvider error
57
位置更新流程 (2)在新的 VLR中的位置更新,原 VLR可及
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRnVLRnBSSBSS
Loc upd reqUpd Loc area
Auth.Auth. reqAuth. resp Auth. ack
Set ciph. modeCiph. Mode cmdCiph. mode cmd
FWD new TMSICiph. mode cmpCiph. mode cmp
Loc upd acc
Fwd new TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp
HLRHLR
Upd loc
Upd loc ack
VLRoVLRo
Send Id
Send Id ack
Cancel location.Cancel location ack
Upd Loc area ack
Send IdentificationTMSI
Send Identification ackIMSIAuthentication setUser error:unidentified subscriberProvider error
Update locationIMSI
MSC address
VLR number
LMSI
Update location ack
HLR number
User error
Provider error
User errorunknown subscriberroaming not allowedsystem failure;unexpected data value
Cancel location
IMSI
LMSI
Cancel location ack
User error: unexpected data value
Provider error
Insert subs dataInsert subs data ack
Insert subscriber dataIMSI MSISDN CategorySubscriber status Bearer service listTeleservice list Fwd info listCall bar info list CUG info listSS-data list Operator determined barring general dataOperator determined barring HPLMN dataRoaming restriction due to unsupported featureRegional subscription data VLR CAMEL subscription info
Insert subscriber data ackBearer service list Teleservice listOperator determined barring general dataSS code list Regional subscription responseSupported CAMEL phasesUser error:unidentified subscriber,data missing,unexpected data valueProvider error
Cmpl L3 Info
58
位置更新流程 (3)在新的 VLR中的位置更新,原 VLR不可及
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRnVLRnBSSBSS
Loc upd reqUpd Loc area
Auth.Auth. reqAuth. resp Auth. ack
Set ciph. modeCiph. Mode cmdCiph. mode cmd
FWD new TMSICiph. mode cmpCiph. mode cmp
Loc upd acc
Fwd new TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp
HLRHLR
Upd loc
Upd loc ack
VLRoVLRo
Cancel location.Cancel location ack
Upd Loc area ack
Provide IMSI ackIMSI
user error:absent subscriber
Provider error
Provide IMSIID reqID resp Provide IMSI ack Send Auth. info
Send Auth info ack
Insert subs dataInsert subs data ack
Cmpl L3 Info
59
位置更新流程 (4)在新的 VLR中的位置更新,原 VLR可及,但信息丢失
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRnVLRnBSSBSS
Loc upd req Upd Loc area
Set ciph. modeCiph. Mode cmdCiph. mode cmd
FWD new TMSICiph. mode cmpCiph. mode cmp
Loc upd acc
Fwd new TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp
HLRHLR
Upd loc
Upd loc ack
VLRoVLRo
Cancel location.Cancel location ack
Upd Loc area ack
Provide IMSIID reqID resp Provide IMSI ack
Send Id
Send Id ack
Auth.Auth. reqAuth. resp Auth. ack
Send Auth. infoSend Auth info ack
Insert subs dataInsert subs data ack
Cmpl L3 Info
60
位置更新流程 (5)
在新的 VLR中的位置更新,原 VLR可及,但信息丢失
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRnVLRnBSSBSS
Loc upd req Loc upd req Loc area upd
Auth.Auth.Auth.
Auth. resp Auth. resp Auth. ack
Set ciph. modeStart cipheringCiph. mode cmd
Loc upd accCiph. mode cmpCiph. mode cmp
Loc upd acc
TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp
HLRHLR
Loc upd req
Loc upd ack
VLRoVLRo
Cancellation.
Cancellation ack
Id req.Id req.Id req.Id resp Id resp Id resp
unknown
Id req.
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IMSI Detach 流程
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRVLRBSSBSS
IMSI Detach Cmpl L3 Info Detach IMSI
Detach IMSIIMSITMSI
62
清除 MS 流程
MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRVLRBSSBSS
Purge MS ack
Purge MSIMSIVLR number
Purge MS
MS 没有在规定的时间里作周期性位置更新,
或 O&M 操作清除 MS
Purge MS ackProvider error
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移动主叫( MO )过程
BSSBSS VMSCVMSC
VLRVLRVPLMN(visited)
IAM ( ISUP )
SIFOCComplete call
UmA
B
IAM : Initial address message
ISUP : ISDN user part
SIFOC : Send information for outgoing call
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MO 信令流程MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRVLRBSSBSS
CM service req Process access reqAuthenticateAuthenticate request
Authenticate resp Authenticate ackCM service accept Process access req ack
setup SIFOCComplete call
Assignment requestAssignment cmdAssignment comp Assignment complete
Call proceeding
IAMACMANM
AlertConnect
Connect ack
Cmpl L3 Info
Process access requestCM service type
Access connection status
Current location ID
TMSI/IMSI
CKSN
Process access request ackIMSI
MSISDN
User error:
Provider error
User errorunidentified subscriber illegal subscriber
illegal equipment roaming not allowed
unknown location area system failure
unexpected data value
Send information for outgoing callCalled numberBearer serviceTeleserviceCUG indexSuppress preferential CUG
Suppress CUG outgoing access
Complete callMSISDN IMEICategory GSM bearer capabilityISDN bearer capabilityISDN low layer compatibilityISDN high layer compatibilityCLIP provision CLIR override provisionCLIR provision CLIR modeCOLP provision COLR override provisionCOLR provision No Reply Condition TimerCUG index CUG interlockCUG outgoing access Advice of Charge provision
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移动被叫( MT )过程
BSSBSSVMSCVMSC
VLRVLR
VPLMN
IAM (ISUP) SIFICPage/ackComplete call
UmA
BGMSCGMSC
HLRHLR
IAM(ISUP)
Send routeing info/ack Provide roaming n
umber/ack
SIFIC : Send information for incoming call
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GMSCGMSC VLRVLR VMSCVMSC BSSBSS MSMSIAMSIFIC
Page/Search MS Paging Paging requestPaging responseProcess access req
Complete call SetupCall conf
Assignment request Ass cmdAss cmpAssignment cmp
AllertingACMConnectANMConnect ackComplete call ack
移动被叫流程
Cmpl L3 InfoProcess access req ack
Send Information for Incoming CallMSRNBearer serviceTeleserviceDialled numberNumber of forwardingCUG interlock
CUG outgoing access
Page IMSILocation area IDPage typeTMSI
Search MSIMSIPage typeTMSI
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MT 获取路由信息GMSCGMSC VMSCVMSCVLRVLRHLRHLR
Send Routing InfoIAM
Provide Roaming Number
PRN ackSRI ack
IAM
Send Routing Information
Interrogation type
GMSC address
MSISDNAlerting PatternCUG interlockCUG outgoing accessNumber of forwardingISDN BCISDN LLC
ISDN HLC
Provide Roaming Number
IMSI
MSC number
MSISDN
LMSI
Provide Roaming Number ack
Roaming number
User error
Provider error
User errorAbsent Subscriber;
No Roaming Number Available;
OR Not Allowed;
Facility Not Supported;
System Failure;
Data Missing;
Unexpected Data Value
Send Routing Information ackIMSIRoaming numberForwarded-to numberForwarded-to subaddressNotification to calling partyForwarding reasonRedirecting presentationMSISDNCUG interlock
CUG outgoing access
User errorAbsent subscriber Bearer service not provisioned;
Call barred (Operator determined barring);
CUG reject (Called party SS interaction violation);
Data missing Facility not supported;
Forwarding violation Number changed;
System Failure Teleservice not provisioned;
Unexpected data value Unknown subscriber
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江苏
上海北京
MSRN 路由接续的机理
TMSC
MSC/VLRMSC/VLR
TMSCTMSC
GMSCGMSCIAM
HLRHLRMSC/VLRMSC/VLR
TMSC
MSC/VLRMSC/VLR
021
021
6495SRI
PRN“13901234567”
021-64957700
6495xxxx
6485xxxx
021-64957700
MSRNMSISDN MSRN
64957700
64957701 6495ABCD
“13901234567”
0123
HLR 号
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切换流程
• 小区内切换流程• 小区间切换流程• 外部切换流程• MSC 间切换
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小区内切换MSC BTSBSC MS
SABM(FACCH)
Measurement result
Channel activation ack
Establish indication
Release Confirmation
Measurement report
Assigment complete(FACCH)
HO Performed
RF Channel Release ACK
Assigment command (FACCH)
Release Request
RF Channel Release
Channel activation
UA ( FACCH )
Receiver Ready(FACCH)
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外部切换MSMSC BSS2 BSS1
Measurement Report(SACCH)
BTS2 BTS1
Measurement Result
Handover Required
Handover RequestChannel Activation
Channel Activation ACKHO Request ACK
Handover Command Handover Command(FACCH)
Handover Access(FACCH) Handover DetectionHandover Detection Physical Information (FACCH)
SABM (FACCH) Establish Indication
UA (FACCH)
Handover Complete (FACCH)
Receiver Ready (FACCH) Handover Complete
Handover Complete
Clear CommandRelease Request
Release ConfirmationRF Channel
ReleaseRF CH Release ACKClear Command
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MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BHO Required
MSC 间切换流程(一)
Prepare Handover
Target cell IDBSS APDU
Prep HO Alloc HO numberHO RequestHO Request ack
Prep HO ack Send HO report
IAMSend HO report ack
ACMHO Command HO DetectProc access sig
HO CompleteSend end sig reqClear CommandANS
ReleaseSend end sig ack
Send Handover Report
Handover number
Linked ID
Prepare Handover ackBSS APDUHandover numberUser errorProvider error
User errorNo handover number available
System failure
Unexpected data value
Data missing
Process access signalBSS APDUSend end signalBSS APDU
Clear Complete
Clear CommandClear Complete
需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换
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MSC 间切换流程(二)不需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换
MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BHO Required Prep HO
HO RequestHO Request ack
Prep HO ack
HO Command HO DetectProc access sig
HO CompleteSend end sig reqClear Command
Send end sig ack
Clear Complete
Clear CommandClear Complete
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MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BHO Required
MSC 间切换流程(三)
Prepare subsequent Handover
Target cell ID
Target MSC numberBSS APDU
Prep sub HOHO Request
HO Request ack Prep sub HO ackHO Command
HO Detect
HO CompleteClear Command
Release
Send end sig ack
User errorUnkown MSC
Subsequent handover failure
Unexpected data value
Data missing
Prepare subsequent Handover ack
User error
Provider error
Clear Complete
MSC B 切换回 MSC A ,使用电路连接
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MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BHO Required
MSC 间切换流程(四)
Prep sub HOHO Request
HO Request ack Prep sub HO ackHO Command
HO Detect
HO CompleteClear Command
Send end sig ack
Clear Complete
MSC B 切换回 MSC A ,不使用电路连接
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MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS MSC-CMSC-C VLR-CVLR-CHO Required
MSC 间切换流程(五)
Prep sub HO
HO Request
Prep HO ack Send HO report
IAMACM
HO CommandHO DetectProc access sig
HO CompleteSend end sig req
Clear Command
ANS
Release
Send end sig ack
Clear Complete
BSS-C/MSBSS-C/MS
Prep HOAlloc HO number
HO Request ack
Send HO report ack
Prep sub HO ack
ReleaseSend end sig ack
Clear CmdClear Cmpl
MSC B 切换到 MSC C ,使用电路连接
77
MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS MSC-CMSC-C VLR-CVLR-CHO Required
MSC 间切换流程(六)
Prep sub HO
HO Request
Prep HO ack
HO CommandHO DetectProc access sig
HO CompleteSend end sig req
Clear Command
Send end sig ack
Clear Complete
BSS-C/MSBSS-C/MS
Prep HO
HO Request ack
Prep sub HO ack
Send end sig ack
Clear CmdClear Cmpl
MSC B 切换到 MSC C ,不使用电路连接
78
MSC 间切换流程(七)不需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换后,建立电路连接
MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BPrep HO
Assignment RequestAssignment Cmpl
Prep HO ack
Send end sig ack Clear CommandClear Complete
Alloc HO number
Send HO report
Send HO report ackIAM
ACM
ANS
Release
79
SDCCH上的短信主叫流程MS BTS
Channel RequestRACH
AGCHSDCCHSDCCH
BSC MSC
Channel RequestChannel Active
Channel Active ACKImm. Assignment
SABM(CM-SERV-REQ)
EST IND(CM-SERV-REQ)
CR(CM-SERV-REQ)UA(CM-SERV-REQ)CC(AUTH-REQ)AUTH-REQ
AUTH-RESCIPH MODE CMDENCR CMDCIPH MODE CMD
CIPH MODE CMP CIPH MODE CMPSABM(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)
CP-DATACP-ACK
CP-DATACP-ACK
Clear CommandChannel ReleaseDEACT SACCHDISC(SAPI=0)
Release IndicationUA(SAPI=0)Local release
SAPI=3Clear CompleteRF Channel Release
To SCFrom SC
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SDCCH上的短信被叫流程MS BTS
Page RequestPCH
AGCHSDCCHSDCCH
BSC MSCPaging CommandChannel Request
Channel Active ACKImm. Assignment
SABM(Page Response)
EST IND(Page Resp.) CR(Page Resp.)UA(Page Resp.)CC(AUTH-REQ)AUTH-REQ
AUTH-RESCIPH MODE CMDENCR CMDCIPH MODE CMD
CIPH MODE CMP CIPH MODE CMPSABM(SAPI=3) EST REQ(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)
CP-DATACP-ACK
CP-DATACP-ACK
Clear CommandChannel ReleaseDEACT SACCHDISC(SAPI=0)
Release IndicationUA(SAPI=0)Local release
SAPI=3Clear CompleteRF Channel Release
PagingChannel Request
Channel Active
EST CONF(SAPI=3)CP-DATA
RACHFrom SC
To SC
81
TCH上的短信主叫流程MS BTS
FACCHFACCH
SACCH
BSC MSC
To SC
ACTIVE CALL
ACTIVE CALL
CM SERV REQ
CM SERV ACC
SABM(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)
CP-DATACP-ACK
CP-DATACP-ACK
From SC
82
TCH上的短信被叫流程MS BTS
SACCH
BSC MSC
From SC
ACTIVE CALL
ACTIVE CALL
SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)
CP-DATACP-ACK
CP-DATACP-ACK
To SC
EST REQ(SAPI=3) CP-DATA
83
SDCCH上MSC间短信切换流程MS BTS-A
CP-DATAMSC-B MSBSC-A MSC-A BSC-B BTS-B
CP-ACKHANDO RQDPRE HANDOHANDO RQTCHAN ACTIV
CHAN ACTIV ACKHANDO RQT ACKPRE HANDO ACKHANDO CMD
HANDO CMD HANDO ACCHANDO DETPhysical INFHANDO DETProcess Access
Signalling SABM(SAPI=0)UA(SAPI=0)
HANDO COMPHANDO COMPSend end signalClear CMDRF CHAN REL
RF CHAN REL ACKClear COMP
Forward Access Signalling
CP-DATA EST REQ(3)SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(3)UA(SAPI=3)
CP-DATA
HANDO COMP
CP-ACKProcess Access
Signalling
To SC
From SC
To SC
84
SACCH上MSC间切换流程MS BTS-A
CP-DATAMSC-B MSBSC-A MSC-A BSC-B BTS-B
CP-ACKHANDO RQDPRE HANDOHANDO RQTCHAN ACTIV
CHAN ACTIV ACKHANDO RQT ACKPRE HANDO ACK
HANDO CMDHANDO CMDHANDO ACC
HANDO DETPhysical INFHANDO DETProcess Access
Signalling SABM(SAPI=0)UA(SAPI=0)
HANDO COMPHANDO COMPSend end signalClear CMDRF CHAN REL
RF CHAN REL ACKClear COMP
Forward Access Signalling
CP-DATA EST REQ(3)SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(3)UA(SAPI=3)
CP-DATA
HANDO COMP
CP-ACKProcess Access
Signalling
To SC
From SC
To SC
IAMACM
Answer
85
优化中注意的问题
• 1 ,不能建立呼叫或建立后即释放:• 在主叫用户呼叫时,未得到被叫方的任何响应,双方的信令流
程正常。在这种情况下,可以检查双方 MSC 设置的 CIC 是否规范,即双方的选线方式是否正确。根据 DPC 的值的大小来设置 FIFO 或 LIFO,否则发生“同抢”会大大降低接通率。
• 2 ,用户通话过程中由于频繁切换失败,造成大量掉话:• 由于本MSC 没有预留足够 HO资源,这个问题可以从本局的
局数据中得到确切结果。往往网络不断扩容,造成用户数增长很快,不能及时扩长 HO 数量。
• 3 ,业务区边界存在单向切换:• 在边界上双方小区的切换成功率为 0 ,或相距较近的另一业
务区小区发生不能切换的事件,则应该检查 该小区的 LAC 和 CI是否在归属 MSC 中漏做。
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优化中注意的问题• 4 ,建立呼叫后存在的“单通”现象过多:• 往往问题出在传输的质量上面,而这一类问题看似简单,却经常出问题。原来比较好的条件,但由于维护的疏忽和网络改造,造成“自环”或“连接”松动,并且这部分电路未隔离,所以应仔细复查。
87