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Session 9 (I)Ceramic and ConcreteTile Roofs

9.1. Introduction9.2. Ceramic and concrete tiles9.3. Construction systems9.4. Construction details9.5. Bibliography

The California Endowment, L.A. Archs: RCHS + H&R, 2006

Based on the original presentations by Prof. M. Ángeles Beltrán. Adapted by

Prof. Julián García julian.garciam@upm.esTranslated by Luis M. Martín

Vernacular tile roofs at Grazalema. Andalucia, Spain.

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9.1. Introduction. MaterialsCeramic TilesProduced as follows:

· Raw material preparation + Shaping· Drying raw tiles· Glazing· Burning· Sorting

Finishing: raw ceramic or glazedUNE EN 1304Reaction to fire = M0Bending resistance:> = 900 NFrosting: 150 cyclesThermal conductivity: Absorption <5%

Concrete tilesHardened cement mortar.UNE EN 490 (European level)Reaction to fire = M0Bending resistance:> = 2000 NFrosting: + 25 cyclesThermal conductivity: 1.2 Kcal / m ° CAbsorption <10%

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9.2. Ceramic and concrete tiles. International and Spanish standards9.2.1. International standards

Ceramic (left) and concrete international standards. John Wiley and sons. Best Practises Guide to Residential Construction, 2006.

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Vocabulary and details. John Wiley and sons. Best Practises Guide to Residential Construction, 2006.

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Vocabulary and details. John Wiley and sons. Best Practises Guide to Residential Construction, 2006.

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9.2.2. Spanish standards. Ceramics

Arabic tile Mixed (pseudo-s) tile

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Spanish standards. Ceramics

Flat tile Other elements

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Spanish standards. Concrete

Concrete tiles

According to CTE DB HS, the minimum slopes for ceramic and concrete tiles must be:

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Connection systems

· Cement mortars. Cement, lime and sand (1: 2: 10) or waterproof mortar M-2.5. A slope <30 ° is recommended.· Dry installation. Drilling screws and nails, with diameters and lengths that allow its insertion. Screws will be anchored to wooden or metal furring strips.· Adhesives, silicones and foams. Mainly polyurethane foam, used for all concrete and ceramic tiles.

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Superficial supports

· Brickwork slopes. Ceramic brick, cement mortar and a reinforced compression layer.· Concrete. Site slabs or precast elements.· Steel or timber substructures. Covered with several furring strips and metal or fiber- cement board.

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9.3. Construction Systems9.3.1. Spanish standards

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9.3.2. Ventilated roofs

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10 cm

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9.3.3. Tectum roofs

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Tectum roofs. Details

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Tectum roofs. Details

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9.4. CTE Details9.4.1. Eaves. CTE HS1 2.4.4.2.2 9.4.2. Gablets. CTE HS 2.4.4.2.3

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9.4.3. Valleys. CTE HS1 2.4.4.2.4

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9.4.4. Hips and ridges. CTE HS1 2.4.4.2.5

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9.4.5. Gutters. CTE HS1 2.4.4.2.9 9.4.6. Relationship with wall. CTE HS1 2.4.4.2.1

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Relationship with wall. CTE HS1 2.4.4.2.1

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9.5. Bibliography

Deplazes, A (Ed.) (2009) Constructing Architecture. Materials, processes, structures. Birkhäuser, BaselKnaack, U.; Klein, T. (2009) The Future Envelope 1: A multidisciplinary approach. 2009. Research in Architectural Engineering SeriesKnaack, U.; Klein, T. (2009) The Future Envelope 2: Architecture - Climate – Skin. Research in Architectural Engineering Series Schunk, E. et al. (2003) Roof Construction Manual. Pitched Roofs. Birkhäuser, BaselSchunk, E. et al. (2003) Roof Construction Manual. Flat Roofs. Birkhäuser, Basel

Spanish regulations:· Código Técnico de la Edificación· Normas UNE-EN 10077-1, UNE-EN 12210, UNE-EN 12207, UNE-EN 12208, UNE-EN 12400, UNE-EN 12567-1, UNE-EN 14351-1 y UNE-EN -ISO 140-3