Post on 29-Dec-2015
OVERVIEW OF I.S.
Expanding roles of I.S. Types of I.S.
1950-60
Transaction Processing Record Keeping Tradional Accounting applications
1960-70s
Management reports to support decision making
1970-80s
Decision Support System
1980-90s
Expert System Executive Information System
1990-2000s
Internetworked I.S.
Types of I.S.
Operation Support System Management Support System
Operation Support System
Process business transaction Control industrial processes Support enterprise communication
and collaboration Update corporate databases.
Management Support System
It emphasizes the management orientation of Information technology in business.
Operation Support System
Transaction Processing System Process Control System Enterprise Collaboration System
Transaction Processing System Process data resulting from business transaction
e.g. process sales, purchases and inventory changes to update database.
Produces customer statements, employees paychecks, sales receipts, purchase orders, dividend checks, tax forms, financial statements.
Transactions are processed in 2 ways- In batch processing, data is accumulated over a
period of time and processed periodically. In real time processing, data is processed
immediately after a transaction occurs.
Process Control Systems
Physical production processers are automatically made by computers.
Computers monitor a chemical process, capture, process data detected by sensors and instant adjustments to appropriate refinery processes.
Enterprise Collaboration System Uses a variety of information
technology to help people work together.
Help to communicate ideas, share resources, coordinate workgroups.
Management Support System
It focuses on providing information and support for effective decision making.
Management Information System Provides day to day decision making
needs of managers. Provides a variety of reports. It retrieve information about internal
operations from databases that have been updated by TPS.
They also obtain data from external sources.
Decision Support System
These are interactive computer based information system.
That uses decision models and specialized databases.
To assist the decision making process. Provides information on an ad hoc basis
i.e. as needed. Important decisions software are
electronic spread sheets, graphic package, lotus 1-2-3, DBMS.
Executive Information System To provide the information to top
executives Sources are letters, memo, reports,
meetings, tele calls, social activities i.e. computer and non computer.
Graphic displays are used frequently. Immediate access to internal and
external databases is provided. EIS provide information about the
current status and projected trends.
Other Classifications
Expert System Knowledge Management Systems
(KMS) Strategic Information System Business Information System Integrated Information System
Expert System
The most practical application of AI is the development of ES.
It is knowledge based Information System
It uses its knowledge about a specific area to act as an expert consultant to users.
IT now help diagnose illness, search for minerals, analyze compounds, recommend repairs.
Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
Some companies encourage employees to share what they know.
These are known as knowledge creating company or learning organization.
KMS help knowledge workers create, organize and share important business knowledge wherever and whenever it is needed.
Strategic Information System
It involves using information technology to develop products, services, and capabilities that give a company strategic advantages over competitive forces it faces in the global market.
It support the competitive position and strategies of an enterprise.
Thus it can be any kind of Information system that helps an organization gain a competitive advantage, reduce a competitive disadvantage or meet other strategic enterprise objectives.
Business Information System
Information system both operations and management activities in the business functions of accounting, finance, HRM, marketing and operations management.
Integrated Information System
In real world information systems are the combinations of several types of information system.
Example of payroll / labor analysis system Trends in labor cost is HRM IS. It is generated from data of payroll
system.